22,522 results match your criteria: "Nanjing Agricultural University.[Affiliation]"

This study aimed to discover how using nano artichoke leaf extract Stabilized with zinc Nanoparticles (ZnO-Nano-ALPE) as an alternative to antibiotics and an antioxidant in broiler feed affected their growth, meat quality, and blood. In a completely randomized design experiment, 210 1-day-old chicks (Arbor Acres) were assigned to three trial groups. Each group was subdivided into seven replicates, each with ten unsexed chicks.

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Dynamics of antibiotic resistance in poultry farms via multivector analysis.

Poult Sci

December 2024

Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, 573 Tulip Street, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China.. Electronic address:

This study examines the distribution of microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across various vectors in poultry farm environments. The results show that airborne particulate matter (PM) and soil harbor the highest counts of microbial genes, exceeding those found in poultry visceral samples, which display lower microbial diversity and ARG levels. This highlights environmental vectors, particularly soil and PM, as major reservoirs for ARGs.

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Optimal Combination of Different Selection and Mating Strategies on Exploiting Genetic Diversity and Genetic Gain in Small Pig Conservation Populations.

J Anim Breed Genet

December 2024

Key Laboratory (Nanjing) for Evaluation and Utilization of Pigs Resources, College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Both selection and mating systems are essential tools for breeders to conserve the genetic variance and improve the performance of livestock animals. How to effectively balance the genetic gain and inbreeding has always been an important issue in quantitative genetics research. In this study, a total of 11 selection methods, including random and truncation selection, six conventional selection methods, three different optimal contribution selection (OCS) methods and three mating strategies including random mating, minimum-coancestry mating based on pedigree (MCPed) and genomic information (MCmarker), were performed using stochastic simulations.

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Altering Carotene Hydroxylase Activity of DcCYP97C1 Affects Carotenoid Flux and Changes Taproot Colour in Carrot.

Plant Cell Environ

December 2024

State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.

CYP97C1 as a haem-containing cytochrome P450 hydroxylase (P450-type) is important for carotene hydroxylation and xanthophyll biosynthesis. Research about this type of hydroxylase was mainly reported in several model plant species which have no specialized tissues accumulating massive carotenoids. The function of CYP97C1 in the horticultural plant, like carrots, was not fully studied.

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Background: The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a damaging pest of rice worldwide. Following the evolution of C. suppressalis resistance to diamide and abamectin insecticides, emamectin benzoate (EB) became a key insecticide for the control of this species in China.

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Powdery mildew (PM), caused by the biotrophic fungus Podospharea leucotricha, is a major threat to apple production. Plant-plant communication (PPC) is a crucial strategy for plant communities to enhance their defence against pathogens. The interconversion of methyl salicylate (MeSA) and salicylic acid (SA) is critical for PPC regulation, but the mechanism of MeSA-mediated PPC is not fully understood.

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Comammox Nitrospira are the dominant ammonia oxidizers in the Yangtze estuarine biofilms.

Water Res

December 2024

State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, PR China.

Biofilms are indispensable ecological habitats for microbes that have garnered global attention and play a potential role in influencing the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen. However, the biogeochemical significance of biofilms and the mechanisms by which they regulate nitrogen cycling remain elusive. In this study, we utilized DNA-stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) labelling techniques in conjunction with metagenomics to reveal a nitrifying ecological niche in biofilms taken from the Yangtze Estuary, with those from sediment and water samples for comparison.

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Metabolites limiting predator growth wane with prey biodiversity.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

December 2024

College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.

Predator-prey interactions are a major driver of microbiome dynamics, but remain difficult to predict. While several prey traits potentially impact resistance to predation, their effects in a multispecies context remain unclear. Here, we leverage synthetic bacterial communities of varying complexity to identify traits driving palatability for nematodes, a main consumer of bacteria in soil.

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LZ-R-5 (R-5), a strain with high epithelial adhesion and bioactive exopolysaccharide production, was isolated from Tibetan kefir grains. This study investigated its potential to alleviate intestinal inflammation using a DSS-induced colitis model in BALB/c mice. We integrated microbial diversity and serological analyses to assess changes in gut flora and cytokines following the R-5 treatment.

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Type VI secretion system 2 (T6SS2) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus is required for cell adhesion and autophagy in macrophages; however, other phenotypes conferred by this T6SS have not been thoroughly investigated. We deleted TssL2, a key component of T6SS2 assembly, to explore the role of the T6SS2 in environmental adaptation and virulence. TssL2 deletion reduced Hcp2 secretion, suggesting that TssL2 played an important role in activity of functional T6SS2.

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Uncovering the Differed Susceptibility of ( and ) to Fungicide Phenamacril: From Computational and Experimental Perspectives.

J Agric Food Chem

December 2024

Centre for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China.

and are two subtypes of (Fo), a pathogenic filamentous fungus. Phenamacril (PHA), a -specific fungicide that targets myosin I, exhibits significant hyphal growth inhibition in but shows weak resistance in , despite only two amino acid differences in the PHA-binding pocket of myosin I. In this study, we aim to elucidate the molecular basis for the differential sensitivity of myosin I variants (FoMyoI and FoMyoI) to phenamacril through computational methods and biochemical validation.

