Evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 variants under strict non-pharmaceutical interventions - a population-based study.

Introduction: China implemented a dynamic zero-COVID strategy to curb viral transmission in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This strategy was designed to inhibit mutation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19. This study explores the dynamics of viral evolution under stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) through real-world observations.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and short-term mortality in patients having anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study.

Background: In this study, we aimed to explore the association between baseline and early changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the 30-day mortality rate in patients having anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD).

Methods: Overall, 263 patients with anti-MDA5 DM-ILD from four centers in China were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of baseline NLR on the 30-day mortality rate in patients with anti-MDA5-positive DM-ILD.

Amelioration of premature aging in Werner syndrome stem cells by targeting SHIP/AKT pathway.

Background: Pathogenic or null mutations in WRN helicase is a cause of premature aging disease Werner syndrome (WS). WRN is known to protect somatic cells including adult stem cells from premature senescence. Loss of WRN in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only drives the cells to premature senescence but also significantly impairs the function of the stem cells in tissue repair or regeneration.

Endogenous peptide CBDP1 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by targeting USP5/YTHDF2/TRPM5 axis.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a high incidence rate and poor prognosis, and currently lacks effective therapies. Recently, peptide-based drugs have shown promise in cancer treatment. In this research, a new endogenous peptide called CBDP1 was discovered in ccRCC and its potential anti-cancer properties were examined.

Transition zone-based prostate-specific antigen density for differentiating clinically significant prostate cancer in PI-RADS score 3 lesions.

We intended to investigate the potential of several transitional zone (TZ) volume-related variables for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) among lesions scored as Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) category 3. Between September 2018 and August 2023, patients who underwent mpMRI examination and scored as PI-RADS 3 were queried from our institution. The diagnostic performances of prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD), TZ-adjusted PSAD (TZPSAD), and TZ-ratio (TZ volume/whole gland prostate volume) were analyzed.

ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis is a crucial lethal form in diverse keratinocyte death modalities in UVB-induced skin injury.

UVB irradiation induces diverse modalities of regulatory cell death in keratinocytes. Recently, the pattern of coexistence of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis has been termed PANoptosis; however, whether PANoptosis occurs in keratinocytes in UVB-induced skin injury remains unclear. We observed that the key molecules of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, which are N-terminal GSDMD, cleaved caspase-3/PARP, and phosphorylated MLKL, respectively, were elevated in keratinocytes of UVB-challenged mice and human skin tissue.

[Solid, endometrial-like and transitional growth patterns of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma: a clinicopathological analysis of 25 cases].

To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of solid, endometrial-like and transitional (SET) cell growth subtype in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). Clinical data of 25 cases of HGSC-SET were collected from January 2020 to March 2024 at the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and their histological features were analyzed. Immunohistochemical stains were used to analyze the expression of ER, PR, PAX8, WT-1, p16, p53 and Ki-67.

[Application of PMS2 and MSH6 double-antibody detection in screening of mismatch repair deficient tumors].

To investigate whether the immunohistochemical results of two markers PMS2 and MSH6 (2-MMR) could replace the four markers MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 (4-MMR) to detect mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) cancers. A retrospective analysis was conducted with summary of immunohistochemical data from 7 867 cases of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, and other diseases in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China, from March 2018 to March 2023. The consistency of 2-MMR and 4-MMR results was examined.

Carbon-supported Fe single atom nanozymes with long-lasting ROS generation and high NIR photothermal performance for synergistic cancer therapy.

Synergistic therapy combining photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has proven to be a highly effective strategy for cancer treatment. However, PTT heavily relies on the accumulation of therapeutic agents at the tumor site. The peroxidase (POD) activity of common catalysts can be rapidly exhausted during the accumulation process, prior to laser intervention, thereby diminishing the synergistic enhancement effect of the combined therapy.

Post-procedural Plasma D-dimer Level May Predict Futile Recanalization in Stroke Patients with Endovascular Treatment.

Objective: High D-dimer levels may increase the likelihood of unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, the impacts of serum D-dimer levels on outcomes of reperfusion treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke have not been evaluated. This study aims to assess a possible relationship between serum D-dimer and functional outcomes in stroke patients with endovascular treatment (EVT).

Bisphenol A-Induced Cancer-Associated Adipocytes Promotes Breast Carcinogenesis Via CXCL12/AKT Signaling.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a commonly used plastic additive, is believed to cause obesity. As an environmental endocrine disruptor, BPA is closely associated with the onset and progression of BC. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the promotion of breast cancer by BPA remain unclear.

Functional nanoplatform for modulating cellular forces to enhance antitumor immunity via mechanotransduction.

Immune cells are sensitive to the perception of mechanical stimuli in the tumor microenvironment. Changes in biophysical cues within tumor tissue can alter the force-sensing mechanisms experienced by cells. Mechanical stimuli within the extracellular matrix are transformed into biochemical signals through mechanotransduction.

Cumulative effects of extreme ambient temperatures on placental perfusion and function markers in early pregnancy: analysis from a birth cohort study.

Background: Exposure to suboptimal temperatures during pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes related to placental development disorders. No prior studies have examined the potential impacts of temperature on placental markers. We conducted an investigation into the cumulative impact of daily ambient temperature on critical clinical placental perfusion and function markers during the placentation period, utilizing data from a prospective birth cohort in Nanjing, China.

