Lymphocytic Lymphoma Transforming into Hodgkin Lymphoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Report and Literature Review.

The Hodgkin variant Richter syndrome (HvRS) is an infrequent complication occurring in 1% of lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. We report a case of HvRS diagnosed in Sub-Saharan Africa. A 63-year-old patient was consulted for the investigation of an abdominal mass that had been evolving for 5 years prior to admission.

Morbidity and Mortality Associated with COVID-19 and Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease Patients.

SUMMARYCOVID-19 infection has emerged as a comorbidity that can significantly increase morbidity and mortality in sickle cell patients with ACS (acute thoracic/chest syndrome). The aim of our study was to assess COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality in sickle cell patients with ACS. This was a retrospective, descriptive study of patient records followed over a 36-month period from January 2020 to December 2022.

Transfusion safety: Is there a difference between reported reactions in low-to-middle income and high-income countries?

Background And Objectives: Transfusion safety may be becoming dependent on the financial resources made available for transfusion structures and may vary between high-income countries (HIC) and low-to-middle-income countries (LMIC). To assess whether there is a difference in the reported TR between these two groups of countries, we examined TR reported in Tunis the capital of Tunisia, a LMIC, and compared their frequency with reported TR in HIC.

Materials And Methods: Data of TR were collected from transfusion incident report (TIR) forms declared by healthcare facilities in Tunis between 2015 and 2019.

Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease after Age of 40: Follow-Up of a Cohort of 209 Patients in Senegal, West Africa.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the morbidity and mortality of homozygous sickle cell disease after the age of 40.

Methods: This was a cohort study of 209 patients followed from 1994 to 2022. All hemoglobin electrophoresis-confirmed SS sickle cell patients over 40 years were included.

The World Federation of Hemophilia World Bleeding Disorders Registry: insights from the first 10,000 patients.

Background: The prevalence of hemophilia varies globally, with close to 100% of patients diagnosed in high-income countries and as low as 12% diagnosed in lower-income countries. These inequalities in the care of people with hemophilia exist across various care indicators.

Objectives: This analysis aims to describe the clinical care outcomes of patients in the World Bleeding Disorders Registry (WBDR).

Current Resistance of HIV-1 Strains Isolated in Volunteer Blood Donors in Gabon.

Detection of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and HIV-1 subtypes ensures effective therapeutic management for HIV-infected individuals. In Gabon, data on DRMs are very little available in the population of people living with HIV and also among voluntary HIV-positive blood donors. This study aimed to study subtypes and DRMs in HIV-1-positive volunteer blood donors in Gabon.

Challenges associated with access to plasma-derived medicinal products in low middle-income and low-income countries.

Background And Objectives: Plasma-derived medicinal products (PDMPs) are essential to treat many chronic conditions such as haemophilia and primary immunodeficiency. Patients living in low middle-income and low-income countries (LMICs and LICs, respectively) have limited access to PDMPs. The aim of this article is to explore the challenges of accessing PDMPs in LMICs and LICs.

Diversity of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 alleles and haplotypes in Kazakhstani Tatar population and genetic relatedness to other populations.

Background: Kazakhstan is a transcontinental former Soviet Union republic whose present-day population comprises more than 100 ethnic groups. Insofar as Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genotyping is useful for anthropological studies, data on the HLA profile of Kazakhstani Tatars are lacking.

Objective: We extend our earlier findings on the unique HLA profile of distinct Kazakhstani populations by examining HLA class I and class II loci in Kazakhstani (Volga) Tatar minority population and its relatedness to those of bordering and worldwide communities.

TH1/TH2 repolarization in induction of immune tolerance to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during the management of sickle cell disease vaso-occlusive crisis.

Respiratory manifestations related to the intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during the treatment of the painful vaso-occlusive crisis of sickle cell disease are either a type I hypersensitivity mechanism of the Gell and Coombs classification, or a pharmacological mechanism of NSAIDs. The use of NSAIDs is essential in the Abidjan school because of the absence of therapeutic alternatives in the management of the inflammatory crisis of this disease. The induction of tolerance to NSAIDs initiated by the authors has had clear clinical success.

The 2022 West Nile Virus Season in Greece; A Quite Intense Season.

Since 2010, the West Nile virus (WNV) has been established in Greece. We describe the epidemiology of diagnosed human WNV infections in Greece with a focus on the 2022 season. During the transmission period, clinicians were sending samples from suspected cases for testing.

Analysis of the Origin of Emiratis as Inferred from a Family Study Based on , , , -, and Genes.

Unlabelled: In this study, we investigated HLA class I and class II allele and haplotype frequencies in Emiratis and compared them to those of Asian, Mediterranean, and Sub-Saharan African populations.

Methods: Two-hundred unrelated Emirati parents of patients selected for bone marrow transplantation were genotyped for HLA class I (, , ) and class II (, ) genes using reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide bead-based multiplexing. HLA haplotypes were assigned with certainty by segregation (pedigree) analysis, and haplotype frequencies were obtained by direct counting.

Design, development and usability of an educational AI chatbot for People with Haemophilia in Senegal.

Introduction: Gaps in the disease knowledge of People with Haemophilia (PWH) in Senegal are important barriers to the effective management of haemophilia. Digital health systems for chronic diseases in low- and middle-income countries are suggested to improve education and self-management. Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots could improve knowledge and support symptom monitoring.

Evaluation of knowledge of priapism in sickle cell patients in Senegal.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction is a dreadful complication of priapism especially with delay in diagnosis and management. The lack of awareness of priapism as a vaso-occlusive complication of sickle cell disease (SCD) is more concerning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the burden of priapism in adult Senegalese males adults with sickle cell disease.

Extended red blood cell antigens and phenotypes in Burkina Faso: potential issues to design local population-sourced red blood cell reagent panels.

To date, 43 blood group systems with 349 red blood cell (RBC) antigens have been recognized. The study of their distribution is useful for blood services to improve their supply strategies for providing blood of rare phenotypes, but also to design indigenous RBC panels for alloantibody screening and identification. In Burkina Faso, the distribution of extended blood group antigens is not known.

Genetic diversity of the human immunodeficiency virus of type 1 in Gabonese transfusional settings.

Background: The high endemicity of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) in sub-Saharan Africa is a real public health problem. To reduce the risk of HIV transmission through blood donation, the NBTC of Gabon has launched in recent years a reorganization of its blood transfusion system. This study aims to characterize the molecular strains of HIV-1 circulating in donors and to estimate the risk of viral transmission.

Are IL-1 family cytokines important in management of sickle cell disease in Sub-Saharan Africa patients?

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common genetic disease found in Africa and throughout the world. It is responsible for a high rate of hemolysis, systemic inflammation, and modulation of the immune system with the involvement of immunological molecules, such as cytokines. IL-1β is a major inflammatory cytokine.

Prevalence and specificity of red blood cell antibodies in patients transfused in tertiary hospitals in Burkina Faso.

Background: Sub-Saharan African countries face the challenge of immunological transfusion safety that puts many patients at risk of post-transfusion hemolytic reactions. This is because pre-transfusion testing for irregular/unexpected antibodies that helps to prevent these risks are neither universally available nor accessible. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of red blood cell alloantibodies and their specificity in patients transfused in Burkina Faso.

Assessment of the Association of Chlamydia e pneumoniae Infection with Lung Cancer in a Moroccan Patients' Cohort.

Background: Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) is a respiratory pathogen associated with chronic inflammatory and its detection in human lung cancer suggests its involvement in cancerogenesis. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between C.