Development and validation of a machine learning-based model to predict survival in patients with cirrhosis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

Background: Although numerous prognostic scores have been developed for patients with cirrhosis after Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement over years, an accurate machine learning (ML)-based model remains unavailable. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a ML-based prognostic model to predict survival in patients with cirrhosis after TIPS placement.

Methods: In this retrospective study in China, patients diagnosed with cirrhosis after TIPS placement from 2014 to 2020 in our cohort were included to develop a ML-based model.

Recent Advances in Understanding the Clinical Responses of Brentuximab Vedotin in Lymphoma and the Correlation with CD30 Expression.

Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is an antibody-drug conjugate that combines the CD30 monoclonal antibody with the microtubule-disrupting agent, monomethyl auristatin E, which induces apoptosis in the tumor cell upon its release from the conjugate. The safety and efficacy of BV have been assessed in several studies in patients with T- and B-cell lymphomas. This article reviews the currently available data on the distribution of CD30 expression in T- and B-cell lymphomas, as well as the various levels of CD30 positivity cutoff used in the literature.

Identification of crucial extracellular genes as potential biomarkers in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to study the role of extracellular proteins as biomarkers associated with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes (NT1D) diagnosis and prognosis.

Patients And Methods: We retrieved and analyzed the GSE55098 microarray dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using R software, we screened out the extracellular protein-differentially expressed genes (EP-DEGs) through several protein-related databases.

Cross-subject mental workload recognition using bi-classifier domain adversarial learning.

To deploy Electroencephalogram (EEG) based Mental Workload Recognition (MWR) systems in the real world, it is crucial to develop general models that can be applied across subjects. Previous studies have utilized domain adaptation to mitigate inter-subject discrepancies in EEG data distributions. However, they have focused on reducing global domain discrepancy, while neglecting local workload-categorical domain divergence.

Comparison of the effects between arthroscopic transtibial pullout technique and all-inside repair in the treatment of medial meniscus posterior root tears.

Background: Medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) significantly contribute to knee dysfunction, leading to abnormal biomechanics and accelerated cartilage degeneration. Arthroscopic transtibial pullout and all-inside repair are two commonly used techniques for treating MMPRTs, each with unique advantages and limitations.

Objective: To compare the clinical and functional outcomes of the transtibial pullout and all-inside repair techniques in the treatment of MMPRTs, with a focus on postoperative recovery, knee function, and complications.

Insights into the mechanisms, regulation, and therapeutic implications of extracellular matrix stiffness in cancer.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for cancer initiation, growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a significant tumor component that serves various functions, including mechanical support, TME regulation, and signal molecule generation. The quantity and cross-linking status of ECM components are crucial factors in tumor development, as they determine tissue stiffness and the interaction between stiff TME and cancer cells, resulting in aberrant mechanotransduction, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and treatment resistance.

Serum Periostin as a Potential Biomarker in the Evaluation of Allergic Rhinitis: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Although periostin has recently emerged as a new mediator in chronic allergic diseases, particularly in upper airway disease, its significance as a biomarker for allergic rhinitis (AR) is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to assess the potential of periostin as a novel candidate biomarker for diagnosing and assessing the severity of AR.

Patients And Methods: A total of 40 patients with AR and 22 healthy controls, all aged over 18 years, were recruited for the study.

Relationship between imaging changes of the pancreas and islet beta-cell function.

Imaging changes in the pancreas can provide valuable information about the status of islet beta-cell function in different pancreatic diseases, such as diabetes, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, fatty pancreas, and insulinoma. While imaging cannot directly measure beta-cell function; it can be used as a marker of disease progression and a tool to guide therapeutic interventions. As imaging technologies continue to advance, they will likely play an increasingly important role in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing diabetes.

Effect of General Anesthesia Combined with Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Postoperative Sleep Disorders in Elderly Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of general anesthesia combined with transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative sleep disorders in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery.

Methods: For elderly patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors, we recruited 94 patients, aged 65-80, who were scheduled for radical laparoscopic surgery. Using the random number table method, the patients were randomly divided into two groups, the general anesthesia group (group GA) and the general anesthesia combined with transversus abdominis plane block group (group GT).

