Light People: Prof. Henry Snaith's (FRS) perovskite optoelectronics journey.

In 2012, Prof. Henry Snaith demonstrated the first solid-state perovskite solar cell (PSC) with an efficiency of 10.9%, igniting a surge of interest and research into perovskite materials for their potential to revolutionize the photovoltaic (PV) industry.

Adaptive deep feature representation learning for cross-subject EEG decoding.

Background: The collection of substantial amounts of electroencephalogram (EEG) data is typically time-consuming and labor-intensive, which adversely impacts the development of decoding models with strong generalizability, particularly when the available data is limited. Utilizing sufficient EEG data from other subjects to aid in modeling the target subject presents a potential solution, commonly referred to as domain adaptation. Most current domain adaptation techniques for EEG decoding primarily focus on learning shared feature representations through domain alignment strategies.

A Mitochondria-Targeted Iridium(iii) Phosphorescent Probe for Selective Detection of Hypochlorite in Living Cells.

Hypochlorous acid(HClO)/hypochlorite ion (ClO-) is a highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play a crucial role in various biological processes. In this paper, a "turn-on" phosphorescent probe (Ir-TPP) for detecting ClO- in mitochondria was designed and synthesized. In solution, Ir-TPP is minimal emission due to rapid isomerization of C=N-OH as an efficient non-radiative decay process.

High-Performance Circular Polarization Multiple-Resonance TADF Molecules with Enhanced Long-Range Charge Transfer Based on Chiral Paracyclophane.

Circularly polarized multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP-MR-TADF) materials have received widespread attention in recent years, but it remains a formidable challenge to design high-performance CP-MR-TADF emitters concurrently exhibiting high quantum efficiency, narrowband emission, and high dissymmetry factor (). Here, we perform an in-depth theoretical investigation on the CP-MR-TADF materials based on [2.2] paracyclophane (pCp) derivatives.

Unveiling the Mystery of Precision Catalysis: Dual-Atom Catalysts Stealing the Spotlight.

In the era of atomic manufacturing, the precise manipulation of atomic structures to engineer highly active catalytic sites has become a central focus in catalysis research. Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) have garnered significant attention for their superior activity, selectivity, and stability compared to single-atom catalysts (SACs). However, a comprehensive review that integrates geometric and electronic factors influencing DAC performance remains limited.

Multi-label speech feature selection for Parkinson's Disease subtype recognition using graph model.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disorder. There is a certain pathological connection between PD and dysphonia. Speech signals have been successfully used to identify PD and predict its severity.

Reconfigurable Phototransistors Driven by Gate-Dependent Carrier Modulation in WSe/TaNiSe van der Waals Heterojunctions.

Reconfigurable field-effect transistors (RFETs) offer notable benefits on electronic and optoelectronic logic circuits, surpassing the integration, flexibility, and cost-efficiency of conventional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor transistors. The low on/off current ratio of these transistors remains a considerable impediment in the practical application of RFETs. To overcome these limitations, a van der Waals heterojunction (vdWH) transistor composed of WSe/TaNiSe has been proposed.

Recent Advances on Integrating Porous Nanomaterials with Chemiluminescence Assays.

Advanced porous nanomaterials have recently been the subject of considerable interest due to their high surface areas, tunable pore structures, high porosity, and ease of modification. In the chemiluminescence (CL) domain, the incorporation of additional pores into nanostructures not only enhances the loading capacity for signal amplification but also allows the confinement effect in a nanoscale microreactor and the controlled release of reaction agents. In light of this, increasing efforts have been made to fabricate various porous nanomaterials and explore their potential applications in CL assays.

Intravascular Ultrasound Image-Based Finite Element Modeling Approach for Quantifying In Vivo Mechanical Properties of Human Coronary Artery.

Quantifying the mechanical properties of coronary arterial walls could provide meaningful information for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of coronary artery diseases. Since patient-specific coronary samples are not available for patients requiring continuous monitoring, direct experimental testing of vessel material properties becomes impossible. Current coronary models typically use material parameters from available literature, leading to significant mechanical stress/strain calculation errors.

AI-driven approaches for automatic detection of sleep apnea/hypopnea based on human physiological signals: a review.

