Ureter-ileum-interposition: Combined experience from two high-volume centres.

Unlabelled: The current study aimed to evaluate short- and long-term complication rates and functional outcomes in a substantial cohort of patients undergoing ileal ureter interposition at two high-volume medical centres.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective single-arm analysis was conducted on patients who underwent ureter reconstruction using ileum between 2003 and 2022 at the University Clinic of Cologne and the National Cancer Institute of Ukraine. Data on aetiology, surgical techniques, pre- and postoperative kidney function changes, readmission rates and complication management were collected.

Urothelial cancer: state of art in Ukraine and improvement pathways.

Aim: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of urothelial cancer treatment in Ukraine, utilizing population-based data from the National Cancer Registry. The primary goal is to evaluate trends and approaches to therapy, with a focus on overall survival rates in patients with urothelial tumors.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on the National Cancer Registry, involving 12 698 patients (2008-2020) with urothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract (UTUC) and bladder cancer (BC) who underwent surgical treatment.

Volatilomic profiles of gastric juice in gastric cancer patients.

Volatilomics is a powerful tool capable of providing novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The main objective of this study was to characterize the volatilomic signatures of gastric juice in order to identify potential alterations induced by gastric cancer. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, coupled with headspace solid phase microextraction as the pre-concentration technique, was used to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by gastric juice samples collected from 78 gastric cancer patients and two cohorts of controls (80 and 96 subjects) from four different locations (Latvia, Ukraine, Brazil, and Colombia).

Microbiota substances modulate dendritic cells activity: A critical view.

Contemporary research in the field of microbiota shows that commensal bacteria influence physiological activity of different organs and systems of a human organism, such as brain, lungs, immune and metabolic systems. This influence is realized by various processes. One of them is trough modulation of immune mechanisms.

Human mesenchymal stem cells increase LLC metastasis and stimulate or decelerate tumor development depending on injection method and cell amount.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being injected into the body can stimulate or decelerate carcinogenesis. Here, the direction of influence of human placenta-derived MSCs (P-MSCs) on the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor development and metastatic potential is investigated in C57BL/6 mice depending on the injection method. After intramuscular co-inoculation of LLC and P-MSCs (LLC + P-MSCs), the growth of primary tumor and angiogenesis are slowed down compared to the control LLC on the 15th day.

COMPARISON OF 2D AND 3D PRIMARY CELL CULTURES OBTAINED FROM EXPLANT OF HIGH-GRADE UROTHELIAL BLADDER CANCER.

Unlabelled: Studying the biological characteristics of bladder cancer in primary culture can be an effective way for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, as well as choosing a scheme for personalized therapy.

Aim: To characterize and compare 2D and 3D primary cell cultures obtained from the same tumor sample resected from a patient with high-grade bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: 2D and 3D primary cell cultures were obtained from explants of resected bladder cancer.

Identification of Key Volatile Organic Compounds Released by Gastric Tissues as Potential Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer.

Background: Volatilomics is a powerful tool capable of providing novel biomarkers for medical diagnosis and therapy monitoring. The objective of this study is to identify potential volatile biomarkers of gastric cancer.

Methods: The volatilomic signatures of gastric tissues obtained from two distinct populations were investigated using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection.

Participation of Lower and Upper Middle-Income Countries in Clinical Trials Led by High-Income Countries.

Importance: Many randomized clinical trials (RCTs) led by high-income countries (HICs) now enroll patients from lower middle-income countries (LMICs) and upper middle-income countries (UMICs). Although enrolling diverse populations promotes research collaborations, there are issues regarding which countries participate in RCTs and how this participation may contribute to global research.

Objective: To describe which UMICs and LMICs participate in RCTs led by HICs.

Near-infrared light reduces β-amyloid-stimulated microglial toxicity and enhances survival of neurons: mechanisms of light therapy for Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Low-intensity light can decelerate neurodegenerative disease progression and reduce amyloid β (Aβ) levels in the cortex, though the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which photobiomodulation (PBM) protects against neurodegeneration are still in the early stages. Microglia cells play a key role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease by causing chronic inflammation. We present new results concerning the PBM of both oxidative stress and microglia metabolism associated with the activation of metabolic processes by 808 nm near-infrared light.

Red and near infrared light-stimulated angiogenesis mediated via Ca influx, VEGF production and NO synthesis in endothelial cells in macrophage or malignant environments.

Irradiation with red or near-infrared (NIR) light in low level light therapy (LLLT) is found to stimulate cellular processes and bioenergetics, resulting in enhanced wound healing, pain control, neurodegenerative diseases treatment, etc. During light irradiation of tissues and organs, different cells are affected, though the connection between photostimulation of cells and their environmental conditions remains poorly understood. In this report, red/NIR light-stimulated angiogenesis is investigated using endothelial cells in vitro, with a focus on the capillary-like structure (CLS) formation and the respective biochemical processes in cells under conditions proximate to a healthy or malignant environment, which strongly defines angiogenesis.

Magnetically sensitive nanocomplex enhances antitumor efficacy of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy.

Background: One of the major factors restricting in vivo efficacy of dendritic cells (DCs) based immunotherapy is the inefficient migration of these cells to the lymphoid tissue, wherein DCs activate antigen-specific T cells. A fundamentally new approach for the possibility of enhancing the antitumor effects of DC-based immunotherapy may be the use of magnetically sensitive nanocomplexes to increase the target delivery of DCs to the lymph nodes of the recipient.

Aim: To study the antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of the DC-nanovaccine with magnetosensitive properties and its influence on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in mice with sarcoma 37.

Prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the Baltic states, Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

Background: Prostate cancer incidence varies internationally largely attributable to differences in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) use. The aim of this study was to provide the most recent detailed international epidemiological comparison of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in six north-eastern European countries (Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, the Russian Federation and Ukraine).

Methods: The number of incident prostate cancer cases was obtained from the countries national cancer registries.