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Occupational Groups in Key Industries - China, 2018-2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Lower extremity musculoskeletal diseases (LE-MSDs) have emerged as a significant contributor to the global disease economic burden and worker absenteeism, becoming a global public health concern. However, the epidemic characteristics of LE-MSDs among occupational populations in China are unknown.

What Is Added By This Report?: This report finds that the LE-MSDs prevalence rate among key occupational groups in China is 17.

Analysis of Mortality and Life Expectancy Determinants Among 5,791 Deceased Pneumoconiosis Patients - Jiangsu Province, China, 2011-2023.

Pneumoconiosis is the occupational disease with the highest proportion in China. This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 5,791 deceased pneumoconiosis patients. In this study, males comprised 93.

Meta-atoms: From Metamaterials to Metachips.

Electromagnetic (EM) metamaterials represent a cutting-edge field that achieves anomalously macroscopic properties through artificial design and arrangement of microstructure arrays to freely manipulate EM fields and waves in desired ways. The unit cell of a microstructure array is also called a meta-atom, which can construct effective medium parameters that do not exist in traditional materials or are difficult to realize with traditional technologies. By deep integration with digital information, the meta-atom is evolved to a digital meta-atom, leading to the emergence of information metamaterials.

Finely Tailored Conjugated Small Molecular Nanoparticles for Near-Infrared Biomedical Applications.

Near-infrared (NIR) phototheranostics (PTs) show higher tissue penetration depth, signal-to-noise ratio, and better biosafety than PTs in the ultraviolet and visible regions. However, their further advancement is severely hindered by poor performances and short-wavelength absorptions/emissions of PT agents. Among reported PT agents, conjugated small molecular nanoparticles (CSMNs) prepared from D-A-typed photoactive conjugated small molecules (CSMs) have greatly mediated this deadlock by their high photostability, distinct chemical structure, tunable absorption, intrinsic multifunctionality, and favorable biocompatibility, which endows CSMNs with more possibilities in biological applications.

Ionizable Cholesterol Analogs as the Fifth Component of Lipid Nanoparticles for Selective Targeting Delivery of mRNA.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have shown great promise in clinical applications for delivering mRNA. Targeted delivery of mRNA to particular tissues or organs is essential for precise therapeutic outcomes and minimized side effects in various disease models. However, achieving targeted delivery beyond the liver is a challenge based on current LNP formulations.

Superfast nanodroplet propulsion in 2D nanochannels tuned by strain gradients.

Directional transport of droplets is crucial for industrial applications and chemical engineering processes, with significant potential demonstrated in water harvesting, microfluidics, and heat transfer. In this work, we present a novel approach to induce self-driving behavior in nanodroplets within a two-dimensional (2D) nanochannel using a strain gradient, as demonstrated through molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings reveal that a small strain gradient imposed along a nanochannel constructed by parallel surfaces can induce water transport at ultrafast velocities (O(10 m s)), far exceeding macroscale predictions.

A low-temperature ionic liquid system for topochemical synthesis of Si nanospheres for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Silicon is utilized as a functional material in various fields such as semiconductors, bio-medicine, and solar energy. To prepare Si materials, researchers have proposed methods including carbothermal reduction, hydrothermal reduction, and magnesiothermal reduction, but these strategies often involve high temperatures or unwanted by-products. Herein, we present a low-temperature ionic liquid reduction system to prepare Si nanospheres based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-aluminum chloride ([Bmim]Cl-AlCl).

Selective Crystallization Separation of Uranium(VI) Complexes from Lanthanides.

The limited availability of uranium (U) resources poses significant challenges to the advancement of nuclear energy. Recycling uranium from spent fuel is critical, but the coexistence of lanthanides (Ln) complicates the extraction process significantly. Here, we present an N/O ligand, ()-'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene) picolinohydrazide (), designed for the selective recovery of U(VI) over Ln(III/IV) in acidic environments.

