HMGB1 lactylation drives neutrophil extracellular trap formation in lactate-induced acute kidney injury.

Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome associated with a multitude of conditions. Although renal replacement therapy (RRT) remains the cornerstone of treatment for advanced AKI, its implementation can potentially pose risks and may not be readily accessible across all healthcare settings and regions. Elevated lactate levels are implicated in sepsis-induced AKI; however, it remains unclear whether increased lactate directly induces AKI or elucidates the underlying mechanisms.

Spatial distribution-based progression of spinal cord injury pathology: a key role for neuroimmune cells.

An external trauma, illness, or other pathological cause can harm the structure and function of the spinal cord, resulting in a significant neurological disorder known as spinal cord injury (SCI). In addition to impairing movement and sensory functions, spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers complex pathophysiological responses, with the spatial dynamics of immune cells playing a key role. The inflammatory response and subsequent healing processes following SCI are profoundly influenced by the spatial distribution and movement of immune cells.

Copper in the colorectal cancer microenvironment: pioneering a new era of cuproptosis-based therapy.

Copper, an essential trace element and biochemical cofactor in humans plays a critical role in maintaining health. Recent studies have identified a significant association between copper levels and the progression and metastasis of cancer. Copper is primarily absorbed in the intestinal tract, often leading to an imbalance of copper ions in the body.

Autophagic flux modulates tumor heterogeneity and lineage plasticity in SCLC.

Introduction: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by significant heterogeneity and plasticity, contributing to its aggressive progression and therapy resistance. Autophagy, a conserved cellular process, is implicated in many cancers, but its role in SCLC remains unclear.

Methods: Using a genetically engineered mouse model ( ; ; GFP-LC3-RFP-LC3△G), we tracked autophagic flux to investigate its effects on SCLC biology.

Surgical treatment of mammalian bites----experience in the management of facial wounds by dog and cat bite in China.

Mammalian bites to the face challenges not only related to wound healing but also to aesthetic outcomes. This study aims to summarize 7 years of experience in treating mammalian bite wounds and propose a surgical approach for managing these wounds. From July 2016 to August 2023, 185 cases were treated and retrospectively evaluated.

The Eurasian Magpie Preys on the Nests of Vinous-throated Parrotbills in Invasive Smooth Cordgrass.

Native animals worldwide are experiencing long-term coexistence with invasive plants, leading to diverse behavioral changes. Invasive plants may create new habitat structures that affect the distribution or behavior of prey, which in turn might attract predators to these novel habitats, thereby altering predator-prey dynamics within the ecosystem. However, this phenomenon is rarely reported.

Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) science: Probing the transient and time-variable sky.

The study of transient and variable events, including novae, active galactic nuclei, and black hole binaries, has historically been a fruitful path for elucidating the evolutionary mechanisms of our universe. The study of such events in the millimeter and submillimeter is, however, still in its infancy. Submillimeter observations probe a variety of materials, such as optically thick dust, which are hard to study in other wavelengths.

Assessment of heart rate deceleration capacity, heart rate deceleration runs, heart rate acceleration capacity, and lipoprotein-related phospholipase A2 as predictors in individuals with dementia.

Background: Autonomic dysfunction plays an essential role in dementia, however, it is not known whether electrocardiogram autonomic dysfunction-related indicators are associated with the severity of dementia. In this study, we attempted to investigate whether these indicators are correlated in patients with vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease compared with normal health individuals. For this purpose, we measured and analyzed the predictive value of heart rate deceleration capacity (DC), heart rate deceleration runs (DRs), heart rate acceleration capacity (AC) along with the plasma levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2).

Structure-based identification of HNF4α agonists: Rosmarinic acid as a promising candidate for NAFLD treatment.

Unlabelled: The prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), have emerged as critical global health challenges. Current lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies are associated with side effects, including hepatotoxicity, rhabdomyolysis, and decreased erythrocyte counts, underscoring the urgent need for safer therapeutic alternatives. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) has been identified as a pivotal regulator of lipid metabolism, making it an attractive target for drug development.

Population pharmacokinetics and dosing optimization of imipenem in Chinese elderly patients.

Objectives: To assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of imipenem in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized Chinese older patients.

Methods: A population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model was constructed utilizing a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach. The final model underwent evaluation through bootstrap resampling and visual predictive checks.

Gut microbiota derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide influences prostate cancer progression via the p38/HMOX1 pathway.

Background: Prostate cancer was the fourth most diagnosed cancer worldwide in 2022. Radical treatments and androgen deprivation therapy benefit newly diagnosed patients but impact quality of life, often leading to castration-resistant prostate cancer. Short-term dietary changes significantly affect the gut microbiota, which differs markedly between prostate cancer patients and healthy individuals, impacting both cancer progression and treatment response.

Role of copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in heart failure pathogenesis: implications for therapeutic strategies.

Copper is an essential micronutrient involved in various physiological processes in various cell types. Consequently, dysregulation of copper homeostasis-either excessive or deficient-can lead to pathological changes, such as heart failure (HF). Recently, a new type of copper-dependent cell death known as cuproptosis has drawn increasing attention to the impact of copper dyshomeostasis on HF.

Exploring the toxicology, socio-ecological impacts and biodegradation of microplastics in Africa: Potentials for resource conservation.