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Introduction: Altitudinal changes in soil bacterial diversity, composition, biotic interactions, and function are prevalent. However, the overall patterns and associations among these dimensions remain unclear, particularly in vulnerable alpine mountain ecosystems.

Methods: Here, we investigated soil bacterial communities along a high-altitude gradient to elucidate patterns and associations in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity, co-occurrence networks, and functional potentials.

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To make full use of young pear fruit thinned from the trees for optimal fruit load during cultivation, this study explored the nutritional diversity in young fruit of seventy-nine different pear varieties, focusing on their bioactive compounds. Our results showed significant variability in total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of pear varieties. The TPC values ranged from 0.

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Food safety is of great concern, and food-borne bacterial infections and diseases are a major crisis for health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop rapid detection techniques for the prevention and recognition of food safety hazards caused by food-borne pathogens. In recent years, the fluorescence assay has become a widely utilized detection method due to its good signal amplification effect, high detection sensitivity, high stability, and short detection time.

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Sugar Transport and Signaling in Shoot Branching.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2024

Institut Agro, Univ Angers, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QuaSaV, 49000 Angers, France.

The source-sink relationship is critical for proper plant growth and development, particularly for vegetative axillary buds, whose activity shapes the branching pattern and ultimately the plant architecture. Once formed from axillary meristems, axillary buds remain dormant or become active to grow into new branches. This transition is notably driven by the regulation of the bud sink strength, which is reflected in the ability to unload, metabolize and store photoassimilates.

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Linear mixed models (LMMs) are commonly used in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to evaluate population structures and relatedness. However, LMMs have been shown to be ineffective in controlling false positive errors for the analysis of resistance to Columnaris disease in Rainbow Trout. To solve this problem, we conducted a series of studies using generalized linear mixed-model association software such as GMMAT (v1.

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Blue fescue is a widely used ornamental grass because of its strong ecological adaptability. To maintain the optimal ornamental plant shape, blue fescue requires many nutrients and labor. Using dwarf varieties with slow growth is an effective way to fulfill these requirements.

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Hairy vetch ( Roth) and smooth vetch ( Roth var. ) are important cover crops and legume forage with great economic and ecological values. Due to the large and highly heterozygous genome, full-length transcriptome reconstruction is a cost-effective route to mining their genetic resources.

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This study investigated the influence of soaking and spraying with a sodium selenite (NaSeO) solution on selenium accumulation, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, phenolic compositions, and the antioxidant activity of foxtail millet sprouts. The screening results showed that foxtail millet seeds soaked with 60 mg/L of NaSeO solution and sprayed with 2 mg/L of NaSeO solution were the appropriate concentrations for the germination process. Compared with the spraying method, a presoaking treatment presented far higher selenium content and significantly higher ( < 0.

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Vibrational spectroscopic techniques have gained significant attention in recent years for their potential in the rapid and efficient analysis of virgin olive oils, offering a distinct advantage over traditional methods. These techniques are particularly valuable for detecting and quantifying bio-active compounds that contribute to the nutritional and health benefits of virgin olive oils. This comprehensive review explores the latest advancements in vibrational spectroscopic techniques applied to virgin olive oils, focusing on the detection and measurement of key bio-active compounds such as unsaturated fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and other antioxidant compounds.

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Natural plant polysaccharides are renowned for their broad spectrum of biological activities, making them invaluable in both the pharmaceutical and food industries. Their safety, characterized by low toxicity and minimal side effects, coupled with their potential therapeutic properties, positions them as crucial elements in health-related applications. The functional effectiveness of these polysaccharides is deeply connected to their structural attributes, including molecular weight, monosaccharide components, and types of glycosidic bonds.

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Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce antibacterial substances such as bacteriocins, making them promising candidates for food preservation. In our study, PCZ4-a strain with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity-was isolated from traditional fermented kimchi in Sichuan. Whole-genome sequencing of PCZ4 revealed one chromosome and three plasmids.

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Glycoproteins are special proteins and important nutrients for hypoglycemic activity. However, the structure of glycoprotein (AAG) and the stability of its hypoglycemic activity during simulated digestion (including saliva, gastral and intestine digestion) in vitro are still unknown. In this study, AAG-3 was isolated from .

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The aqueous extract of Murray (LRE) could attenuate neuroinflammation in mice induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD). Moreover, LRE could adjust bile acid (BA) metabolism and the gut microbiota. Behavioral tests revealed that LRE prevented HFFD-induced cognitive deficits.

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() honey is rich in effective ingredients including flavonoids, terpenes, and alkaloids that are beneficial to human health. In this study, widely targeted metabolomics were used to detect the plant-derived secondary metabolites of the same batch of honey from 2022 to 2024, in order to explore whether storage time changes the quality of honey, especially the content of plant-derived secondary metabolites with important health benefits. The results showed that storage time had no significant effect on the content of sugars, proteins, and other major components in honey.

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