Intramolecular trapping of spiro radicals to produce unusual cyclization products from usual migration substrates.

A conceptually new methodology to give unusual cyclization products from usual migration substrates was disclosed. The highly complex and structurally important and valuable spirocyclic compounds were produced through radical addition, intramolecular cyclization and ring opening instead of usual migration to the di-functionalization products of olefins. Furthermore, a plausible mechanism was proposed based on a series of mechanistic studies including radical trapping, radical clock, verification experiments of intermediates, isotope labeling and KIE experiments.

Improved performance of Cr(vi)-reducing microbial fuel cells by nano-FeS hybridized biocathodes.

Biocathode microbial fuel cells (MFCs) show promise for Cr(vi)-contaminated wastewater treatment. However, biocathode deactivation and passivation caused by highly toxic Cr(vi) and nonconductive Cr(iii) deposition limit the development of this technology. A nano-FeS hybridized electrode biofilm was fabricated by simultaneously feeding Fe and S sources into the MFC anode.

Sustainable and practical formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds employing organo-alkali metal reagents.

Metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions are amongst the most widely used methods to directly construct new bonds. In this connection, sustainable and practical protocols, especially transition metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions, have become the focus in many aspects of synthetic chemistry due to their high efficiency and atom economy. This review summarises recent advances from 2012 to 2022 in the formation of carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-heteroatom bonds by employing organo-alkali metal reagents.

Synthesis of carbinoxamine α-C(sp)-H 2-pyridylation of O, S or N-containing compounds enabled by non-D-A-type super organoreductants and sulfoxide- or sulfide HAT reagents.

The radical cations of tertiary amines (RN) have been well-established as the precursors of HAT reagents in photochemical transformations. Similarly, thiols and thioacids bearing SH groups have also been widely applied as HAT reagents. Despite the fact that sulfoxides (RSO) and sulfides (RSR) also bear lone pairs of electrons, these compounds have been barely reported as HAT reagents in photocatalysis.

Nanomaterials for the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction under ambient conditions.

As an important chemical product and carbon-free energy carrier, ammonia has a wide range of daily applications in several related fields. Although the industrial synthesis method using the Haber-Bosch process could meet production demands, its huge energy consumption and gas emission limit its long-time development. Therefore, the clean and sustainable electrocatalytic N reduction reaction (NRR) operating under conditions have attracted great attention in recent years.

Mechanistic study of the bismuth mediated fluorination of arylboronic esters and further rational design.

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to gain insight into the catalytic mechanism of the bismuth redox catalyzed fluorination of arylboronic esters to deliver the widely used arylfluoride compounds ( 2020, , 313-317). The study reveals that the whole catalysis can be characterized three stages: (i) transmetallation generates the Bi(iii) intermediate 5, capitalizing on the use of KF as an activator. (ii) 5 then reacts with the electrophilic fluorination reagent 1-fluoro-2,6-dichloropyridinium 4 oxidative addition to give the Bi(v) intermediate IM4A.

Fly ash derived calcium silicate hydrate as a highly efficient and fast adsorbent for Cu(ii) ions: role of copolymer functionalization.

The environmental issues caused by heavy metal accumulation from polluted water are becoming serious and threaten human health and the ecosystem. The adsorption technology represented by calcium silicate hydrate has attracted much attention, but suffers from high manufacturing costs and poor stability bottlenecks. Here, we have proposed a "trash-to-treasure" conversion strategy to prepare a thin sheet calcium silicate hydrate material (ACSH) using solid waste fly ash as silicon source and a small amount of Acumer2000 as modifier.

A reversible plasmonic nanoprobe for dynamic imaging of intracellular pH during endocytosis.

Understanding the pH evolution during endocytosis is essential for our comprehension of the fundamental processes of biology as well as effective nanotherapeutic design. Herein, we constructed a plasmonic Au@PANI core-shell nanoprobe, which possessed significantly different scattering properties under acidic and basic conditions. Encouragingly, the scattering signal of Au@PANI nanoprobes displayed a positive linear correlation with the pH value not only in PBS but also in nigericin-treated cells.