Sleep apnea/hypopnea is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated pauses in breathing which could induce a series of health problems such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and even sudden death. Polysomnography (PSG) is the most common way to diagnose sleep apnea/hypopnea. Considering that PSG data acquisition is complex and the diagnosis of sleep apnea/hypopnea requires manual scoring, it is very time-consuming and highly professional.

Exploring the impact of parent-child contact, future orientation, and self-esteem on students' learning behavior: A mediation analysis.

Introduction: The interaction between parents and children is a crucial determinant of adolescents' learning behavior, future orientation, and self-esteem. Moreover, positive relationships between parents and students significantly enhance these factors, promoting better academic and personal development outcomes.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of parent-child contact on learning behavior, with future orientation and self-esteem serving as mediating factors.

Engineered microalgae for photo-sonodynamic synergistic therapy in breast cancer treatment.

Dynamic therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) have potential in cancer treatment. Microalgae have attracted increasing attention because of their high active mobility, flexibility in terms of functionality, and good biocompatibility. In this study, surface-engineered microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (Chl) modified with metal‒organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles (denoted Chl-MOF) are successfully developed for synergistic photo-sonodynamic therapy and immunotherapy.

Near-Infrared Light-Activated DNA Nanodevice for Spatiotemporal In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging of Messenger RNA.

Real-time visualization of messenger RNA (mRNA) is essential for tumor classification, grading, and staging. However, the low signal-to-background ratios and nonspatiotemporal specific signal amplification restricted the in vivo imaging of mRNA. In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) light-activated DNA nanodevice (DND) was developed for spatiotemporal in vivo fluorescence imaging of mRNA.

Tailored Lead-Free KNN/BFO Perovskite Ferroelectric Film Heterostructures for Enhanced Electrofunctional Properties via Interface-Modulated Bilayer Design.

In this work, a bilayer lead-free perovskite ferroelectric structure was fabricated comprising a highly polar BiFeO (BFO) bottom layer and a less polar (KNa)NbO (KNN) top layer. The BFO sublayer, deposited via radio frequency magnetron sputtering without postgrowth annealing, not only exhibited enhanced crystallinity but also promoted superior microstructural properties in the sol-gel derived KNN overlayer, thereby ensuring excellent intrinsic electrical properties. Compared to the poorly crystallized single-layer KNN films directly synthesized on LNO-buffered (100)-Si substrate, the KNN layer in the bilayer structure demonstrated a strong (100) texture, along with a dense, homogeneous, fine-grained morphology.

Seeding Control in Chirality Triggering of Red-Emitting Organic Charge-Transfer Cocrystal Helixes from Achiral Molecules.

Supramolecular chirality has gained immense attention for great potential, in which the rational engineering strategy facilitates unique helical stacking/assembly, high chiroptical behavior, and prime biomedical activity. In this study, we reported a novel chiral organic donor-acceptor cocrystal based on asymmetrical components of benzo()naphtho(1,2-)thiophene (BNT) and 9-oxo-9H-indeno(1,2-)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile (DCAF) that exhibited red emission using a simple solution approach. During the self-assembly, a kinetically controlled growth of polar solvent or substrate induction led to the chiral packing and helical morphology twisted by the cooperation of electrostatic potential energy and chirality.

Older adults' self-perception, technology anxiety, and intention to use digital public services.

To improve the happiness of the older adults enjoying digital public services, this study examines the structural relationship among self-perception of aging, subjective well-being, technology anxiety, self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, and intention to use digital public services for older adults in the context of digital public services. We employ Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for empirical analysis (N = 345, February to October 2023). The negative self-perception of aging may lead to the negative emotions of older adults on technology, which will reduce subjective well-being and increase technology anxiety.

Rapid and high accuracy identification of culture medium by CNN of Raman spectra.

Culture media are widely used for biological research and production. It is essential for the growth of microorganisms, cells, or tissues. It includes complex components like carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals.

Polyvalent Aptamers Structure-Mediated Fluorescent Aptasensor for the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease by Coupling with HCR and CRISPR-Cas System.