Chirality engineering-regulated liquid-liquid phase separation of stress granules and its role in chemo-sensitization and side effect mitigation.

In recent years, the chiral biological effects of nanomedicines have garnered significant interest. Research has focused on understanding how material chirality affects cellular transcription and metabolism. Stress granules, which are membraneless organelles formed through liquid-liquid phase separation of G3BP1 proteins and related compartments, have been extensively studied and are closely associated with cellular damage repair and metabolism.

H4K12 lactylation-regulated NLRP3 is involved in cigarette smoke-accelerated Alzheimer-like pathology through mTOR-regulated autophagy and activation of microglia.

Cigarette smoke (CS), an indoor environmental pollution, is an environmental risk factor for diverse neurological disorders. However, the neurotoxicological effects and mechanisms of CS on Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression remain unclear. We found that CS accelerated the progression of AD, including increasing β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque deposition and exacerbating cognitive decline.

Melatonin protects aged oocytes from depalmitoylation-mediated quality reduction by promoting PPT1 degradation and antioxidation.

Oocyte aging is closely related to a decline in female fertility, accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species levels and changes in protein posttranslational modifications. However, the role of protein palmitoylation in oocyte aging has not been investigated. In the present study, a new association between redox and palmitoylation in aging oocytes was found.

Identification of GBN5 as a molecular biomarker of pan-cancer species by integrated multi-omics analysis.

Introduction: We conducted a panoramic analysis of GBN5 expression and prognosis in 33 cancers, aiming to deepen the systematic understanding of GBN5 in cancer.

Materials And Methods: We employed a multi-omics approach, including transcriptomic, genomic, proteomic, single-cell cytomic, spatial transcriptomic, and genomic data, to explore the prognostic value and potential oncogenic mechanisms of GBN5 across pan-cancers from multiple perspectives.

Results: We found that GBN5 was differentially expressed in multiple tumors and showed early diagnostic value.

Evaluation of drug-drug interaction between rosuvastatin and tacrolimus and the risk of hepatic injury in rats.

Multimorbidity, therapeutic complexity, and polypharmacy, which greatly increases the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and adverse medical outcomes, have become important and growing challenges in clinical practice. Statins are frequently prescribed to manage post-transplant dyslipidemia and reduce overall cardiovascular risk in solid organ transplant recipients. This study aimed to determine whether rosuvastatin has significant DDIs with tacrolimus (the first-line immunosuppressant) and to evaluate the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with concomitant therapy.

Strategies and Challenges of Cytosolic Delivery of Proteins.

The cytosolic delivery of therapeutic proteins represents a promising strategy for addressing diseases caused by protein dysfunction. Despite significant advances, efficient delivery remains challenging due to barriers such as cell membrane impermeability, endosomal sequestration, and protein instability. This review summarizes recent progress in protein delivery systems, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches, with a particular focus on strategies that enhance endosomal escape and targeting specificity.

tiRNA-Gln-CTG is Involved in the Regulation of Trophoblast Cell Function in Pre-eclampsia and Serves as a Potent Biomarker.

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a gestational disorder that significantly endangers maternal and fetal health. Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are important in the progression and diagnosis of various diseases. However, their role in the development of PE is unclear.

Advances in Pure Drug Self-Assembled Nanosystems: A Novel Strategy for Combined Cancer Therapy.

Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems hold great promise for improving the effectiveness of anti-tumor therapies. However, their clinical translation remains hindered by several significant challenges, including intricate preparation processes, limited drug loading capacity, and concerns regarding potential toxicity. In this context, pure drug-assembled nanosystems (PDANSs) have emerged as a promising alternative, attracting extensive research interest due to their simple preparation methods, high drug loading efficiency, and suitability for large-scale industrial production.

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Psoriasis: From Clinical Practice to Basic Research.

Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, represents a significant clinical challenge due to its complex pathogenesis and the limitations of existing therapeutic strategies. Current psoriasis diagnoses are primarily clinician-dependent, with instrumental diagnostics serving as adjuncts. Ongoing research is progressively deciphering its molecular underpinnings; the future of psoriasis diagnostics may involve genetic and immunological profiling to pinpoint biomarkers, enabling more accurate and timely interventions.

Tenascin C-Guided Nanosystem for Precision Delivery of Obeticholic Acid in Liver Fibrosis Therapy.

Liver fibrosis, a hallmark of chronic liver diseases, is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and scar tissue formation. Current antifibrotic nanomedicines face significant limitations, including poor penetration into fibrotic tissue, rapid clearance, and suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. The dense fibrotic ECM acts as a major physiological barrier, necessitating the development of a targeted delivery strategy to achieve effective therapeutic outcomes.

Innovative Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-Enriched Hydrogels for Enhanced Topical Delivery of L-Glutathione: A Novel Approach to Anti-Ageing.

Skin ageing, driven predominantly by oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by environmental factors like ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, accounts for approximately 80% of extrinsic skin damage. L-glutathione (GSH), a potent antioxidant, holds promise in combating UVA-induced oxidative stress. However, its instability and limited penetration through the stratum corneum hinder its topical application.