Preparation and study of the flame retardant properties of C/PMMA microspheres.

In this paper, highly flame retardant C/PMMA composites were prepared using an polymerization method by introducing fullerene (C) into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to improve its combustion characteristics. The apparent morphologies of PMMA and C/PMMA microspheres were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The thermal stability and flame retardancy were characterized using a synchronous thermal analyzer, a cone calorimeter and an oxygen index tester.

Fly ash derived calcium silicate hydrate as a highly efficient and fast adsorbent for Cu(ii) ions: role of copolymer functionalization.

The environmental issues caused by heavy metal accumulation from polluted water are becoming serious and threaten human health and the ecosystem. The adsorption technology represented by calcium silicate hydrate has attracted much attention, but suffers from high manufacturing costs and poor stability bottlenecks. Here, we have proposed a "trash-to-treasure" conversion strategy to prepare a thin sheet calcium silicate hydrate material (ACSH) using solid waste fly ash as silicon source and a small amount of Acumer2000 as modifier.

Liposomes as Multifunctional Nano-Carriers for Medicinal Natural Products.

Although medicinal natural products and their derivatives have shown promising effects in disease therapies, they usually suffer the drawbacks in low solubility and stability in the physiological environment, low delivery efficiency, side effects due to multi-targeting, and low site-specific distribution in the lesion. In this review, targeted delivery was well-guided by liposomal formulation in the aspects of preparation of functional liposomes, liposomal medicinal natural products, combined therapies, and image-guided therapy. This review is believed to provide useful guidance to enhance the targeted therapy of medicinal natural products and their derivatives.

Improving the Intrinsic Stretchability of Fully Conjugated Polymer for Deep-Blue Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes with a Narrow Band Emission: Benefits of Self-Toughness Effect.

It is challenging to construct the intrinsically stretchable active layer of rigid conjugated polymers (CPs) toward flexible deep-blue light-emitting diodes (FLEDs). Inspired by the self-toughness effect, sacrificial hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) and a cross-linked network synergistically enabled polydiarylfluorene (PFs-NH) films to present efficient deep-blue emission and excellent intrinsic stretchability. In particular, a cross-linked network structure presenting viscoelasticity behaviors, which was successfully inherited into postprocessed films with interchain interpenetration and a crystallinity domain and behaved as energy absorption and dissipation centers, was induced by the interchain H-bonding interaction in toluene (Tol) precursor solutions where the storage moduli (') gradually exceeded the loss moduli (″).

Simple, Skin-Attachable, and Multifunctional Colorimetric Sweat Sensor.

In situ analysis of sweat provides a simple, convenient, cost-effective, and noninvasive approach for the early diagnosis of physical illness in humans and is particularly useful in family care. In this study, a flexible and skin-attachable colorimetric sweat sensor for multiplexed analysis is developed using a simple, cost-effective, and convenient method. The obtained sweat sensor can be used to simultaneously detect glucose, lactate, urea, and pH value in sweat, as well as sweat loss and skin temperature.

Probing interlayer shear thermal deformation in atomically-thin van der Waals layered materials.

Atomically-thin van der Waals layered materials, with both high in-plane stiffness and bending flexibility, offer a unique platform for thermomechanical engineering. However, the lack of effective characterization techniques hinders the development of this research topic. Here, we develop a direct experimental method and effective theoretical model to study the mechanical, thermal, and interlayer properties of van der Waals materials.

Rationally designed Ru(ii)-metallacycle chemo-phototheranostic that emits beyond 1000 nm.

Ruthenium complexes are emerging as potential complements to platinum drugs. They also show promise as photo-diagnostic and therapeutic agents. However, most ruthenium species studied to date as potential drugs are characterized by short excitation/emission wavelengths.

A reversible plasmonic nanoprobe for dynamic imaging of intracellular pH during endocytosis.

Understanding the pH evolution during endocytosis is essential for our comprehension of the fundamental processes of biology as well as effective nanotherapeutic design. Herein, we constructed a plasmonic Au@PANI core-shell nanoprobe, which possessed significantly different scattering properties under acidic and basic conditions. Encouragingly, the scattering signal of Au@PANI nanoprobes displayed a positive linear correlation with the pH value not only in PBS but also in nigericin-treated cells.

