[Application of flexible bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of 104 children with pulmonary atelectasis].

Objective: To evaluate the value of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary atelectasis in children.

Method: Totally 104 patients with pulmonary atelectasis, who were admitted to this department, received flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy from January 2006 to May 2010, were enrolled in a retrospective analysis.

Result: The analysis on causes of pulmonary atelectasis showed that 76 cases (73%) of the 104 patients had sputum obstructions, which was the main cause of atelectasis.

Adiponectin levels in circulation and breast milk and mRNA expression in adipose tissue of preeclampsia women.

Objective: Physiological insulin resistance occurs in normal pregnancy and is exaggerated in women with preeclampsia (PE). Adiponectin is a hormone with insulin-sensitizing, anti-atherogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Reports published on association between adiponectin levels and PE risk have been conflicting.

[Diagnosis and treatment of children sinus pericranii].

Objective: To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of children sinus pericranii (SP).

Methods: From Jan. 2000 to Dec.

NF-kappaB related abnormal hyper-expression of iNOS and NO correlates with the inflammation procedure in biliary atresia livers.

Objective: To study the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and its related regulators in biliary atresia (BA) livers and exlpore their relationships with the inflammation pathway in BA livers.

Method: The iNOS expression in livers of 38 cases of BA children, 15 cases of neonatal cholestasis (NC) children, and 18 cases of normal control were, respectively, examined and total nitric oxide (NO) metabolites concentration of all samples were calculated by a colorimetric method based on Griess reaction. The TdT-mediated dupt biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to label the apoptotic bile duct epithelial cells and hepatocytes.

Interleukin-13 inhibits cytokines synthesis by blocking nuclear factor-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase in human mesangial cells.

Objective: Monocytes/macrophages, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines are important in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis. Interleukin (IL) -13 has been shown to exert potent anti-inflammatory properties. This study was designed to investigate the effect of IL-13 on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and profibrogenic cytokines and the involved molecular mechanism in cultured human mesangial cells (HMCs).

[Management of congenital scalp defects in infants].

Objective: To investigate the management of congenital scalp defects in infants.

Methods: From 1996 to 2008, 6 infants with congenital scalp defects were treated with dressing change, flap transposition, or tissue expansion combined with skull defect reconstruction.

Results: Parietal scalp defects in 6 cases were healed after treatment.

[Treatment of airway obstruction with mandibular distraction osteogenesis in Pierre Robin syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in the treatment of airway obstruction in Pierre Robin syndrome (PRS).

Methods: From 2007 to 2009, 8 newborns with PRS were treated with MDO. The mandibular distractors were fixed after bilateral oblique mandibular osteotomy.

[Clinical and pathological features of Alport syndrome in children].

Objective: To study the clinical and pathological features of Alport syndrome in children.

Methods: The clinical and histopathological data of 10 hospitalized children with Alport syndrome from February 2007 to February 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: There were 7 males and 3 females, with the age ranging from 2 years to 6 years and 7 months (mean 3 years and 2 months).

Determinants of influenza immunization uptake in Canadian youths.

Objective: To describe rate and determinants of influenza vaccination among Canadian youths.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of cross-sectional data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) cycle 3.1 collected by Statistics Canada in 2005.

Effect of Schisandra sphenanthera extract on the concentration of tacrolimus in the blood of liver transplant patients.

Background: Tacrolimus (Tac) is widely used to prevent allograft rejection after liver transplantation. We found that the concentration of Tac in blood was significantly increased in liver transplant patients who were receiving Schisandra sphenanthera extract (SchE). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of SchE on the concentration of Tac in the blood of liver transplant patients.

Association between regulated upon activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) -28C/G polymorphism and asthma risk--a meta-analysis.

Regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) is one of the most extensively studied C-C chemokines in allergic inflammation. A growing body of evidence suggests that many cell types present in asthmatic airways have the capacity to generate RANTES, which directly supported the potential role of RANTES in asthma. A number of studies have evaluated the functional polymorphism -28C/G in the RANTES promoter region, which had been found to affect the transcription of the RANTES gene, in relation to asthma susceptibility.

Over-expression of Toll-like receptors and their ligands in small-for-size graft.

Aim: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) participate in several physiological and pathological processes of transplantation, including inflammation and allograft rejection, but the expression of TLRs and their ligands remains undetermined in small-for-size graft transplantation.

Methods: A non-arterialized partial liver transplantation model was used. The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA and protein, CD14 and Myeloid Differentiation-2 (MD-2) mRNA, as well as TLR2 and TLR4 exogenous ligands (endotoxin) and endogenous ligands [heat shock protein (HSP) 60 and 70] were assessed.

Mandibular distraction osteogenesis to relieve Pierre Robin severe airway obstruction in neonates: indication and operation.

Airway management in neonates with Pierre Robin sequence is often challenging. Advancement of the tongue base using mandibular distraction in neonates can avoid tracheotomy and is increasingly propagated. The surgical indication is very important.

Allograft inflammatory factor-1 is up-regulated in warm and cold ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver and may be inhibited by FK506.

Background: Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) plays an important role in immune response and vasculopathy in allografts. The present study investigated activation of AIF-1 in warm and cold ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of rat liver, and the potential inhibitory effect of FK506.

Methods: We used warm IR injury, orthotopic transplantation, and allograft rejection models in this study.

[Association of RANTES gene promoter -28C/G polymorphism with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis].

Objective: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects nearly all children under two years of age. It is poorly understood why a few children who were infected with RSV develop bronchiolitis that require hospital admission while most have a relatively minor illness. Several recent studies have obtained some indications for the involvement of genetic heterogeneity in RSV bronchiolitis, implying that the clinical outcome of RSV infection perhaps is determined by genetic factors.

Effect of variation in RANTES promoter on serum RANTES levels and risk of recurrent wheezing after RSV bronchiolitis in children from Han, Southern China.

To investigate the association among RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) gene promoter polymorphism, serum RANTES levels, and recurrent wheezing after RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) bronchiolitis in children (1-12 months of age) from Han, Southern china. Three hundred twenty children with RSV bronchiolitis and 272 controls were enrolled in the 3-year follow-up study. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RELP), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and luciferase analysis were the mainly used methods, which were used to genotype the RANTES (-403 G/A), assess the serum RANTES levels and the RANTES promoter activity.

[Serum levels of IgG subclasses and vitamin A in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection].

Objective: The development of recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) is related to vitamin A deficiency and immune function abnormality in children. This study examined serum levels of IgG subclasses and vitamin A in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection.

Methods: Serum IgG subclasses levels (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) were detected using ELISA and serum vitamin A levels were detected using high performance liquid chromatography-Miller method in 80 children with RRTI (ranged from 2-10 years old).

[Effects of surgical treatment for low birth weight neonates with critical acute abdomen].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the surgical treatment in critical acute abdomen in low birth weight neonates.

Methods: The clinical data of 228 neonates with critical acute abdomen who underwent surgical treatment from January 2000 to January 2003, aged (4.1 +/- 0.