Discussion of the classification of pediatric drug clinical trials in children's hospitals in China.

Objectives: This study aimed to gain insights into pediatric clinical trials conducted in children's hospitals in China and provide valuable references for the development of children's hospitals and the research and development of pediatric drugs.

Methods: A comprehensive search was performed on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Chi CTR) and ChinaDrugTrials.org.

Causes of death and treatment-related mortality in newly diagnosed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment with Chinese Children's Cancer Group study ALL-2015.

To investigate the possible risk factors for death at post-treatment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A multivariate competing risk analysis was performed to retrospectively analyze the data of children with ALL who died after treatment with CCCG-ALL-2015 in China and to determine the possible risk factors for death at post-treatment in children with ALL. Age at the first diagnosis of ≥10 years; final risk level of high-risk; D19 minimal residual disease (MRD) (≥0.

Prognostic significance of steroid response in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: The CCCG-ALL-2015 study.

Introduction: Whether steroid response is an independent risk factor for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between response to dexamethasone and prognosis in children with ALL.

Methods: We analyzed the data of 5,161 children with ALL who received treatment in accordance with the Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 protocol between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, in China.

Comparison of immune response to human rhinovirus C and respiratory syncytial virus in highly differentiated human airway epithelial cells.

Background: Human rhinovirus C (HRV-C) accounts for a large proportion of HRV-related illnesses, but the immune response to HRV-C infection has not been elucidated. Our objective was to assess the effect of HRV-C on cytokine secretion in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells grown at air-liquid interface (ALI) and compare it with that of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods: HBE cells were differentiated at ALI culture and the full-length cDNA clones of HRV-C651 and HRV-C15, clinical isolates of HRV-C79 and HRV-C101, and two RSV isolates were inoculated in the HBE cells.

Global status of antimicrobial resistance among environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1/O139: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 were the predominant circulating serogroups exhibiting multi-drug resistance (MDR) during the cholera outbreak which led to cholera treatment failures.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the weighted pooled resistance (WPR) rates in V. cholerae O1/O139 isolates obtained from environmental samples.

Antibiotics prescription for targeted therapy of pediatric invasive pneumococcal diseases in China: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a major cause of bacterial meningitis, septicemia and pneumonia in children. Inappropriate choice of antibiotic can have important adverse consequences for both the individual and the community.

Antibodies against thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor cause maternal-neonatal transmission of Graves' Disease.

The present study aimed to investigate whether the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies (Ab) from mothers with Graves' disease (GD) could cause neonatal thyroid disease and the underlying mechanisms of this. An adenovirus expressing the TSHR A-subunit and a control adenovirus expressing β-galactosidase was constructed by Beijing Sino Geno Max Co., Ltd.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of fatal patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study in Wuhan, China.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic, resulting in considerable mortality. The risk factors, clinical treatments, especially comprehensive risk models for COVID-19 death are urgently warranted.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 281 non-survivors and 712 survivors with propensity score matching by age, sex, and comorbidities were enrolled from January 13, 2020 to March 31, 2020.

[Consistency of peripheral whole blood and venous serum procalcitonin in children: a multicenter parallel controlled study].

To explore the consistency of peripheral whole blood and venous serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels, and the value of peripheral whole blood PCT in evaluating pediatric bacterial infection. This multicenter cross-sectional parallel control study was conducted in 11 children's hospital. All the 1 898 patients older than 28 days admitted to these hospitals from March 2018 to February 2019 had their peripheral whole blood and venous serum PCT detected simultaneously with unified equipment, reagent and method.

A de novo 10q11.23q22.1 deletion detected by whole genome mate-pair sequencing: a case report.

Background: Interstitial deletions of chromosome band 10q11-q22 was a genomic disorder distinguished by developmental delay, congenital cleft palate and muscular hypotonia. The phenotypes involved were heterogeneous, hinge on the variable breakpoints and size.

Case Presentation: Here, we presented a patient with soft palate cleft, growth and development delay.

Label-Free Quantitative Comparison of Cervical Mucus Peptides in Subjects With Endocervical Adenocarcinoma and Adenocarcinoma in Situ.

Purpose: To uncover potential diagnostic biomarkers for endocervical adenocarcinoma (EAC) and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS).

Experimental Design: Quantitative label-free liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) peptidomics strategies were employed to profile 8 cervical mucus (CM) samples, including 3 EAC cases, 2 AIS cases and 3 normal controls (Ctrl).

Results: Among the 3721 exclusive peptides identified, 12 (5 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated) endogenous peptides were significantly expressed in EAC compared to healthy controls (EAC/Ctrl); 10 (7 up-regulated and 3 down-regulated) endogenous peptides were significantly expressed in AIS compared to healthy controls (AIS/Ctrl); 11 (6 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated) endogenous peptides were significantly expressed in EAC compared to AIS (EAC/AIS) (absolute fold change ≥1.