Achieving upcycling and circularity in the microplastic economy predominantly depends on collecting and sorting plastic waste from the source to the end-user for resource conservation. Microplastics, whether from packaging or non-packaging materials, pose a significant environmental challenge as they are often not prioritized for collection or recycling initiatives. The presence of additives impedes the quality of plastic recyclates and the persistence of microplastics as shredded resultants remain a threat to the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem and its biodiversity.

The relationship between cardiometabolic Index and diabetic kidney disease in people with diabetes.

Introduction: Studies have shown a strong correlation between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and health issues such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and decreased renal function. Nevertheless, the correlation between CMI and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains ambiguous. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between CMI and DKD in patients with diabetes in the United States.

BcWRKY25-BcWRKY33A-BcLRP1/BcCOW1 module promotes root development for improved salt tolerance in Bok choy.

Root development is a complex process involving phytohormones and transcription factors. Our previous research has demonstrated that is significantly expressed in Bok choy roots under salt stress, and heterologous expression of increases salt tolerance and promotes root development in transgenic . However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which BcWRKY33A governs root development remain elusive.

Enhanced Benefit of STA-MCA Bypass Surgery in Chronic Terminal Internal Carotid and/or Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Patients With Impaired Collateral Circulation: Introducing a Novel Assessment Approach for Collateral Compensation.

Ischemic stroke is one of the major emergency diseases leading to death and disability worldwide, characterized by its acute onset and the urgent need for prompt medical intervention to reduce mortality and long-term disability. Chronic terminal internal carotid artery and/or middle cerebral artery occlusion (CTI/MCAO) is an important subtype of intracranial artery occlusive disease. The superficial temporal artery-to-MCA (STA-MCA) bypass has been proposed to improve cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR), potentially enhancing neurological outcomes.

Screening and identification of two novel phosphate-solubilizing strains and their role in enhancing phosphorus uptake in rice.

Low phosphorus (P) use efficiency significantly impacts rice yields. An environmentally friendly approach to increase phosphorus absorption and utilization in rice involves the exploration of phosphorus-solubilizing fungal resources. This study aimed to isolate and characterize fungal strains from the rice rhizosphere and assess their phosphate solubilization capabilities, plant-growth-promoting (PGP) traits, and mechanisms involved.

Pim3 up-regulation by YY1 contributes to diabetes-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.

Objectives: The close relationship of proto-oncogenes to myocardial hypertrophy has long been recognized, and cardiac hypertrophy leads to heart failure (HF). However, whether proviral insertion of Moloney virus 3 kinase (Pim3), a proto-oncogene, contributes to cardiac hypertrophy in diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown. This study aims to investigate whether Pim3 is involved in DM-induced cardiac hypertrophy and HF and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Aggregation-induced emission in novel multilayered 3D polymers: development of a fluorescent probe for selective metal ion detection.

This study presents the characterization of a novel multilayered three-dimensional (3D) polymer exhibiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties when excited at a low wavelength of 280 nm. Utilizing fluorescence spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the polymer displays a marked enhancement in luminescence upon aggregation, a characteristic behavior that distinguishes AIE-active materials from conventional fluorophores. Furthermore, we explore the potential application of this multilayered 3D polymer as a fluorescent probe for the selective detection of specified metal ions.

Barriers to self-management engagement among community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Self-management is crucial for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to enhance cognitive health and mitigate the potential risk of dementia. However, maintaining consistent engagement in self-management strategies seems a challenge for older adults with MCI. This study sought to gain insights into the barriers to self-management engagement among community-dwelling older adults with MCI.

Mechanically regulated microcarriers with stem cell loading for skin photoaging therapy.

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation compromises skin structural integrity and results in disruption of normal physiological functions. Stem cells have gained attention in anti-photoaging, while controlling the tissue mechanical microenvironment of cell delivery sites is crucial for regulating cell fate and achieving optimal therapeutic performances. Here, we introduce a mechanically regulated human recombinant collagen (RHC) microcarrier generated through microfluidics, which is capable of modulating stem cell differentiation to treat photoaged skin.

Sulfone-Embedded NIR Fluorophore with Large Stokes Shift for Monitoring Viscosity Changes during NAFLD-Induced Ferroptosis.

The accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species and changes in the intracellular microenvironment, while ferroptosis is the result of the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Herein, we have developed a viscosity-sensitive fluorescence probe PTSO with near-infrared emission and a large Stokes shift, which were achieved by introducing the sulfone group into the dioxothiochromen-malononitrile fluorophore as an electron-withdrawing group.

Advanced wood-inorganic composites: preparation, properties and perspectives.

In recent years, the widespread use of wood products has been observed in many fields. Wooden products have excellent green and environmentally friendly characteristics, but their performance often cannot meet people's needs. Many researchers have conducted in-depth research on wood-based composite materials and their modification methods in order to improve the performance of wood.

Selenium nanoparticles modified with Ophiocordyceps gracilis polysaccharides: Enhancing stability, bioavailability, and anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Here, a high molecular weight polysaccharide preparation from Ophiocordyceps gracilis was utilized as a stabilizer and dispersant to create nanocomposites based on selenium nanoparticles (GSP-1a-SeNPs). The NPs showed the highest stability at a selenium/polysaccharide mass ratio of 1:1, with no significant change after 28 days of storage at 4 °C. The NPs exhibited a symmetrical spheroid structure with an average diameter of 85.