Human monoclonal anti‑TLR4 antibody negatively regulates lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammatory responses in mouse macrophages.

Previous studies have revealed that activation of the Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4)‑mediated proinflammatory signaling pathway plays an important role in acute inflammation, sepsis and chronic inflammatory disorders. Moreover, TLR4 significantly contributes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced immune response. Thus, modulation of the TLR4 pathway is an important strategy to specifically target these pathologies.

Antitumor activity of a newly developed monoclonal antibody against ROR1 in ovarian cancer cells.

Receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1) is a tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor and ROR1 overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis in various cancers, including ovarian cancer. Targeting of ROR1 has been evaluated as a novel cancer therapy strategy. This study developed a novel chimeric anti-ROR1 Fab antibody (named ROR1-cFab) and then assessed the antitumor activity of this antibody in ovarian cancer cells, an model of preclinical cancer therapy.

Combined effects of long-pulsed neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser, diprospan and 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of keloid scars.

Keloids are benign tumors that originate from scar tissues, but they usually overgrow beyond the original wounds. In a three-month single-center clinical trial, 69 patients were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group 1 were treated with intralesional injection of diprospan (2 mg betamethasone disodium phosphate and 5 mg betamethasone dipropionate in 1 ml) with one-month intervals for three months.

GSH depletion and consequent AKT inhibition contribute to the Nrf2 knockdown-induced decrease in proliferation in glioblastoma U251 cells.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a pivotal transcription regulator that controls the expression of numerous antioxidant and cytoprotective genes, was recently defined as a proto-oncogene. However, the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in glioma pathoetiology remain unclear. In the present study, we first evaluated the expression patterns of Nrf2 in normal human astrocytes and 3 glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines (U251, U87 and A172) and found that all 3 GBM cell lines overexpressed Nrf2, with the highest level observed in the U251 cells.

The Fab Fragment of a Human Anti-Siglec-9 Monoclonal Antibody Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human Macrophages.

Sepsis is a major cause of death for hospitalized patients and is characterized by massive overreaction of immune responses to invading pathogens which is mediated by cytokines. For decades, there has been no effective treatment for sepsis. Sialic acid-binding, Ig-like lectin-9 (Siglec-9), is an immunomodulatory receptor expressed primarily on hematopoietic cells which is involved in various aspects of inflammatory responses and is a potential target for treatment of sepsis.

The Efficacy and Safety of Fractional CO₂ Laser Combined with Topical Type A Botulinum Toxin for Facial Rejuvenation: A Randomized Controlled Split-Face Study.

Objective: We evaluated synergistic efficacy and safety of combined topical application of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BTX-A) with fractional CO2 laser for facial rejuvenation.

Methods: Twenty female subjects were included for this split-face comparative study. One side of each subject's cheek was treated with fractional CO2 plus saline solution, and the other side was treated with fractional CO2 laser plus topical application of BTX-A.

A Human Anti-Toll Like Receptor 4 Fab Fragment Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Production in Macrophages.

The results of clinical and experimental studies suggest that endotoxin/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated proinflammatory and profibrotic signaling activation is critical in the development of hepatic fibrosis. However, studies examining the role of specific TLR4 inhibitor are still lacking. The present study was aimed to prepare a human anti-TLR4 Fab fragment, named hTLR4-Fab01, and to explore its immune activity.

Silencing Nrf2 impairs glioma cell proliferation via AMPK-activated mTOR inhibition.

Gliomas are the leading cause of death among adults with primary brain malignancies. Treatment for malignant gliomas remains limited, and targeted therapies have been incompletely explored. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key transcription regulator for antioxidant and detoxification enzymes, is abundantly expressed in cancer cells.

The Fab Fragment of a Humanized Anti-Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Monoclonal Antibody Reduces the Lipopolysaccharide Response via TLR4 in Mouse Macrophage.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can induce acute inflammation, sepsis, or chronic inflammatory disorders through the Toll receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. The TLR4/MD2 (myeloid differentiation protein 2) complex plays a major role in the immune response to LPS. However, there is not a good method to suppress the immune response induced by LPS via this complex in macrophages.

Effect of low-dose cyclophosphamide on endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory reaction of acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective: To explore the effect of low-dose cyclophosphamide (CP) on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammatory reaction of acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), providing new ideas for clinical treatment.

Materials And Methods: Sixty healthy adult male mice were selected and divided randomly into sham operation group (n = 20), IRI group (n = 20 cases), and the experimental group (n = 20 cases). Mice in the experimental group were pretreated with low-dose CP and acute IRI model construction.

Value of gadoxetate biliary transit time in determining hepatocyte function.

Objective: To determine if transit time for excretion of gadoxetate into major bile ducts and duodenum correlates with clinical models of hepatocellular function.

Methods: This retrospective research was approved by the Institutional Review Board with waiver of informed consent. Search of the radiology database from January 1, 2013 to March 4, 2014 revealed 84 patients with chronic liver disease (65 males, mean age 47 years).