Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. However, no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in China. We conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (except for Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan Province, and the Xizang Autonomous Region, please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk factors.

Leveraging a phased pangenome for haplotype design of hybrid potato.

The tetraploid genome and clonal propagation of the cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) dictate a slow, non-accumulative breeding mode of the most important tuber crop. Transitioning potato breeding to a seed-propagated hybrid system based on diploid inbred lines has the potential to greatly accelerate its improvement.

PRMT1-methylated MSX1 phase separates to control palate development.

Little is known about the regulation and function of phase separation in craniofacial developmental disorders. MSX1 mutations are associated with human cleft palate, the most common craniofacial birth defect. Here, we show that MSX1 phase separation is a vertebrate-conserved mechanism underlying embryonic palatal fusion.

Dapagliflozin plus calorie restriction for remission of type 2 diabetes: multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of dapagliflozin plus calorie restriction on remission of type 2 diabetes.

Design: Multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

Setting: 16 centres in mainland China from 12 June 2020 to 31 January 2023.

A shear-responsive and lubricating hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulfate-decellularized matrix hydrogel for articular cartilage regeneration.

The high-dynamic, high-loading environment in the joint cavity puts urgent demands on the cartilage regenerative materials with shear responsiveness and lubrication. Here, a new type of injectable hydrogel composed of oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA), adipic dihydrazide-grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-ADH), oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OChs), and decellularized extracellular matrix methacrylate (dECMMA) was fabricated. The aldehyde groups in OHA and OChs reacted with the amino groups in HA-ADH to form a dynamic hydrogel, which was then covalently crosslinked with dECMMA to create a dual-crosslinked hydrogel with sufficient mechanical strength.

[Clinical observation on rapid relief of dyspnea in juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis treated with bevacizumab].

To evaluate the efficacy of bevacizumab in reducing dyspnea, avoiding tracheostomy, and assessing the overall safety and effectiveness of the treatment in patients with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP). This study included 19 patients with JORRP treated with Bevacizumab at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, from March 2022 to June 2024. The age of patients ranged from 1.

[Local injections of glucocorticoids at different regions in the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a Meta-analysis].

To compare the efficacy and safety of postauricular injection (PI) and intratympanic injection (II) of glucocorticoids (GC) in the initial treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SHL). Electronic databases retrieval (PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG) was performed to identify all randomized controlled trials about PI and II of GC in the initial treatment of SHL between 2015 and 2024. Meta-analysis was performed on the studies met the inclusion criteria by RevMan5.

Impact of IL-32 Gene Polymorphisms on Tuberculosis Susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.

Objective: Interleukin (IL)-32, encoded by the IL-32 gene, is a crucial constituent of the autophagy pathway and is involved in the regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection, a major global health challenge. This study aimed to examine the potential association between IL-32 polymorphisms and susceptibility to Tuberculosis(TB), highlighting the significance of genetic factors in TB risk.

ROS-differentiated release of Apelin-13 from hydrogel comprehensively treats myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury still faces the lack of clinically approved drugs. Apelin-13 is a highly promising drug candidate of MI/R injury, but hampered by its extremely short half-life in plasma. This calls for efficient and smart delivering system for Apelin-13 delivery, but has not been reported.

Comprehensive analysis and experiments identified ANXA1 as an unfavorable prognosticator in glioma.

Background: ANXA1 was upregulated in gliomas in previous bulk sequencing studies. we examined the role of ANXA1 in glioma using bioinformatics analysis and experiments.

Methods: Two cohorts were adopted to validate the prognostic value of ANXA1 in gliomas.

M2 Microglia-Derived Exosomal miR-144-5p Attenuates White Matter Injury in Preterm Infants by Regulating the PTEN/AKT Pathway Through KLF12.

Perinatal white matter injury (WMI), which is prevalent in premature infants, involves M2 microglia affecting oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) through exosomes, promoting OPC growth and reducing WMI. The molecular mechanism of WMI remains unclear, and this study explored the role of M2 microglia-derived exosomes in WMI. A tMCAO rat model was constructed to simulate WMI characteristics in vivo.

Prevalence of infection in Chinese military personnel: A cross-sectional, multicenter-based study.

Background: () infection is a prevalent disease encountered in military internal medicine and recognized as the main cause of dyspepsia, gastritis, and peptic ulcer, which are common diseases in military personnel. Current guidelines in China state all patients with evidence of active infection with are offered treatment. However, the prevalence of infection and its regional distribution in the military population remain unclear, which hinders effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Impact of intravenous antihypertensive therapy on cerebral blood flow and neurocognition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intravenous antihypertensivedrugs are commonly used in acute care settings, yet their impact on cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains uncertain.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 50 studies evaluated the effects of commonly used i.v.

New strategy for the utilization of invasive species: A tert-butylhydroquinone electrochemical platform based on Solidago canadensis L.

Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is a widely used synthetic phenolic antioxidant found in edible oils and other fried foods. Nevertheless, the excess use of TBHQ can reduce food quality and impact public health. In this paper, we reported the synthesis of a nanocomposite consisting of carbon and nitrogen co-doped nickel oxide (NiO-N/C-700), which was used to modify a pencil graphite electrode for the sensitive detection of TBHQ.

Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2 regulates cytoskeletal actin dynamics and is essential for platelet biogenesis and functions.

Aims: Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2), a member of the DOCK family of Guanine nucleotide exchange factors that specifically act on the Rho GTPases including Rac and Cdc42, plays pivotal roles in the regulation of leukocyte homeostasis. However, its functions in platelets remain unknown.

Methods And Results: Using mice with genetic deficiency of DOCK2 (Dock2-/-), we showed that Dock2-/-mice exhibited a macrothrombocytopenic phenotype characterized as decreased platelet count and enlarged platelet size by transmission electron microscopy.

HACD2 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Progression by Enhancing PKM2 Dissociation From PRKN in a Dehydratase-Independent Manner.

3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 2 (HACD2), an obesity-related gene involved in the elongation of long-chain fatty acids, is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer (PC) and is associated with patient prognosis. Interestingly, the study reveals that HACD2 mediated the proliferation of PC cells in a dehydratase-independent manner, affecting the downstream glycolytic pathway. Mechanistically, HACD2 promotes PC cells proliferation by binding to E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin (PRKN) and enhancing pyruvate kinase PKM (PKM2) dissociation from PRKN, resulting in reduced ubiquitination of PKM2 and increased dimerization of PKM2, which subsequently promote c-Myc expression and tumor growth.

NOL-7 serves as a potential prognostic-related biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Nucleolar protein 7 (NOL7), a specific protein found in the nucleolus, is crucial for maintaining cell division and proliferation. While the involvement of NOL7 in influencing the unfavorable prognosis of metastatic melanoma has been reported, its significance in predicting the prognosis of patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.

Methods: Aberrant expression of NOL7 in HCC and its prognostic value were evaluated using multiple databases, including TCGA, GTEx, Xiantao Academic, HCCDB, UALCAN, TISCH, and STRING.

The efficacy and safety of suvemcitug, envafolimab, and FOLFIRI in microsatellite-stable or mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancer: preliminary results of a phase 2 study.

Purpose: This phase II study is designed to evaluate the combination therapy involving suvemcitug and envafolimab with FOLFIRI in microsatellite-stable or mismatch repair-proficient (MSS/pMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) in the second-line treatment setting.

Methods: This study is a non-randomized, open-label prospective study comprising multiple cohorts (NCT05148195). Here, we only report the data from the CRC cohort.

A Randomized, Comparative Trial of a Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker (X842) and Lansoprazole for the Treatment of Patients with Erosive Esophagitis.

Introduction: X842 is a new type of gastric acid-suppressing agent with a rapid onset of action and a long duration of effect. We aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of different doses of X842 versus lansoprazole in the treatment of patients with erosive esophagitis (EE).

Methods: This phase 2 study included 90 patients with EE (Los Angeles grades A-D) who were randomized (1:1:1) to receive oral low-dose X842 (50 mg/day, n=31), high-dose X842 (100 mg/day, n=31), or lansoprazole (30 mg/day, n=30) for 4 weeks.

Hypoxia Promotes Malignant Progression of Colorectal Cancer by Inducing POSTN Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Formation.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies. Hypoxia can promote the occurrence and development of CRC. However, how hypoxia regulates the CRC immune microenvironment needs to be further explored.

Sarcopenia is a risk factor for postoperative delirium in geriatric hip fracture patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Various factors contribute to postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgeries. Sarcopenia was defined as the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of POD and sarcopenia in geriatric patients undergoing hip fracture surgeries and to investigate the correlation between preoperative sarcopenia and POD.

Applications of hydrogels and nanoparticles in the treatment of traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant global public health issue, with effective management posing numerous challenges. The pathophysiology of TBI is typically categorized into two phases: primary and secondary injuries. Secondary injury involves pathophysiological mechanisms such as blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses.

Palmitoylation-dependent regulation of GPX4 suppresses ferroptosis.

S-palmitoylation is a reversible and widespread post-translational modification, but its role in the regulation of ferroptosis has been poorly understood. Here, we elucidate that GPX4, an essential regulator of ferroptosis, is reversibly palmitoylated on cysteine 66. The acyltransferase ZDHHC20 palmitoylates GPX4 and increases its protein stability.

Location-specific net water uptake and malignant cerebral edema in acute anterior circulation occlusion ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Early identification of malignant cerebral edema (MCE) in patients with acute ischemic stroke is crucial for timely interventions. We aimed to identify regions critically associated with MCE using the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) to evaluate the association between location-specific-net water uptake (NWU) and MCE.

Materials And Methods: This multicentre, retrospective cohort study included patients with acute ischemic stroke following large anterior circulation occlusion.

Overexpressed CD73 attenuates GSDMD-mediated astrocyte pyroptosis induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through the A2B/NF-κB pathway.

Ischemic stroke, resulting from the blockage or narrowing of cerebral vessels, causes brain tissue damage due to ischemia and hypoxia. Although reperfusion therapy is essential to restore blood flow, it may also result in reperfusion injury, causing secondary damage through mechanisms like oxidative stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity. These effects significantly impact astrocytes, neurons, and endothelial cells, aggravating brain injury and disrupting the blood-brain barrier.