Relationship between autism spectrum disorder and peripapillary intraretinal layer thickness: a pediatric retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often presents with atypical visual processing, prompting investigation into its connection with retinal features. This study aimed to (I) compare intraretinal layer thickness in the peripapillary region between ASD and neurotypical (NT) groups, (II) assess associations between intraretinal layer thickness and clinical parameters (social functioning and cognitive levels) in ASD subjects, and (III) evaluate the potential of intraretinal layer thickness as a biomarker for ASD.

Methods: Participants were recruited through convenience sampling from the Children's Mental Health Research Center at The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and the Department of Ophthalmology at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, between December 2019 and August 2023.

Two-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic van der Waals Hybrids.

Two-dimensional organic-inorganic (2DOI) van der Waals hybrids (vdWhs) have emerged as a groundbreaking subclass of layer-stacked (opto-)electronic materials. The development of 2DOI-vdWhs via systematically integrating inorganic 2D layers with organic 2D crystals at the molecular/atomic scale extends the capabilities of traditional 2D inorganic vdWhs, thanks to their high synthetic flexibility and structural tunability. Constructing an organic-inorganic hybrid interface with atomic precision will unlock new opportunities for generating unique interfacial (opto-)electronic transport properties by combining the strengths of organic and inorganic layers, thus allowing us to satisfy the growing demand for multifunctional applications.

MORE: a multi-omics data-driven hypergraph integration network for biomedical data classification and biomarker identification.

High-throughput sequencing methods have brought about a huge change in omics-based biomedical study. Integrating various omics data is possibly useful for identifying some correlations across data modalities, thus improving our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms and complexity. Nevertheless, most existing graph-based feature extraction methods overlook the complementary information and correlations across modalities.

Thiamethoxam-Loaded Ethyl Cellulose Microspheres for Extending the Efficacy Duration and Reducing the Toxicity on the Growth of Maize ( L.).

Thiamethoxam has been widely used in agriculture due to its excellent insecticidal activity. However, thiamethoxam is prone to loss during practical applications, especially in soil application, which seriously reduces its performance. In this work, thiamethoxam is loaded in ethyl cellulose microspheres to solve this issue, and the thiamethoxam-loaded ethyl cellulose microspheres (thiamethoxam/EC) are facilely and effectively fabricated by emulsified solvent volatilization.

Liquid/Liquid Interfacial Assembly of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Grafted Nanoparticles into Superlattice Monolayers and Their Application as Floating Gates for High Performance Memory.

Polymer/gold nanoparticle (AuNP) composites have been utilized as floating gates to enhance the performance of memory devices. However, these devices typically exhibit a low ON/OFF drain current ratio (/) and unstable charge trapping, attributed to the poorly defined arrangement of AuNPs within the composite floating gate. To address these limitations, this study employs poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted AuNPs (Au@PMMA) as building blocks for the fabrication of monolayered superlattice films with a highly ordered structure via liquid/liquid interfacial assembly.

An angle-selective photonic crystal for multi-physical sensing applications.

This study reports a high-transmission photonic crystal (PC) that was optimized for TM waves at a frequency of 43.8 GHz and engineered using photonic band gap (PBG) principles to achieve angle selection. The structure demonstrated a remarkable transmission from -68° to 0°, consistently exceeding 80% efficiency.

Simulation and Prediction of Springback in Sheet Metal Bending Process Based on Embedded Control System.

Amidst the accelerating pace of automation in sheet metal bending, the need for small-batch, multi-varietal, efficient, and adaptable production modalities has become increasingly pronounced. To address this need and to enhance the efficacy of the bending process, this study presents the design and development of an embedded soft PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) rooted in the Codesys development platform and leveraging the ARM Cortex-A55 architecture. This controller employs the EtherCAT communication protocol to facilitate seamless and efficient interactions with fully electric servo-driven CNC (Computerized Numerical Control) bending machinery.

Bioengineered Extracellular Vesicle Hydrogel Modulating Inflammatory Microenvironment for Wound Management.

Chronic wounds, frequently arising from conditions like diabetes, trauma, or chronic inflammation, represent a significant medical challenge due to persistent inflammation, heightened infection risk, and limited treatment solutions. This study presents a novel bioengineered approach to promote tissue repair and improve the healing environment. We developed a bioactive hydrogel patch, encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) into extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, and synthesized ZIF@EV, then embedded it in the sodium alginate matrix.

Non-Conjugated Gridized Nanopolymers as an Efficient Hole-Transport Material for Blue Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Despite the remarkable advancements in perovskite light-emitting diode (PeLED) technology, the development of blue PeLEDs has lagged. The primary bottleneck lies in the difficulty of finding hole transport materials (HTMs) that can both match the energy levels of blue perovskite materials and exhibit efficient hole transport performance. Herein, a novel non-conjugated polyethylene carbazole-based polymer (P-AGCz) is developed that has excellent solution processability and serves as an efficient dopant-free HTM for PeLEDs.

Z-scheme HPMoVO/g-CN heterojunction with strong photooxidative capacity for promoting efficient cleavage of C-C bond in lignin models and lignin.

The efficient photocatalytic breakage of C-C bonds has great significance for the valorization of lignin into value-added aromatic chemicals, but remains challenging owing to their demanding depolymerization conditions and high bond dissociation energies. In this study, the Z-scheme heterojunction HPMoVO/g-CN (HPA/CN) photocatalyst was elaborately developed for the selective and efficient cleaving of C-C bonds in real lignin and its β-O-4 models under mild conditions. The construction of Z-scheme heterojunction with irregular sheet micromorphology not only enhanced the charge separation and redox abilities, but also broadened the light absorption range and promoted charge-to-surface transfer in two redox components.

