Raw and Fermented Alfalfa Brown Juice Induces Changes in the Germination and Development of French Marigold ( L.) Plants.

Organic and ecological farming programs require new and efficient biostimulants with beneficial properties for the sustainable and safe production of seedlings and ornamental plants. We examined the effect of non-fermented and lacto-fermented alfalfa brown juice (BJ) on seed germination and the vegetative, physiological, and anatomical properties of French marigold ( L. 'Csemő') plants which were treated with 0.

Potential of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by ZX as Biological Fumigants to Control Citrus Green Mold Decay at Postharvest.

In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were generated by ZX with incubation in nutrient broth (NB), on NA (NB with agar), and on healthy orange fruits, and pure individual components of VOCs were used to manage citrus green mold infected by . At a concentration of 1 × 10 cfu/mL, the VOCs from antagonist-containing NA plates inhibited conidial germination and mycelial growth by about 60%, while the VOCs from bacterial fluid exhibited approximately 75% inhibitory effect. Biofumigation by VOCs significantly reduced the disease index, with a higher biocontrol efficacy by VOCs from bacterial fluid (about 51%) than from antagonist-containing NA plates (around 40%) or from antagonist-infested fruit (approximately 24%).

Asthmatic Disease as an Underlying Cause of Dorsal Displacement of the Soft Palate in Horses.

It is important to treat the upper and lower respiratory tracts as a single unit, as lower respiratory tract diseases can often cause upper respiratory functional disorders, whereas upper respiratory obstructions could be a factor in lower respiratory problems. The present study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that asthmatic diseases may be an underlying cause of dorsal displacement of the soft palate in horses. Pleasure or sport horses (n = 57) with a history of asthmatic disease were incorporated in the study.

Effects of Single and Repeated Oral Doses of Ochratoxin A on the Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Mouse Kidneys.

Ochratoxin-A (OTA) is a carcinogenic and nephrotoxic mycotoxin, which may cause health problems in humans and animals, and it is a contaminant in foods and feeds. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effect of oral OTA exposure on the antioxidant defense and lipid peroxidation in the kidney. In vivo administration of OTA in CD1, male mice (1 or 10 mg/kg body weight in a single oral dose for 24 h and repeated daily oral dose for 72 h or repeated daily oral dose of 0.

Mining the red deer genome (CerEla1.0) to develop X-and Y-chromosome-linked STR markers.

Microsatellites are widely applied in population and forensic genetics, wildlife studies and parentage testing in animal breeding, among others, and recently, high-throughput sequencing technologies have greatly facilitated the identification of microsatellite markers. In this study the genomic data of Cervus elaphus (CerEla1.0) was exploited, in order to identify microsatellite loci along the red deer genome and for designing the cognate primers.

Plasma activated water triggers plant defence responses.

Nowadays, one of the main challenges is moving towards an eco-sustainable agriculture, able to preserve the food production through a reduced use of pesticides. Current global food sustenance by intensive agriculture is mainly based on economic crop monocultures and drastically reduces the biodiversity, increasing the yield losses due to the presence of biotic and abiotic stresses. A technology based on plasma activated water (PAW), characterized by the presence in liquid of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, was tested to try to ensure yield stability also enhancing the plant resistance responses and to promote an eco-sustainable management of plant diseases.

Evaluation of Organic Wastes as Substrates for Rearing , , and Larvae as Alternative Feed Supplements.

Studies have focused on identifying combinations of insects and organic waste to optimise bio-conversion. Here, the effects of different diets (10% chicken feed complemented with 90% vegetable waste, garden waste, cattle manure, or horse manure) on growth and survival rates, and nutritional value of and larvae, and were investigated. Compared with chicken feed, organic waste decreased the individual larval weight, although green waste showed fewer negative effects than the manure.

The Administration Matrix Modifies the Beneficial Properties of a Probiotic Mix of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5.

Consumption of dairy products is one of the most natural ways to introduce probiotics. However, the beneficial effects of the probiotics might depend on the administration form. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial properties of two probiotic strains: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.

Genetic Structure and Relationships among Wild and Cultivated Grapevines from Central Europe and Part of the Western Balkan Peninsula.

The genetic diversity and relationship between wild ( L. subsp. (Gmel.

Evaluation of a commercial intravaginal thermometer to predict calving in a Hungarian Holstein-Friesian dairy farm.

In this study, the utility of a commercial intravaginal thermometer was evaluated as an automated method for the prediction of calving in a total of 257 healthy pregnant Holstein-Friesian female cattle. The accuracy and the sensitivity of predicting calving within 48 hr before calving were also evaluated. The intravaginal temperature changes from 72 hr before and up to calving were significantly (p ≤ .

A new strain group of common carp: The genetic differences and admixture events between breeds.

Common carp () has an outstanding economic importance in freshwater aquaculture due to its high adaptive capacity to both food and environment. In fact, it is the third most farmed fish species worldwide according to the Food and Agriculture Organization. More than four million tons of common carp are produced annually in aquaculture, and more than a hundred thousand tons are caught from the wild.

KFY02 enhances the relieving effect of gardenoside on montmorillonite induced constipation in mice.

KFY02 (KFY02), isolated from naturally fermented milk yoghurt in Korla, Xinjiang, Northwest of China, showed gardenoside action for the intestinal regulation of constipated mice. Comparatively, the effects of KFY02 (0.5 × 10 CFU kg, by body weight (BW)), gardenoside (50 mg kg, BW), and KFY02 (0.