The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) plays a vital role in slowing the progression of AD and improving the quality of human life. However, it is still a challenge in the medical field. Herein, an ultrasensitive fluorescent aptasensor was designed for the detection of special phosphorylated tau181 (P-tau181) by coupling with polyvalent aptamers (PAs) structure, hybridization chain reaction (HCR), and the CRISPR-Cas system.

Estimation of PEMFC optimal parameters based on an improved butterfly optimization algorithm.

This paper introduces a novel butterfly optimization algorithm, called the spiral search and dynamic crossover based butterfly optimization algorithm (SCBO), for parameter estimation in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) models. To enhance the global performance of the butterfly algorithm, a spin-search strategy is incorporated to expand its exploration range, while an adaptive factor is introduced to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation. Additionally, a dynamic crossover operation is integrated to enhance solution diversity, addressing the algorithm's tendency to converge to local optima.

The Synergy Effect of Al/Ti Electrodes on Effective Electron Injection for n-Channel Transistors and Ambipolar Complementary Circuits.

This paper reports the utilization of cost-effective bottom-contact electrodes composed of aluminum (Al) and titanium (Ti) to facilitate efficient electron injection in n-channel organic transistors. The optimized Al/Ti electrode has a low work function of around 4.03 eV, combining the high conductivity of Al with the stable interface of Ti, making it highly suitable for the electrodes of n-channel transistors.

Relationship between autism spectrum disorder and peripapillary intraretinal layer thickness: a pediatric retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often presents with atypical visual processing, prompting investigation into its connection with retinal features. This study aimed to (I) compare intraretinal layer thickness in the peripapillary region between ASD and neurotypical (NT) groups, (II) assess associations between intraretinal layer thickness and clinical parameters (social functioning and cognitive levels) in ASD subjects, and (III) evaluate the potential of intraretinal layer thickness as a biomarker for ASD.

Methods: Participants were recruited through convenience sampling from the Children's Mental Health Research Center at The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and the Department of Ophthalmology at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, between December 2019 and August 2023.

Two-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic van der Waals Hybrids.

Two-dimensional organic-inorganic (2DOI) van der Waals hybrids (vdWhs) have emerged as a groundbreaking subclass of layer-stacked (opto-)electronic materials. The development of 2DOI-vdWhs via systematically integrating inorganic 2D layers with organic 2D crystals at the molecular/atomic scale extends the capabilities of traditional 2D inorganic vdWhs, thanks to their high synthetic flexibility and structural tunability. Constructing an organic-inorganic hybrid interface with atomic precision will unlock new opportunities for generating unique interfacial (opto-)electronic transport properties by combining the strengths of organic and inorganic layers, thus allowing us to satisfy the growing demand for multifunctional applications.

MORE: a multi-omics data-driven hypergraph integration network for biomedical data classification and biomarker identification.

High-throughput sequencing methods have brought about a huge change in omics-based biomedical study. Integrating various omics data is possibly useful for identifying some correlations across data modalities, thus improving our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms and complexity. Nevertheless, most existing graph-based feature extraction methods overlook the complementary information and correlations across modalities.

Thiamethoxam-Loaded Ethyl Cellulose Microspheres for Extending the Efficacy Duration and Reducing the Toxicity on the Growth of Maize ( L.).

Thiamethoxam has been widely used in agriculture due to its excellent insecticidal activity. However, thiamethoxam is prone to loss during practical applications, especially in soil application, which seriously reduces its performance. In this work, thiamethoxam is loaded in ethyl cellulose microspheres to solve this issue, and the thiamethoxam-loaded ethyl cellulose microspheres (thiamethoxam/EC) are facilely and effectively fabricated by emulsified solvent volatilization.

Liquid/Liquid Interfacial Assembly of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Grafted Nanoparticles into Superlattice Monolayers and Their Application as Floating Gates for High Performance Memory.

Polymer/gold nanoparticle (AuNP) composites have been utilized as floating gates to enhance the performance of memory devices. However, these devices typically exhibit a low ON/OFF drain current ratio (/) and unstable charge trapping, attributed to the poorly defined arrangement of AuNPs within the composite floating gate. To address these limitations, this study employs poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted AuNPs (Au@PMMA) as building blocks for the fabrication of monolayered superlattice films with a highly ordered structure via liquid/liquid interfacial assembly.