Moving Beyond Desensitization to Tolerance in Food Allergy.

Management of IgE-mediated food allergy is shifting from reactive management strategies (allergen avoidance and ready access to autoinjectable epinephrine in case of exposure) to proactive therapies. These therapies are in various stages of clinical development and implementation; the two main approaches include allergen-specific or active therapies (induce the immune system to produce a protective response to the allergen; eg, Food and Drug Administration-approved AR101/Palforzia (peanut [Arachis hypogaea] Allergen Powder-dnfp; PTAH, also known as AR101) (Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc., Brisbane, CA) for peanut allergy), and allergen-agnostic, passive therapies (provide the body with the tools needed to suppress immediate hypersensitivity reactions in a nonspecific manner; eg, Food and Drug Administration-approved omalizumab).

Prolonged versus single dose in penicillin oral challenge testing: protocols for a pilot and definitive randomised controlled trial (PROSPECTOR studies).

Introduction: Penicillin allergy labels (PALs) are reported in 1 in 10 hospitalised patients globally and associated with inferior patient, hospital and microbiological outcomes; however, the majority are incorrect and should be removed. Direct oral penicillin challenge has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective method for the removal of PALs. However, the question of whether a single dose is sufficient to ascertain true allergy status remains unanswered, with some studies suggesting that extended challenges of 3 or more days are superior for the exclusion of delayed immune reactions.

Efficacy and Safety of Epicutaneous Immunotherapy in Peanut-Allergic Toddlers: Open-Label Extension to EPITOPE.

Background: The pivotal phase 3 EPITOPE trial, a 12-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of epicutaneous immunotherapy with the VIASKIN® patch containing 250 μg peanut protein (VP250) previously reported significant treatment response vs placebo in peanut-allergic toddlers aged 1-through-3 years.

Objective: To assess interim efficacy and safety of VP250 from the first year of the EPITOPE open-label extension (OLE) study.

Methods: Eligible participants enrolled in the OLE study for up to 3 years of total treatment with annual double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) and safety assessments; here we report the first year OLE (Year 2) results.

Omalizumab with allergen immunotherapy in respiratory & food allergy.

Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease modifying treatment option for patient with IgE mediated allergic disorder. Conventional subcutaneous immunotherapy is associated with adverse events during build-up and maintenance phase but cluster allergen immunotherapy with monoclonal anti-IgE antibody (omalizumab) has complementary and synergistic effect. Omalizumab plus AIT can significantly enhance the efficacy, safety, and steroid-sparing effect of AIT by increasing target maintenance dose (TMD) and sustained unresponsiveness (SU) to allergen while decreasing the adverse events and severe systemic reactions.

Stinging Ant Anaphylaxis: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.

Stinging ants represent a wide range of over 200 different species across the world, of which Solenopsis, Myrmecia, Pogonomyrmex, and Brachyponera genera account for a substantial economic and healthcare burden. S. invicta (red imported fire ant [IFA]) and M.

The Human Health Impacts of the Red Imported Fire Ant in the Western Pacific Region Context: A Narrative Review.

The red imported fire ant (RIFA) is one of the world's most destructive invasive species. RIFA stings are painful and can lead to allergic reactions, including life-threatening anaphylaxis, yet health impacts remain inadequately defined. We searched MEDLINE (Ovid) and Google Scholar (grey literature) from inception until 20 September 2023 for articles in English using search terms related to red imported fire ants and allergies, including anaphylaxis.

Associations between gender and health-related quality of life in people with IgE-mediated food allergy and their caregivers: A systematic review.

Objective: Understanding factors that impact health-related quality of life (HRQL) is essential to inform personalised food allergy management. However, there are inconsistencies about the impact of gender on HRQL in food allergy. This review aimed to collate all investigations of the association between gender and total or subdomain HRQL scores of individuals with food allergy and their caregivers.

Low-risk penicillin allergy delabeling: a scoping review of direct oral challenge practice, implementation, and multi-disciplinary approaches.

Introduction: Penicillin allergy is common, and there is increased clinician interest in direct oral challenge (DOC) as a testing strategy for low-risk penicillin allergy. To aid wider implementation of DOC, consensus definitions of low-risk penicillin allergy phenotypes, and standardized approaches to assessment, DOC procedures, and evaluation, are required.

Areas Covered: This review systematically reviews studies that have utilized penicillin DOC in healthcare settings to identify heterogeneity in implementation approaches and synthesize low-risk definitions, procedures, and evaluation.

European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA): results with the European baseline series, 2013/14.

Background: Contact allergy is a common condition and can severely interfere with daily life or professional activities. Due to changes in exposures, such as introduction of new substances, new products or formulations and regulatory intervention, the spectrum of contact sensitization changes.

Objective: To evaluate the current spectrum of contact allergy to allergens present in the European baseline series (EBS) across Europe.

Lack of detectable allergenicity in genetically modified maize containing "Cry" proteins as compared to native maize based on in silico & in vitro analysis.

Background: Genetically modified, (GM) crops with potential allergens must be evaluated for safety and endogenous IgE binding pattern compared to native variety, prior to market release.

Objective: To compare endogenous IgE binding proteins of three GM maize seeds containing Cry 1Ab,1Ac,1C transgenic proteins with non GM maize.

Methods: An integrated approach of in silico & in vitro methods was employed.