Comparison of Post-Radical Cystectomy Renal Function and Ileal Conduit-Related Complications Between Extracorporeal and Robot-Assisted Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion: A Single-Center Experience.

Introduction: Limited evidence exists regarding differences in post-operative renal function and ileal conduit-related complications, including ureteroenteric anastomotic stricture (UAS) and parastomal hernia (PH), between radical cystectomy (RC) with extracorporeal urinary diversion (ECUD) and robot-assisted RC with intracorporeal UD (ICUD).

Methods: We retrospectively collected the baseline and post-RC follow-up data from 179 patients receiving RC with ileal conduit UD (152 ECUD and 27 ICUD). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min/1.

The association between late-phase early recurrence within the blanking period after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation and long-term recurrence: Insights from a large-scale multicenter study.

Background: The relationship between the timing of the first early recurrence and late recurrence after a single catheter ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation is controversial.

Methods: The Efficacy of Short-Term Use of Antiarrhythmic Drugs After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation trial followed 2038 patients who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Results: Of the patients, 907 (45%) had early recurrences within 90 days after the initial ablation.

A pathological complete response by chemotherapy with S-1 and oxaliplatin for a locally advanced duodenal adenocarcinoma in Lynch syndrome: a case report.

Background: Although primary duodenal adenocarcinoma (DA) is a rare malignancy representing ~ 0.5% of all gastrointestinal cancers, the incidence of DA is more frequent in Lynch syndrome. Because of its rarity, treatment strategies or optimal chemotherapeutic regimens have not been clearly defined for advanced DA.

Effectiveness of antiemetic triplet therapy with aprepitant, palonosetron, and dexamethasone for gynecologic cancer patients receiving carboplatin and paclitaxel: a prospective single-arm study.

Purpose: There is no positive evidence for the efficacy of antiemetic triplet therapy with aprepitant (APR), palonosetron (PALO), and dexamethasone (DEX) for moderate emetogenic chemotherapy, especially for gynecologic malignancies. Thus, the present study evaluated the efficacy of this triplet therapy in patients receiving carboplatin and paclitaxel (CP) for gynecologic malignancy.

Methods: Seventy patients with gynecologic cancer receiving CP were enrolled into a prospective single-arm study with APR (125 mg on day 1, 80 mg on days 2-3), PALO (0.

Low-Dose Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 10-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The long-term efficacy and safety of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are still inconclusive.

Methods: The JPAD trial (Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis With Aspirin for Diabetes) was a randomized, open-label, standard care-controlled trial examining whether low-dose aspirin affected cardiovascular events in 2539 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and without preexisting cardiovascular disease. Patients were randomly allocated to receive aspirin (81 or 100 mg daily; aspirin group) or no aspirin (no-aspirin group) in the JPAD trial.

Indications and outcomes of excimer laser coronary atherectomy: Efficacy and safety for thrombotic lesions-The ULTRAMAN registry.

Background: Excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) recently became available in Japan, but ELCA's effectiveness and safety are not clear.

Methods And Results: We enrolled consecutive patients who underwent ELCA and were registered in the Utility of Laser for Transcatheter Atherectomy-Multicenter Analysis around Naniwa (ULTRAMAN) registry comprising six Japanese medical centers around Naniwa in Japan with patients registered from April 2006 to June 2015. We evaluated the catheter sizes used and compared the success rate, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow, blush score, and complications between the rich-thrombus (RT) group [acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and saphenous vein graft (SVG)] and the poor-thrombus (PT) group [in-stent restenosis (ISR), chronic total occlusion (CTO), calcification, and long or bifurcation (L&B) lesions].

Efficacy of alogliptin in preventing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide and is characterized by chronic liver inflammation and fibrosis leading to cirrhosis and increased risk of liver cancer in a proportion of patients. Effective anti-fibrotic agents have yet to be approved for the treatment of NAFLD. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4-I) in the prevention of NAFLD progression in NAFLD patients with type 2 diabetes.

Efficacy of Antiarrhythmic Drugs Short-Term Use After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation (EAST-AF) trial.

Aims: Substantial portion of early arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is considered to be due to irritability in left atrium (LA) from the ablation procedure. We sought to evaluate whether 90-day use of antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) following AF ablation could reduce the incidence of early arrhythmia recurrence and thereby promote reverse remodelling of LA, leading to improved long-term clinical outcomes.

Methods And Results: A total of 2038 patients who had undergone radiofrequency catheter ablation for paroxysmal, persistent, or long-lasting AF were randomly assigned to either 90-day use of Vaughan Williams class I or III AAD (1016 patients) or control (1022 patients) group.

Adenosine triphosphate-guided pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation: the UNmasking Dormant Electrical Reconduction by Adenosine TriPhosphate (UNDER-ATP) trial.

Aims: Most of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF) are due to reconnection of PVs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether elimination of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced dormant PV conduction by additional energy applications during the first ablation procedure could reduce the incidence of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias.

Methods And Results: We randomly assigned 2113 patients with paroxysmal, persistent, or long-lasting AF to either ATP-guided PVI (1112 patients) or conventional PVI (1001 patients).

Palonosetron in combination with 1-day versus 3-day dexamethasone to prevent nausea and vomiting in patients receiving paclitaxel and carboplatin.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of palonosetron (PAL) and dexamethasone (DEX) on day 1 only in patients with gynecologic cancer receiving paclitaxel combined with carboplatin (TC). The primary endpoint was to evaluate the complete response (CR) rate in the delayed phase.

Methods: This study was a randomized phase 2.

Potential role of surgical resection for pancreatic cancer in the very elderly.

Background: There is increasing need to evaluate the surgical indication of pancreatic cancer in very elderly patients. However, the available clinical data are limited, and the optimal treatment is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of pancreatic resection in pancreatic cancer patients over the age of 80.

Persistent endothelial damage after intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in Kawasaki disease.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. Although endothelial cell damage associated with vasculitis might lead to the hypercoagulability that is involved in coronary artery disease, the changes in coagulation after intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG) have not been well investigated in KD. The aims of this study were to address the changes in coagulation before and after IVIG in KD, and to further elucidate the coagulation-inflammation axis, with special attention to endothelial damage.