Direct Synthesis of MoS Nanosheets in Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoscroll for Enhanced Photodetection.

Due to their unique tubular and spiral structure, graphene and graphene oxide nanoscrolls (GONS) have shown extensive applications in various fields. However, it is still a challenge to improve the optoelectronic application of graphene and GONS because of the zero bandgap of graphene. Herein, ammonium tetrathiomolybdate ((NH)MoS) was firstly wrapped into the ((NH)MoS@GONS) by molecular combing the mixture of (NH)MoS and GO solution on hydrophobic substrate.

Vitamin B1-catalyzed aerobic oxidative esterification of aromatic aldehydes with alcohols.

A straightforward aerobic oxidative esterification of aryl aldehydes with alcohols has been developed for the synthesis of substituted esters by employing vitamin B1 as a cost-effective, metal-free, and eco-friendly NHC catalyst. Air is used as a green terminal oxidant. The reaction is a useful addition to the existing NHC-catalytic oxidative esterification.

Synthesis of asymmetric [bis(imidazolyl)-BH]-cation-based ionic liquids as potential rocket fuels.

As potential hypergolic fuels, hypergolic ionic liquids have attracted much attention since their development. Herein, a series of hypergolic ionic liquids based on asymmetric [bis(imidazolyl)-BH] cations were synthesized. The asymmetric structure of these hypergolic ionic liquids was further confirmed by NMR, infrared (IR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry-electron spray ionization (HRMS-ESI).

Selective catalytic reduction of NO over W-Zr-O /TiO: performance study of hierarchical pore structure.

A series of W-Zr-O /TiO catalysts with hierarchical pore structure were prepared and used for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH. Results showed that the 5C-WZ/T had a hierarchical pore structure, and exhibited high catalytic activity and good resistance to water and sulfur poisoning. The activity of the 5C-WZ/T catalyst was close to 100% in the range of 350-500 °C.

Surface plasmon coupling regulated CsPbBr perovskite lasers in a metal-insulator-semiconductor structure.

A strong coupling effect often occurs between a metal and semiconductor, so micro/nano-lasers based on surface plasmons can break through the optical diffraction limit and realize unprecedented linear and nonlinear enhancement of optical processes. Hence, metal-insulator-semiconductor (M-I-S) structures based on perovskite materials were explored to design optoelectronic devices. Herein, we constructed an Ag/SiO/CsPbBr hybrid structure to generate surface plasmon coupled emission between the metal and CsPbBr perovskite.

A facile synthesis of high entropy alloy nanoparticle-activated carbon nanocomposites for synergetic degradation of methylene blue.

Nanocomposites of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy nanoparticle-activated carbon (HEA NPs-AC) were prepared by a facile and controllable impregnation-adsorption method. The HEA NPs-AC showed excellent catalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) without any peroxide addition. Besides, their reaction rate is also competitive among single-element and other catalysts.

Electrochemical immunosensor based on mussel inspired coating for simultaneous detection and elimination of in drinks.

() is one of the most commonly isolated foodborne pathogens, and is considered as a major cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. However, the development of smart and accurate analytical methods for the simultaneous detection and elimination of in matrices of food or drinks remains challenging. In the present work, a mussel-inspired material, ε-poly-l-lysine-3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (EPD), was designed and fabricated based on its Schiff base structure.

Self- and dis-assembly behavior of segmented wormlike nanostructures from an ABC triblock copolymer.

Herein, we described the self-assembly of a triblock copolymer, poly(styrene--2-vinylpyridine--ethylene oxide) (PS--P2VP--PEO), in THF/water at room temperature to form segmented wormlike nanostructures. We found two different formation mechanisms of the segmented wormlike nanostructures from PS--P2VP--PEO with different molecular weights. Moreover, the dimension of such segmented wormlike nanostructures depends on the stirring rate.