The Preliminary Study on the Association Between PAHs and Air Pollutants and Microbiota Diversity.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and air pollutants and the diversity of microbiota. Daily average concentrations of six common air pollutants were obtained from China National Environmental Monitoring Centre. The PAHs exposure levels were evaluated by external and internal exposure detection methods, including monitoring atmospheric PAHs and urinary hydroxyl-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (OH-PAH) metabolite levels.

Association between phenols exposure and earlier puberty in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To identify the association between phenolic chemicals and the risk of earlier puberty based on the available evidence by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched and retrieved appropriate journal articles on the association between phenols exposure and earlier puberty in children published before February 14, 2020. Stata software version 12.

Septicemia after chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China: A multicenter study CCCG-ALL-2015.

Background: Septicemia is an important cause of treatment-related mortality and treatment failure in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in developing countries. A multicenter CCCG-ALL-2015 study was conducted in China and factors associated with septicemia and mortality were studied.

Methods: Patients participated in CCCG-ALL-2015 study from January 2015 to December 2017 were included.

Multicenter study of the clinical features and mutation gene spectrum of Chinese children with Dent disease.

Dent disease is a rare X-linked recessive inherited tubular disease. In this multicenter study, the clinical presentation and genetic background of Chinese children with Dent disease are studied to improve the cognition and diagnostic ability of pediatricians. In this prospective cohort, we described the genotype and phenotype of a national cohort composed of 45 pediatric probands with Dent disease belonging to 45 families from 12 different regions of China recruited from 2014 to 2018 by building up the multicenter registration system.

Clinical and Th1/Th2 immune response features of hospitalized children with human rhinovirus infection.

This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and T-helper 1 (Th1)/Th2 profile of human rhinovirus (HRV) infection in children with bronchiolitis and pneumonia, compared with the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). In September 2013 to August 2014, 335 nasopharyngeal aspirates from children below 14 with bronchiolitis and pneumonia were screened for HRV and 13 other respiratory viruses by PCR or reverse transcription PCR. Interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

[Endoscopic reconstruction of the posterior nares for the treatment of 46 children with congenital posterior atresia].

The aim of this study is to explore the influencing factors of the posterior nostril re-atresia by analyzing the clinical data of endoscopic posterior nostril reconstruction in the children with posterior nostril atresia. Retrospectively reviewed 46 pediatric patients with congenital choanal atresia who underwent endoscopic posterior nostril reconstruction. Randomly divided the cases into the atresia group（19 cases） and the non-atresia group（27 cases） according to whether the new posterior nostril re-atresia again.

Urine metabolic profiles in paediatric asthma.

Background And Objective: Asthma is a global problem and complex disease suited for metabolomic profiling. This study explored the candidate biomarkers specific to paediatric asthma and provided insights into asthmatic pathophysiology.

Methods: Children (aged 6-11 years) meeting the criteria for healthy control (n = 29), uncontrolled asthma (n = 37) or controlled asthma (n = 43) were enrolled.

Treatment abandonment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in China: a retrospective cohort study of the Chinese Children's Cancer Group.

Objectives: Before 2003, most children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) abandoned treatment, with only approximately 30% treated in China. With the development of national insurance for underprivileged patients, we assessed the current frequency and causes of treatment abandonment among patients with ALL who were enrolled in the Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL protocol between 2015 and 2016.

Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data on patients who abandoned treatment, as well as economic and sociocultural data of their families were collected and analysed.

miR-155 Aggravates Liver Ischemia/reperfusion Injury by Suppressing SOCS1 in Mice.

Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs during partial liver resection and liver transplantation. Activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is a key event triggered by a range of proinflammatory cytokines during liver I/R. Although it has been reported that miR-155 takes part in both innate and adaptive immune responses, the potential role of miR-155 in liver IRI remains unknown.

F-fluorodeoxyglucose imaging of primary malignant pericardial mesothelioma with concurrent pericardial and pleural effusions and bone metastasis: A case report.

Primary malignant pericardial mesothelioma (PMPM) is an aggressive tumor that originates from the mesothelial cells of the pericardium. PMPM with extensive atrial infiltration and bone metastasis is extremely rare. The diagnosis and staging of PMPM based on anatomical imaging may be difficult when concurrent pericardial and pleural effusions are present.

A comprehensive scoring system in correlation with perioperative airway management for neonatal Pierre Robin Sequence.

Purpose: To evaluate a comprehensive scoring system which combines clinical manifestations of Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) including severity of breathing difficulties, body weight and preoperative Cormack-Lehane grade, for its correlation with perioperative PRS airway management decision.

Design: Forty PRS children were retrospectively recruited after surgery. Specialists examined all subjects and scored for clinical manifestations (1´ - 4´), weight gain (1´- 4´), dyspnea scores (1´- 4´), and Cormack-Lehane grade (1´- 4´).