Tumor-associated macrophages induce PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer cells through IL-6 and TNF-ɑ signaling.

PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy has been widely used for the clinical treatment of cancer. However, recent clinical trials have shown that only a small proportion of cancer patients respond to PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. The tumor immune microenvironment plays an important regulatory role in PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.

The effects and mechanisms of isoliquiritigenin loaded nanoliposomes regulated AMPK/mTOR mediated glycolysis in colorectal cancer.

In this study, isoliquiritigenin (ISL) incorporated nanoliposomes were prepared and their effects on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines were investigated. Herein, we sought to explore the anti-cancer mechanisms of ISL loaded nanoliposomes (ISL-NLs) on AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) pathways mediated glycolysis. Also, the key targets such as caveolin 1 (CAV1), glucose transporters and Akt/mTOR that promote glycolysis, and are activated via the induction of α-enolase (ENO1), fructose bisphosphate aldolase A (ALDOA) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) expressions were also investigated.

Bilobalide Alleviated Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Experimental Colitis by Inhibiting M1 Macrophage Polarization Through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Bilobalide, a unique constituent has attracted significant interest as a novel therapeutic option for neuronal protection. However, there is paucity of data on its effect on colitis. This work sought to evaluate the effect of bilobalide on macrophage polarization and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis .

Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in with the Progression of Genetic Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of gene and and susceptibility to gastric cancer.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted to select 577 cases of primary gastric cancer and 678 cases of normal control. We extracted whole blood genomic DNA and amplified the target gene fragment by PCR.

Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in FOXA1 with the Progression of Genetic Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of FOXA1 gene rs12894364 and rs7144658 and susceptibility to gastric cancer.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted to select 577 cases of primary gastric cancer and 678 cases of normal control. We extracted whole blood genomic DNA and amplified the target gene fragment by PCR.

Regulation of PD-L1 expression in cancer and clinical implications in immunotherapy.

PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy has become an effective method for the treatment of cancers in the clinic. It has great clinical advantages and therapeutic effects in the treatment of various cancers. However, a considerable number of cancer patients currently have relatively low response rates and drug resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.

N-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification in gastrointestinal tract cancers: roles, mechanisms, and applications.

Analogous to DNA methylation and histone modification, RNA modification, as another epigenetic layer, plays an important role in many diseases, especially in tumours. As the most common form of RNA modification, mA methylation has attracted increasing research interest in recent years. mA is catalysed by RNA methyltransferases METTL3, METTL14 and WTAP (writers), mA is removed by the demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 (erasers) and interacts with m6A-binding proteins, such as YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing proteins.

The critical role of calcineurin/NFAT (C/N) pathways and effective antitumor prospect for colorectal cancers.

Transcription factors (TFs) like a nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and its controller calcineurin are highly expressed in primary intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) due to delamination, damage by tumor-associated flora and selective activation in the intestinal tract tumor are crucial in the progression and growth of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study sought to summarize the current findings concerning the dysregulated calcineurin/NFAT (C/N) signaling involved in CRC initiation and progression. These signalings include proliferation, T-cell functions, and glycolysis with high lactate production that remodels the acidosis, which genes in tumor cells provide an evolutionary advantage, or even increased their attack phenotype.

[Application of warm liquid in proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) internal fixation].

Objective: To investigate the effect and application of warm fluid in patients with proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) internal fixation.

Methods: From November 2012 to December 2016, 80 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were treated with PFNA internal fixation, including 35 males and 45 females, aged from 62 to 90 years old. The patients were divided into two groups.

High ankle-brachial index and risk of cardiovascular or all-cause mortality: A meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Studies on high ankle-brachial index (ABI) to predict mortality risk have yielded conflicting results. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between abnormally high ABI and risk of cardiovascular or all-cause mortality.

Methods: Pubmed and Embase databases were systematically searched for relevant articles published up to August 15, 2018.

Dazhu Hongjingtian (Herba Rhodiolae) for unstable angina pectoris: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dazhu Hongjingtian (DZHJT), also named Herba Rhodiolae, has been frequently introduced for patients with angina pectoris in China. However, the add-on effect of DZHJT in unstable angina pectoris (UAP) has not been systematically evaluated. The purpose of this protocol is to provide the methods used to assess the efficacy and safety of DZHJT as adjuvant therapy for management of UAP.

Liver X receptor activation reduces gastric cancer cell proliferation by suppressing Wnt signalling via LXRβ relocalization.

Liver X receptors (LXRs) are involved in various diseases associated with lipid disorders, and in regulating cancer cell proliferation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms, especially those in gastric cancer (GC) remain to be clarified. In this study, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that LXRβ was mainly expressed in GC tissue, with less expression in adjacent normal tissues.

Immunogenic cell death in anticancer chemotherapy and its impact on clinical studies.

The traditional view holds that apoptosis is non-immunogenic and does not induce an inflammatory response. However, recent studies have suggested that certain chemotherapeutic drugs that induce tumor cell apoptosis can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in cancer cells. This process is characterized by not only up-regulation of a series of signaling molecules in cancer cells, including expose of calreticulin (CRT), secretion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1).