Recent advances in cell membrane-coated porphyrin-based nanoscale MOFs for enhanced photodynamic therapy.

Porphyrins-based nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) has been widely utilized to kills tumor cells by generating cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, porphyrin based nMOFs (por-nMOFs) still face challenges such as rapid immune clearance and weak tumor targeting. Researchers have discovered that using a top-down biomimetic strategy, where nMOFs are coated with cell membranes, can promote long blood circulation, evade the reticuloendothelial system, and improve cancer cell targeting, thereby significantly enhancing the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect of nMOFs.

Enhancing Chemotherapy Efficacy via an Autologous Erythrocyte-Anchoring Strategy with a Closed-System Drug-Transfer Device.

Chemotherapeutic drugs often fail to localize efficiently to tumors when administered intravenously, causing off-target effects. This study proposes an autologous erythrocyte (ER)-anchoring strategy to improve chemotherapy efficacy and reduce side effects. Utilizing a modified hemodialysis instrument, a closed-system drug-transfer device was developed for autologous ER procurement and immunogenicity mitigation.

Machine learning-based prognostic model of lactylation-related genes for predicting prognosis and immune infiltration in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Histone lactylation is a novel epigenetic modification that is involved in a variety of critical biological regulations. However, the role of lactylation-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma has yet to be investigated.

Methods: RNA-seq data and clinical information of LUAD were downloaded from TCGA and GEO datasets.

Prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study and clinical implications for these patients' populations.

Background: No authoritative books or guidelines are currently available for revealing the interrelationships of prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer (PCa). Moreover, no consensus on this issue has been reached among previously published epidemiological studies or meta-analyses.

Purpose: We first took advantage of Mendelian randomization to clarify this issue and provide clinical implications for these patients' populations.

Single-cell transcriptomic and spatial analysis reveal the immunosuppressive microenvironment in relapsed/refractory angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a kind of aggressive T-cell lymphoma with significant enrichment of non-malignant tumor microenvironment (TME) cells. However, the complexity of TME in AITL progression is poorly understood. We performed single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-seq) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC) analysis to compare the cellular composition and spatial architecture between relapsed/refractory AITL (RR-AITL) and newly diagnosed AITL (ND-AITL).

LKB1 dictates sensitivity to immunotherapy through Skp2-mediated ubiquitination of PD-L1 protein in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Loss-of-function mutations of (, also termed as ()) are frequently detected in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The mutant NSCLC was refractory to almost all the antitumor treatments, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade therapy. Unfortunately, mechanisms underlying resistance to immunotherapy are not fully understood.

In situ blockade of TNF-TNFR2 axis via oncolytic adenovirus improves antitumor efficacy in solid tumors.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been recognized as an immune activation factor in tumor immunotherapy. Our study demonstrated that TNF blockade markedly enhanced the antitumor efficacy of oncolytic adenovirus (AdV) therapy. To minimize systemic side effects, we engineered a recombinant oncolytic AdV encoding a TNF inhibitor (AdV-TNFi) to confine TNF blockade within the tumor microenvironment (TME).

PCDHGA10 as a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. To improve the prognosis of GC patients, an effective immune-related prognostic biomarker is urgent. Here, we aim to explore the correlation between the expression of procalcitonin gamma subfamily A, 10 (PCDHGA10) and clinicopathological characteristics, especially its relation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TILs) in GC.

Xuebijing and somatostatin against acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and network pharmacology.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common pancreatic disease. Xuebijing injection (XBJ) combined with somatostatin in the treatment of AP is frequently used in clinical practice. There is, however, a lack of high-quality evidence-based evidence and network pharmacology to regard the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacological mechanisms.

Ultrasound-Activated Precise Sono-Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer with Reduced Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated remarkable efficacy across various cancer types. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) pose a significant challenge in immunotherapy, particularly the associated pneumonia as the primary adverse reaction, which can lead to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, monotherapy with programmed death ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors has shown limited effectiveness.

Machine Learning-Engineered Nanozyme System for Synergistic Anti-Tumor Ferroptosis/Apoptosis Therapy.

Nanozymes with multienzyme-like activity have sparked significant interest in anti-tumor therapy via responding to the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the consequent induction of protective autophagy substantially compromises the therapeutic efficacy. Here, a targeted nanozyme system (Fe-Arg-CDs@ZIF-8/HAD, FZH) is shown, which enhances synergistic anti-tumor ferroptosis/apoptosis therapy by leveraging machine learning (ML).

Resistance mechanisms of non-small cell lung cancer and improvement of treatment effects through nanotechnology: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases. Although targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved clinical outcomes for NSCLC patients, primary and acquired resistance remain significant obstacles to effective treatment.

Ubiquitination-Binding Enzyme 2C is Associated with Cancer Development and Prognosis and is a Potential Therapeutic Target.

