sp. nov. (Fungi: Orbiliales) from Mexico: Predatory Activity and Nematocidal Activity of Its Liquid Culture Filtrates Against (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae).

During the isolation, identification, and assessment of nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) against nematodes, we discovered an unusual fungus in decaying wood from Morelos State, Mexico. This isolate exhibited some characteristics similar to those of the genus; however, we found that it did not match any previously reported species within this genus after conducting morphological and phylogenetic analyses using the ITS, TEF, and RPB2 regions. This new species displays conidiophores with two or three stems emerging from the same initial site and conidiophores with only a single stem and aerial thickened hyphae from which single conidiophores emerge, forming 3D adhesive nets.

Impact of dementia and mild cognitive impairment on bone health in older people.

Mild cognitive impairment, dementia and osteoporosis are common diseases of ageing and, with the increasingly ageing global population, are increasing in prevalence. These conditions are closely associated, with shared risk factors, common underlying biological mechanisms and potential direct causal pathways. In this review, the epidemiological and mechanistic links between mild cognitive impairment, dementia and skeletal health are explored.

Decellularization of human iliac artery: A vascular scaffold for peripheral repairs with human mesenchymal cells.

This work presents strong evidence supporting the use of decellularized human iliac arteries combined with adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) as a promising alternative for vascular tissue engineering, opening the path to future treatments for peripheral artery disease (PAD). PAD is a progressive condition with high rates of amputation and mortality due to ischemic damage and limited graft options. Traditional synthetic grafts often fail due to poor integration, while autologous grafts may be unsuitable for patients with compromised vascular health.

Effect of the Freeze-Drying Preservation Process on Some Quality Attributes of Pork Meat ().

Meat preservation processes have been widely studied over time, especially those related to low temperatures (freezing and freeze-drying); however, there is very little research that directly relates the effect of these processes on the structure of meat-and the main meat proteins-and how these changes affect some attributes of the final quality. Pork loin meat () was used, which was frozen-thawed and freeze-dried-rehydrated to subsequently evaluate changes in its chemical composition and physicochemical parameters such as water activity ( ), pH, and water-holding capacity. Physical aspects such as color profile, surface myoglobin fraction, shear force, and histological sections were also evaluated, along with thermal analysis by modulated differential scanning calorimetry.

Design and evaluation of a multi-epitope HIV-1 vaccine based on human parvovirus virus-like particles.

The development of a protective HIV vaccine remains a challenge given the high antigenic diversity and mutational rate of the virus, which leads to viral escape and establishment of reservoirs in the host. Modern antigen design can guide immune responses towards conserved sites, consensus sequences or normally subdominant epitopes, thus enabling the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional lymphocyte responses. Conventional epitope vaccines can often be impaired by low immunogenicity, a limitation that may be overcome by using a carrier system.

Cryogel Addition Effect on Ultrasound-Assisted Thawing of Pork Meat.

The use of new technologies that allow for improving conventional food preservation processes is what the industry has been adopting in recent decades, with high-intensity ultrasound (US) and the application of cryoprotectant agents (cryogels) being those that have become more relevant today. For this reason, in this study, cuts of pork frozen in liquid nitrogen with and without waxy starch cryogel and thawed under controlled conditions in water immersion and with US were used, evaluating thermal parameters such as the initial zone and the melting rate of ice crystals and quality parameters such as pH, water holding capacity (WHC), microstructure, color profile, shear force, and surface changes. It was shown that the addition of cryogel modifies the initial fusion zone, that US-assisted thawing increases the fusion rate, and that both factors influence the quality parameters.

Neutrophil NADPH oxidase promotes bacterial eradication and regulates NF-κB-Mediated inflammation via NRF2 signaling during urinary tract infections.

The precise role of neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) in combating bacterial uropathogens during urinary tract infections (UTI) remains largely unexplored. In this study, we elucidate the antimicrobial significance of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-derived ROS, as opposed to mitochondrial ROS, in facilitating neutrophil-mediated eradication of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the primary causative agent of UTI. Furthermore, NOX2-derived ROS regulates NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses in neutrophils against UPEC by inducing the release of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) from its inhibitor, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1).

Model organisms for investigating the functional involvement of NRF2 in non-communicable diseases.

Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) are most commonly characterized by age-related loss of homeostasis and/or by cumulative exposures to environmental factors, which lead to low-grade sustained generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), chronic inflammation and metabolic imbalance. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) is a basic leucine-zipper transcription factor that regulates the cellular redox homeostasis. NRF2 controls the expression of more than 250 human genes that share in their regulatory regions a cis-acting enhancer termed the antioxidant response element (ARE).

Experimental and theoretical approaches to unveil the interaction mechanisms of carbon dots with 4-nitrophenol.

Developing a non-toxic, cost-effective, biocompatible, selective, and sensitive optical sensor for the optical detection of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) has been challenging yet significant. Among carbon-based materials, the selectivity of carbon dots toward 4-NP is a key area of research, and a comprehensive understanding is crucial to broaden its practical application. Our unique contribution to this field involves synthesizing and testing different N-doped carbon dots (CDs) for selective 4-NP detection through absorbance and photoluminescence.

Gut Microbiota: Association with Fiber Intake, Ultra-Processed Food Consumption, Sex, Body Mass Index, and Socioeconomic Status in Medical Students.

Unlabelled: The gut microbiota plays a vital role in various physical and physiological processes, including immune system regulation, neurotransmitter production, inflammatory response modulation, and the inhibition of pathogenic organisms. An imbalance in the microbial community, known as dysbiosis, has been associated with numerous health issues. Biological influences, health behaviors, socioeconomic determinants, and nutritional status can disrupt this balance.