Design of ferrocenylseleno-dopamine derivatives to optimize the Fenton-like reaction efficiency and antitumor efficacy.

In the current study, six ferrocenylseleno-dopamine derivatives with different structural parameters were designed. Among these derivatives, F4b, containing two ferrocene units and a tertiary amine, showed anticancer activity with IC = 2.4 ± 0.

Dual Functions of MDP Monomer with De- and Remineralizing Ability.

Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) has been speculated to induce mineralization, but there has been no convincing evidence of its ability to induce intrafibrillar mineralization. Polymers play a critical role in biomimetic mineralization as stabilizers/inducers of amorphous precursors. Hence, MDP-induced biomimetic mineralization without polymer additives has not been fully verified or elucidated.

The features of the crystal structure of the layered series hydrates of uridine-5'-monophosphate salts (UMPNa ·HO).

Almost all reported salts of nucleotides crystallized from solutions are in the form of hydrate. Layered hydrates often occur in crystals with more than five water molecules per host molecule. In the present report, five single-crystal structures of uridine-5'-monophosphate (UMP) series hydrates of acid or salts (UMPNa ·HO, = 0-2) were determined and analysed.

Small-molecule fluorescent probes based on covalent assembly strategy for chemoselective bioimaging.

Fluorescent probes have been widely studied and applied in environment and health analysis, where among them small molecular "covalent assembly" probes are a novel type of reaction probes with many advantages, including no background interference, remarkable colorimetric change, rapid response, high sensitivity, and strong fluorescent signal. During the past decade, significant contributions have been made globally to both the application and mechanism of covalent assembly probes. In this review, we summarize the recent development of covalent assembly probes, classifying them based on different analytes, such as anions, metal ions, small biological molecules, reactive oxidative spices (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), nerve agent mimics, and enzymes, and introduce their detection mechanism in detail.

Urchin-like hollow SiO@γ-MnO microparticles for the rapid degradation of organic dyes.

In this paper, using hollow silica microspheres as carriers, we developed a facile one-pot method for the preparation of hollow SiO@MnO composite microparticles. Under a certain proportion of hollow silica microspheres and manganese salt, a novel kind of hollow urchin-like SiO@γ-MnO microparticles was obtained. The structure and morphology of the composite microparticles were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM.

Palladium-catalyzed regioselective hydrosulfonylation of allenes with sulfinic acids.

An atom-economic method of preparing allylic sulfones hydrosulfonylation of allenes with sulfinic acids under Pd(0)-catalysis was reported. This process has a high degree of regio- and stereoselectivity, and provides the target product with a moderate to excellent yield. A wide range of nitrogen- or oxygen-containing linear -allylic sulfones have been synthesized.

Microfluidic fluorescent platform for rapid and visual detection of veterinary drugs.

The overuse of veterinary drugs and veterinary drug residues is increasingly becoming an obstacle to sustainable development worldwide. It is therefore imperative to establish a quantitative, sensitive and efficient method for the detection of veterinary drugs. Herein, we developed a visual microfluidic detection platform for rapid and sensitive detection of veterinary drugs using CdTe quantum dots (QDs) with three different ligands as the sensing units.

-Alkylation/aldol reaction of α-aldimino thioesters: a facile three-component coupling reaction.

Theoretical calculation of the reactivity of α-imino thioesters indicates that they are very reactive substrates for Umpolung -alkylation. In fact, treatment of α-aldimino thioesters with dialkylzinc reagents in the presence of aldehydes or imines gives three-component coupling products in good yields.

A novel type of donor-acceptor cyclopropane with fluorine as the donor: (3 + 2)-cycloadditions with carbonyls.

-Difluorocyclopropane diester is disclosed as a new type of donor-acceptor cyclopropane, which smoothly participates in (3 + 2)-cycloadditions with various aldehydes and ketones. This work represents the first application of -difluorine substituents as an unconventional donor group for activating cyclopropane substrates in catalytic cycloaddition reactions. With this method, a wide variety of densely functionalized -difluorotetrahydrofuran skeletons, which are otherwise difficult to prepare, could be readily assembled in high yields under mild reaction conditions.