High-Temperature Resistance Photoluminescence Carbonized Polymer Dots Through Equilibrium Bi-Confinement Effects.

Carbon dots are emerging luminescent nanomaterials that have drawn considerable attention due to their abundance, environmental friendliness, and customizable optical properties. However, their susceptibility to temperature-induced vibrational exciton changes and the tendency to thermal quenching of emission have hindered their practical applications. Here, a method is reported for achieving high-temperature photoluminescence carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) through a bi-confinement approach that involves a highly cross-linked polymer network and a rigid AlO matrix.

High-Precision Printing Sandwich Flexible Transparent Silver Mesh for Tunable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Visualization Windows.

Flexible transparent conductive films (FTCFs) with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance are increasingly crucial as visualization windows in optoelectronic devices due to their capabilities to block electromagnetic radiation (EMR) generated during operation. Metal mesh-based FTCFs have emerged as a promising representative in which EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) can be enhanced by increasing the line width, reducing the line spacing, or increasing mesh thickness. However, these conventional approaches decrease optical transmittance or increase material consumption, thus compromising the optical performance and economic viability.

Dynamic Modulation of Afterglow Emission in Polymeric Phosphors via Inverse Opal Photonic Structures.

Tuning the afterglow of polymeric phosphors is critical for advancing their use in optical data storage and display technologies. Despite advancements in polymer matrix design and dopant engineering, achieving dynamic control over afterglow intensity remains a significant challenge. In this study, a novel approach is introduced for dynamically tuning the afterglow of polymeric phosphors by integrating them into an inverse opal photonic structure.

High-capacity device-independent quantum secure direct communication based on hyper-encoding.

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) can directly transmit secret messages through quantum channel without keys. Device-independent (DI) QSDC guarantees the message security relying only on the observation of the Bell-inequality violation, but not on any detailed description or trust of the devices' inner workings. Compared with conventional QSDC, DI-QSDC has relatively low secret message capacity.

A flexible protocol of finite-time consensus for second-order multi-agent systems with pinning control.

In this paper, we consider the finite-time consensus problem for second-order multi-agent systems with pinning control. Unlike the existing finite-time consensus algorithms for second-order multi-agent systems in which all agents' velocities and positions are assumed to have common communication weights and nonlinear couplings, we allow communication weights, nonlinear couplings and the feedback gains to be inconsistent for each agent's velocity and position. A flexible continuous protocol is designed to solve the finite-time consensus problem.

Pure spin currents induced by asymmetric H-passivation in BCP nanoribbons.

Inspired by the recently reported novel two-dimensional material BCP, we performed one-dimensional shearing along the zigzag direction to obtain four BCP nanoribbons with various edge atom combinations. An asymmetric hydrogen passivation scheme was employed to modulate the electronic properties and successfully open the band gap, especially the 2H-1H passivation with dihydrogenation and monohydrogenation at the top and bottom edges, respectively, achieving bipolar magnetic semiconductors with edge P-atoms contributing to the main magnetism. Furthermore, three crucial spin-polarized transmission spectra yielded a significant spin-dependent Seebeck effect (SDSE), displaying superior thermoelectric conversion capabilities by generating pure spin currents.

Enhancing efficiency and control in DNA hydrogel synthesis: A dual rolling circle amplification approach and parameter optimization study.

DNA hydrogels are a focus of current research in the realm of cutting-edge functional biomaterials. Rolling circle amplification (RCA) technology has surfaced as a flexible approach for producing functional DNA hydrogels in a one-pot manner, owing to its effectiveness and ease of use. This study introduces a simple dual RCA approach for producing DNA hydrogels.

Valley splitting of monolayer HfCO by the spin-orbit coupling effect: first principles calculations using the HSE06 methods.

Electrons have not only charge and spin degrees of freedom, but also additional valley degrees of freedom. The search for valleytronic materials with large valley splits is important for the development of valleytronics. In this work, we applied first principles computations to calculate 1 L HfCO at the level of HSE06.

Negative Emotion Differentiation Promotes Cognitive Reappraisal: Evidence From Electroencephalogram Oscillations and Phase-Amplitude Coupling.

Cognitive reappraisal, an effective emotion regulation strategy, is influenced by various individual factors. Although previous studies have established a link between negative emotion differentiation (NED) and cognitive reappraisal, the underlying neural mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using electroencephalography, this study investigates the influence and neural basis of NED in cognitive reappraisal by integrating aspects of event-related potentials, neural oscillation rhythms, and cross-frequency coupling.

Riemannian manifold-based disentangled representation learning for multi-site functional connectivity analysis.

Functional connectivity (FC), derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), has been widely used to characterize brain abnormalities in disorders. FC is usually defined as a correlation matrix that is a symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrix lying on the Riemannian manifold. Recently, a number of learning-based methods have been proposed for FC analysis, while the geometric properties of Riemannian manifold have not yet been fully explored in previous studies.

Lesion filling index predicts brain arteriovenous malformation obliteration after Gamma knife radiosurgery: a hemodynamic analysis.

Hemodynamics significantly influences the clinical outcomes of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM). This study aimed to determine if the lesion filling index (LFI), obtained via quantitative digital subtraction angiography (QDSA), can predict complete complete obliteration after Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). We retrospectively reviewed AVM patients who underwent GKRS and DSA exams from 2011 to 2021.