Nanobiotechnology for efficient plum pox virus elimination from apricot plants.

Metallic nanoparticles have antimicrobial, virucidal, and anticancer activities and have been widely applied in medicine. In plants, silver nanoparticles have been used as preventive treatments in the greenhouse to reduce viral titers and symptoms. This work investigates the effect of Argovit™ AgNP formulation on apricot plants infected with Plum pox virus or with Hop stunt viroid.

Role of Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the exacerbated facial response to mechanical stimuli as a sign of early orofacial neuropathic pain.

The study of orofacial neuropathic pain necessitates the use of innovative assessment techniques, such as the facial expression of pain, which mirrors the internal state of the animals and could be utilized to identify the neural correlations involved. The Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) is a crucial center in the processing of sensory and affective components of acute and neuropathic pain. However, its role in the facial response to pain remains a mystery.

MIBiG 4.0: advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration.

Specialized or secondary metabolites are small molecules of biological origin, often showing potent biological activities with applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine. Usually, the biosynthesis of these natural products is governed by sets of co-regulated and physically clustered genes known as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). To share information about BGCs in a standardized and machine-readable way, the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard and repository was initiated in 2015.

Mangrove preservation could have significantly reduced damages from Hurricane Otis on the coast of Guerrero, Mexico.

Mangroves play a crucial role in protecting coastal regions from the destructive forces of hurricanes. This is especially important in densely urbanized and highly developed regions such as Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico, which was severely impacted on October 25th, 2023 by Hurricane Otis, the strongest hurricane ever recorded to make landfall on Mexico's Pacific coast . However, widespread mangrove deforestation, driven by urban and tourism expansion, has diminished this natural protection.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Roasted Green Tea: Applications in Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels for Bone Regeneration.

The incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into alginate-gelatin (Alg-Gel) hydrogels can enhance the properties of these materials for bone regeneration applications, due to the antimicrobial properties of AgNPs and non-cytotoxic concentrations, osteoinductive properties, and regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Here, the hydrogel formulation included 2% (/) sodium alginate, 4 µg/mL AgNPs, and 2.5% (/) gelatin.

The methodological quality of clinical trials of physical therapy for low back pain varies between countries with different income levels. A meta-epidemiological study.

Background: Low back pain is a severe global health problem. To face this issue, testing interventions using rigorously performed randomized controlled trials is essential. However, it is unclear if a country's income level is related to the quality of trials conducted.

Olfactory Epithelium Infection by SARS-CoV-2: Possible Neuroinflammatory Consequences of COVID-19.

Background: The loss of smell is a typical diagnostic symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This sensorial deprivation may be expressed as quantitative (anosmia or hyposmia) or qualitative (dysosmia) alterations as a consequence of anatomical disturbances of the nasal epithelium structure. The olfactory system sends direct neuronal connections to brain structures that are involved in emotional processing, including deep temporal nuclei.

Prevalence and severity of dental caries using ICDAS in predicting treatment needs in Mexican school-age children.

Evaluate the prevalence and severity of caries in permanent teeth and their association with the treatment needs of 8-12-year-old Mexican schoolchildren. The cross-sectional study was conducted on 1139 8-12-year-old schoolchildren attending two public primary schools in State of Mexico. The study used the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) to examine the prevalence of caries and identify treatment needs in schoolchildren.

Replacement of the main bile duct by bioprosthesis in an experimental porcine model (24-month results).

Background: Cholecystectomy for conditions like iatrogenic injury during cholecystectomy can lead to complications such as bile duct injuries, necessitating alternative options like bioprosthesis.

Methods: This study evaluated a bioprosthesis's efficacy in maintaining bile duct continuity over 24 months in 16 male pigs.

Results: The bioprosthesis was implanted in the common bile duct of three-month-old animals, with follow-ups at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.

A systematic review of the implications of lipocalin-2 expression in periodontal disease.

Objective: Evidence suggests that lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), a bone-derived protein, is upregulated in periodontal diseases. This systematic review aimed to evaluate LCN-2 concentrations in individuals with periodontal diseases, identifying the most suitable body fluids for its detection, the type of periodontal disease with the highest LCN-2 expression, its association with other inflammatory markers and systemic diseases, and whether its expression can be modified by periodontal treatment.

Methods: A systematic search of Google Scholar, PubMed, and ProQuest up to August 2024 was conducted.

Seasonal Differences of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Children and Adolescents from Mexico City and Metropolitan Area.

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with bone metabolism and immune disorders. Radiation's seasonal variation affects vitamin D status more at the poles. In Mexico, near the equator, there have been reports of 10-20% vitamin D deficiency in children.

Assessment of pig welfare at slaughterhouse level: A systematic review of animal-based indicators suitable for inclusion in monitoring protocols.

Pig welfare constitutes a strategic pillar of sustainability within the pork industry. Consequently, there is a need to identify, develop and/or validate indicators for assessing pig wellbeing under commercial conditions. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines identified 95 pig welfare indicators (PWIs) categorized into physiological, behavioral, health and post-mortem, and product quality.

A machine learning approach for the design optimization of a multiple magnetic and inertial sensors wearable system for the spine mobility assessment.

Background: Recently, magnetic and inertial measurement units (MIMU) based systems have been applied in the spine mobility assessment; this evaluation is essential in the clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment evaluation. The available systems are limited in the number of sensors, and neither develops a methodology for the correct placement of the sensors, seeking the relevant mobility information of the spine.

Methods: This work presents a methodology for analyzing a system consisting of sixteen MIMUs to reduce the amount of information and obtain an optimal configuration that allows distinguishing between different body postures in a movement.