Monomeric or Homodimer Conjugates of Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor and Cyanine 7 Bearing a Meso-Chloride as Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probes: Design, Synthesis, and Comparative Imaging of Distinct Breast Cancer Subtypes.

Intraoperative fluorescence navigation can illuminate the tumor, directing surgeons to accurately achieve negative margins, which not only reduces recurrence but also minimizes the incidence of complications. Herein, we developed two near-infrared fluorescent probes (Em = 820 nm) and (Em = 823 nm) with prolonged tumor retention (>72 h) and high target-to-background ratios (up to 4.5) based on the conjugation of pan-cancer targeted fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) and the "tumor-seeking" Cyanine 7 bearing a meso-chloride and a cyclohexenyl skeleton (Cy7-Cl).

3D-Porous Electrocatalyst with Tip-Enhanced Electric Field Effect Enables High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer.

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), as one of the most advanced methods for the green production of hydrogen, is greatly impeded by inefficient mass transfer. Here we present an efficiently reactant enriched and mass traffic system by integrating high-curvature Pt nanocones with 3D porous TiAl framework to enhance mass transfer rate. Theoretical simulations, in situ Raman spectroscopy and potential-dependent Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results disclose that the strong local electric field induced by high-curvature Pt can greatly promote the HO supply rate during HER, resulting in ∼1.

High-Efficiency Intrinsically Thermoplastic Semiconducting Polymer with Excellent Strain-Tolerance Capacity for Flexible Ultra-Deep-Blue Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes.

Complex internal stresses that appear in flexible thin-film electronic devices under long-term deformation operation are associated with incompatible mechanical properties of the multiple layers, which potentially cause intralayer fracture and separation. These defects may result in device instability, performance loss, and failure. Herein, a thermoplastic functional strategy is proposed for manufacturing high-performance stretchable semiconducting polymers with excellent strain-tolerance capacities for flexible electronic devices.

Pretargeted Multimodal Tumor Imaging by Enzymatic Self-Immobilization Labeling and Bioorthogonal Reaction.

Covalent modification of cell membranes has shown promise for tumor imaging and therapy. However, existing membrane labeling techniques face challenges such as slow kinetics and poor selectivity for cancer cells, leading to off-target effects and suboptimal efficacy. Here, we present an enzyme-triggered self-immobilization labeling strategy, termed E-SIM, which enables rapid and selective labeling of tumor cell membranes with bioorthogonal trans-cycloctene (TCO) handles .

A Nitrate/Nitrite Biosensor Designed with an Antiterminator for Diagnosis of Colitis Based on .

is a common microorganism in the human gut that has been linked to health benefits. Furthermore, it is an emerging synthetic biology chassis with the potential to be modified into diagnostic or therapeutic engineered probiotics. However, the absence of biological components limits its further applications.

P/P═O Redox Catalysis Mediated Thioesterification of Carboxylic Acids with Disulfides under Air Conditions.

An efficient organophosphorus-catalyzed thiocarbonylation reaction of disulfides with carboxylic acids under air conditions was described. Various functional groups on carboxylic acids and disulfides can be tolerated under the present reaction conditions, affording thioesters in good to excellent yields. This method exhibited excellent chemoselectivity and can be applied for the late-stage functionalization of drug molecules containing a carboxylic acid group.

Pharyngeal Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis: A 16S rRNA Sequencing Study.

While recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of the skin and gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), the influence of pharyngeal microbiota on AD remains unclear. This study aims to explore disparities in the composition of pharyngeal flora among AD patients and their potential role in the pathogenesis of AD. Between March and May 2023, 30 patients with AD at the outpatient department of Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were recruited, along with 20 healthy subjects, underwent 16S rRNA sequencing on pharyngeal swabs.

Deep learning in integrating spatial transcriptomics with other modalities.

Spatial transcriptomics technologies have been extensively applied in biological research, enabling the study of transcriptome while preserving the spatial context of tissues. Paired with spatial transcriptomics data, platforms often provide histology and (or) chromatin images, which capture cellular morphology and chromatin organization. Additionally, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from matching tissues often accompany spatial data, offering a transcriptome-wide gene expression profile of individual cells.