Vitamin B1-catalyzed aerobic oxidative esterification of aromatic aldehydes with alcohols.

A straightforward aerobic oxidative esterification of aryl aldehydes with alcohols has been developed for the synthesis of substituted esters by employing vitamin B1 as a cost-effective, metal-free, and eco-friendly NHC catalyst. Air is used as a green terminal oxidant. The reaction is a useful addition to the existing NHC-catalytic oxidative esterification.

Electrochemical immunosensor based on mussel inspired coating for simultaneous detection and elimination of in drinks.

() is one of the most commonly isolated foodborne pathogens, and is considered as a major cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. However, the development of smart and accurate analytical methods for the simultaneous detection and elimination of in matrices of food or drinks remains challenging. In the present work, a mussel-inspired material, ε-poly-l-lysine-3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (EPD), was designed and fabricated based on its Schiff base structure.

Design of ferrocenylseleno-dopamine derivatives to optimize the Fenton-like reaction efficiency and antitumor efficacy.

In the current study, six ferrocenylseleno-dopamine derivatives with different structural parameters were designed. Among these derivatives, F4b, containing two ferrocene units and a tertiary amine, showed anticancer activity with IC = 2.4 ± 0.

An masking strategy enables radical monodecarboxylative C-C bond coupling of malonic acid derivatives.

The utilization of malonic acids in radical decarboxylative functionalization is still underexploited, and the few existing examples are primarily limited to bisdecarboxylative functionalization. While radical monodecarboxylative functionalization is highly desirable, it is challenging because of the difficulty in suppressing the second radical decarboxylation step. Herein, we report the successful radical monodecarboxylative C-C bond coupling of malonic acids with ethynylbenziodoxolone (EBX) reagents enabled by an masking strategy, affording synthetically useful 2(3)-furanones in satisfactory yields.

Metal-free C(sp)-H functionalization of sulfonamides strain-release rearrangement.

With the increasing awareness of sustainable chemistry principles, the development of an efficient and mild strategy for C(sp)-H bond activation of nitrogen-containing compounds without the utilization of any oxidant and metal is still highly desired and challenging. Herein, we present a metal-free reaction system that enables C-H bond functionalization of aliphatic sulfonamides using DABCO as a promoter under mild conditions, affording a series of α,β-unsaturated imines in good yields with high selectivities. This protocol tolerates a broad range of functionalities and can serve as a powerful synthetic tool for the late-stage modification of complex compounds.

Designing caps for colloidal Au nanoparticles.

The plasmonic property of a nanostructure is highly dependent on its morphology, but there are few methods for appending a domain as the "functional group" or modifier. As a means of modulating plasmonic properties, we create and modulate Au hats on Au nanoparticles, including mortarboards, beret hats, helmets, crowns, antler hats and antenna hats. The structural control arises from the active surface growth as a result of dynamic competition between ligand absorption and metal deposition.

Hairy silica nanosphere supported metal nanoparticles for reductive degradation of dye pollutants.

Hairy materials can act as a sort of scaffold for the fabrication of functional hybrid composites. In this work, silica nanospheres modified with covalently grafted poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) brushes, namely, "hairy" silica spheres, were utilized as a support for the anchorage of metal nanoparticles (MNPs), thus resulting in the hierarchical SiO@P4VP/MNP structure. In this triple-phase boundary heteronanostructure, the SiO-supported MNPs are well stabilized by the P4VP matrix to avoid aggregation and leaching.

Facile fabrication of Fe-doped NbO nanofibers by an electrospinning process and their application in photocatalysis.

It is of top priority to develop highly efficient visible-light photocatalysts to realize the practical applications of photocatalysis in industry. Niobium pentoxide (NbO) is considered as a potentially attractive candidate for the visible-light-driven photodegradation of organic pollutants. In an effort to enhance its photocatalytic activity, Fe-doped NbO nanofibers with various Fe contents (the molar ratios of Fe to Nb were 0.

Sustainable separation of bio-based cadaverine based on carbon dioxide capture by forming carbamate.