UBE2C (Ubiquitination-binding enzyme 2C), one of the E2 enzymes encoded in the human genome, is a component of the ubiquitin proteasome system and plays a pivotal role in regulating cell cycle progression. Moreover, UBE2C is highly expressed and may play a pivotal role in both high-incidence and high-mortality malignancies, including lung cancers, breast cancers, and esophageal cancers. UBE2C influences a number of key processes, including cell cycle progression, tumor invasion and metastasis, proliferation, and drug resistance.

The role of IL‑17, IFN‑γ, 4‑1BBL and tumour‑infiltrating lymphocytes in the occurrence, development and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Immunotherapy has made progress in the treatment of tumours; however, in patients with pancreatic cancer, immunotherapy has not achieved effective results. The present study investigated changes in the immune microenvironment during tumour development and progression, and the relationship between the immune microenvironment and prognosis, to clarify the mechanism of immune escape in pancreatic cancer. A total of 40 patients with pancreatic cancer (including 22 with stage I-II disease and 18 with stage III-IV disease) and 20 patients with chronic pancreatitis were included in the present study.

The Potential Value of RPS27A in Prognosis and Immunotherapy: From Pan-Cancer Analysis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Validation.

Purpose: Elucidation of the potential value of ribosomal protein S27a (RPS27A) for prognosis and immunotherapy in pan-cancer analysis, and exploration of the oncogenic function of RPS27A on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and macrophage polarization.

Methods: A systematic analysis of the function and mechanism of RPS27A was conducted with R software and multiple public platforms, including UALCAN, HPA, TISIDB, TIMER, cBioPortal, cancerSEA, TIDE, and TIMSO databases. The RPS27A expression in human and mouse liver was detected by immunohistochemistry.

Protocol for in situ and in vivo dissection of mouse lung-draining lymph nodes.

Lung-draining lymph nodes (LNs) play crucial roles in infection, inflammation, and cancer, but in situ and in vivo studying models are technically challenging. Here, we present a protocol for the in situ and in vivo dissection of mouse lung-draining LNs, ensuring postoperative survival. We describe steps for lymphadenectomy including localizing lung-draining LNs, open thoracotomy, and LN dissection.

Identification of anoikis-related molecular patterns and the novel risk model to predict prognosis, tumor microenvironment infiltration and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer.

Background: Anoikis, a unique form of cell death, serves as a vital part of the organism's defense by preventing shedding cells from re-attaching to the incorrect positions, and plays pivotal role in cancer metastasis. Nonetheless, the specific mechanisms among anoikis, the clinical prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) of bladder cancer (BLCA) are insufficiently understood.

Method: BLCA patients were classified into different anoikis subtypes based on the expression of candidate anoikis-related genes (ARGs), and differences in the clinicopathological features, TME, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoints between two anoikis subtypes were analyzed.

PRKDC regulates cGAMP to enhance immune response in lung cancer treatment.

Background: Despite its involvement in nucleotide metabolism, tumor immune landscape, and immunotherapy response, the role of 2'-3'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (2',3'-cGAMP) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remails unelucidated. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of 2',3'-cGAMP in LUAD.

Method: Herein, patients with LUAD were screened for prognostic biomarkers, which were then assessed for sensitivity to immunotherapy and chemotherapy utilizing the "TIDE" algorithm and CellMiner database.

Long Non-Coding RNA LINC01116 Promotes the Proliferation of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Targeting miR-9-5p/CCNE1 Axis.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01116 is crucial in promoting cell proliferation, invasion and migration in solid tumours, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). LINC01116 acts as a competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) that binds competitively to microRNAs and plays a critical role in tumour migration and invasion. However, other mechanisms of action besides the ceRNA theory have been rarely reported and remain to be elucidated further.

Anti-PD-1 antibody (Tislelizumab) combined with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma failing asparaginase: A multicenter phase II trial.

Background: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is almost always fatal after the failure of asparaginase. This phase II study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab combined with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (Tisle-GemOx) in patients with ENKTCL failing asparaginase.

Methods: Eligible patients received Tisle-GemOx as initial induction for 6-8 cycles at 21-day intervals.

CRISPR-Cas9 screening identified novel subtypes of cutaneous melanoma based on essential cancer genes.

Our primary objective was to identify genes critical for cutaneous melanoma (CM) and related typing, based on essential genes, to generate novel insights for clinical management and immunotherapy of patients with CM. We analyzed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and sequencing data of 29 CM cell line from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases. Combined with DepMap database, 406 CM essential cancer genes were finally obtained.

The mechanism of PDE7B inhibiting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma through oxidative stress.

Background: Liver cancer presents a significant challenge to global health and is currently ranked as the sixth most common form of cancer worldwide. Recent research indicates that phosphodiesterases play a role in various physiological and pathological processes, with a specific focus on their impact on cancer advancement. There is a scarcity of studies investigating the function and mechanisms of phosphodiesterases in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Investigating the clinical significance of OAS family genes in breast cancer: an in vitro and in silico study.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, characterized by complex molecular and cellular heterogeneity. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, there is an urgent need to identify reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve early detection and personalized therapy. The OAS (2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase) family genes, known for their roles in antiviral immunity, have emerged as potential regulators in cancer biology.