ChIPSummitDB: a ChIP-seq-based database of human transcription factor binding sites and the topological arrangements of the proteins bound to them.

ChIP-seq reveals genomic regions where proteins, e.g. transcription factors (TFs) interact with DNA.

Suppression of NB-LRR genes by miRNAs promotes nitrogen-fixing nodule development in Medicago truncatula.

Plant genomes contain two major classes of innate immune receptors to recognize different pathogens. The pattern recognition receptors perceive conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns and the resistance genes with nucleotide-binding (NB) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains recognize specific pathogen effectors. The precise regulation of resistance genes is important since the unregulated expression of NB-LRR genes can inhibit growth and may result in autoimmunity in the absence of pathogen infection.

Effects of dietary butyrate supplementation and crude protein level on carcass traits and meat composition of broiler chickens.

The short-chain fatty acid butyrate, either in unprotected or protected form, is widely applied as a growth-promoting feed additive in poultry nutrition; however, its possible effects on the carcass composition of broilers have not been fully elucidated. Further, lowering dietary crude protein (CP) levels is an important issue in poultry farming, contributing to ecologically beneficial lower nitrogen excretion. The main aims of this study were to test how unprotected and protected forms of butyrate and decreased dietary CP content with essential amino acid (lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan) supplementation ("LP-EAA" diet) affect carcass parameters and the chemical composition of muscles in broilers.

Molecular characterization and In Vitro synthesis of infectious RNA of a Turnip vein-clearing virus isolated from Alliaria petiolata in Hungary.

A tobamovirus was isolated from leaves of Alliaria petiolata plants, showing vein-clearing, interveinal chlorosis, and moderate deformation. Host range experiments revealed a high similarity of isolate ApH both to ribgrass mosaic viruses and turnip vein-clearing viruses. The complete nucleotide sequence of the viral genome was determined.

Potential modes of action of Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX during biocontrol of blue mold decay on postharvest citrus.

Background: The application of chemical fungicides is currently the main method for the control of postharvest decay of fruits and vegetables. However, public concern has been growing towards the effect of fungicides on food safety, human health and environmental pollution. Thus, interest in microbial biocontrol agent development has grown, such agents being considered both safe and environmentally friendly.

Geographic isolation and climatic variability contribute to genetic differentiation in fragmented populations of the long-lived subalpine conifer Pinus cembra L. in the western Alps.

Background: Genetic processes shape the modern-day distribution of genetic variation within and between populations and can provide important insights into the underlying mechanisms of evolution. The resulting genetic variation is often unequally partitioned within species' distribution range and especially large differences can manifest at the range limit, where population fragmentation and isolation play a crucial role in species survival. Despite several molecular studies investigating the genetic diversity and differentiation of European Alpine mountain forests, the climatic and demographic constrains which influence the genetic processes are often unknown.

Protective effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC04 on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice is associated with modulation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.

Colitis severely affects the quality of life of patients, and lactic acid bacteria have been reported to be able to improve or treat colitis. In this study, we selected a strain of Lactobacillus fermentum (CQPC04) with good resistance in vitro to evaluate its effect on improvement in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. We analyzed the effects of L.

Enhancement of chicken primordial germ cell in vitro maintenance using an automated cell image analyser.

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) were isolated from blood samples of chicken embryos. We established four PGC lines: two males (FS-ZZ-101, GFP-ZZ-4ZP) and two females (FS-ZW-111, GFP-ZW-5ZP). We could not detect a significant difference in the marker expression profile, but there was a remarkable difference between the proliferation rates of these PGC lines.

Complex hybridization patterns in European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) in the Pyrenean Region.

Hybrid zones are natural laboratories allowing insights in genetic processes like lineage diversification, speciation and introgression. Using large sampling, 15 microsatellite loci and a mitochondrial marker, we examined the Pyrenean contact zone of three pond turtle taxa (Emys orbicularis orbicularis, E. o.

Is twin pregnancy, calving and pregnancy loss predictable by serum pregnancy-specific protein b (pspb) concentration 28-35 days after ai in dairy cows?

Double ovulation occurs more frequently in multiparous cows with high milk production than in primiparous cows and the rate of twin pregnancy/calving is increasing worldwide. Diagnosis of twin pregnancy is possible by ultrasound at the time of early pregnancy examination [28-34 days after artificial insemination (AI)]. Pregnancy proteins are also well-known indicators of gestation.

Assessment of equine alpha-fetoprotein levels in mares and newborn foals in the periparturient period.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is best known in human obstetrics for its association with fetal anomalies recognized in the 1970s. Although this fetal protein had been shown to be present in the sera of many mammalian species, its possible diagnostic role in the detection of abnormalities was evaluated only later, when a research laboratory published variable levels of AFP in different groups of mares with pregnancy problems (twins, conception failure, placentitis, embryonic loss), and subsequently differences were demonstrated in its serum levels between aborted and healthy mares. In this study, peri- and intrapartal AFP levels were measured in maternal serum, amniotic fluid, neonatal blood, and umbilical blood samples.

Virus Detection by High-Throughput Sequencing of Small RNAs: Large-Scale Performance Testing of Sequence Analysis Strategies.

Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing (HTS), also called next-generation sequencing (NGS), technologies and bioinformatics have drastically changed research on viral pathogens and spurred growing interest in the field of virus diagnostics. However, the reliability of HTS-based virus detection protocols must be evaluated before adopting them for diagnostics. Many different bioinformatics algorithms aimed at detecting viruses in HTS data have been reported but little attention has been paid thus far to their sensitivity and reliability for diagnostic purposes.