Bio-based cadaverine, manufactured by the decarboxylation of l-lysine, is an important raw material. However, the extractive-distillation separation and purification of cadaverine from bioconversion fluids require high energy consumption and leads to the loss of self-released carbon dioxide during the decarboxylation of l-lysine. This study focuses on the green and sustainable separation of bio-based cadaverine based on the capture of self-released carbon dioxide by cadaverine forming carbamate.

Amino group dependent sensing properties of metal-organic frameworks: selective turn-on fluorescence detection of lysine and arginine.

Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively investigated as fluorescence chemsensors due to their tunable porosity, framework structure and photoluminescence properties. In this paper, a well-known Zr(iv)-based MOF, UiO-66-NH was demonstrated to have capability for detection of l-lysine (Lys) and l-arginine (Arg) selectively from common essential amino acids in aqueous media a fluorescence turn-on mechanism. Further investigation reveals its high sensitivity and strong anti-interference properties.

3D flower-like molybdenum disulfide modified graphite felt as a positive material for vanadium redox flow batteries.

3D flower-like molybdenum disulfide microsphere modified graphite felt (MoS/GF) with excellent electrocatalytic activity and redox reversibility for the VO/VO couple is successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method. The results show that the hydrothermal reaction time has a deep influence on the MoS structure; an open 3D flower-like MoS structure with a layer spacing of 0.63 nm is uniformly grafted on the GF surface for a reaction time of 36 h.

Hypercrosslinked phenothiazine-based polymers as high redox potential organic cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Organic cathode materials have been demonstrated to be highly promising sustainable cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. However, the low redox potentials, low electrical conductivity, and the undesirable dissolution in organic electrolytes greatly limit their applications. Herein, two insoluble hypercrosslinked porous conductive polymers with phenothiazine motifs, HPEPT and HPPT, were successfully accomplished with high and stable discharge potentials at 3.

Establishment of the equivalent structural model for the tectonic coal and some implications for the methane migration.

The establishment of the equivalent structural model (ESM) is the foundation to simplify the structures of the coal matrix and fractures for the study of methane migration. The ESM of the intact coal has been proposed and widely used by many scholars, but the ESM of the tectonic coal has not been found in the literature. The application of the ESM of the intact coal to the tectonic coal is not reasonable for the study of the methane migration properties, so the establishment of the ESM for the tectonic coal is necessary and meaningful.

Ultrasensitive detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B in milk based on target-triggered assembly of the flower like nucleic acid nanostructure.

A rapid and ultrasensitive method is described for the detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). It is based on the formation of the flower like nucleic acid nanostructure by integrating (a) target-induced triggering of DNA release with (b) signal amplification by a hybridization chain reaction (HCR). Firstly, partially complementary pairing of aptamer and trigger DNA forms a duplex structure.

Mono-acrylated isosorbide as a bio-based monomer for the improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate).

Despite its optical clarity and good weatherability, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) cannot meet the needs of special occasions due to its deficient thermal and mechanical properties. To overcome these shortcomings, a type of novel bio-based monomer, mono-acrylated isosorbide, was used as a comonomer for the poly(methyl methacrylate) a solution polymerization process. The chemical structure, the thermal and mechanical properties of the copolymerized PMMA were characterized.

The dual deformation and remodeling of coal powders: implications for obtaining reliable stress-formed coal samples.

The preparation of suitable specimens is important for obtaining credible mechanical and methane migration parameters for tectonic coal, which help to guide methane extraction and disaster prevention. In this study, a dual-deformation mechanism for porous media was introduced along with two powder compression models, and the issues that should be considered in the preparation of coal specimens were analyzed. By compression tests, the relationship between bed relative density and the applied stress in the compression of coal particles was obtained.

Efficient resolution of 3-aryloxy-1,2-propanediols using CLEA-YCJ01 with high enantioselectivity.

The lipase YCJ01 from is an organic solvent-stable enzyme and its activity can be activated by a hydrophobic solvent due to the "interface activation" mechanism. The activity of lipase YCJ01 increased by 2.1-fold with -butanol as the precipitant even after cross-linking.