RING-finger protein 6 enhances c-Myc-mediated Warburg effect by promoting MAD1 degradation to facilitate pancreatic cancer metastasis.

Aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) promotes tumor metastasis; hence, drugs targeting its regulators are being developed. c-Myc, a critical transcription factor that regulates the Warburg effect, is involved in the tumorigenesis of many cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the upstream regulating mechanisms of c-Myc in PC are unclear.

Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for patients with lung adenocarcinoma based on a novel 6-DNA repair-related gene signature.

DNA repair-related genes (DRGs) have attracted much attention in the field of oncology. However, the prognostic role of DRGs and their biological function in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains rudimentary and inconclusive. In this study, 716 LUAD cases from two different cohorts were collected.

Unraveling the molecular mechanisms between inflammation and tumor angiogenesis.

Inflammatory mediators in tumor microenvironment influence cancer occurrence, growth and metastasis through complex signaling networks. Excessive inflammation is closely associated with elevated cancer risk and mortality, in part through inflammation-induced angiogenesis. Mechanistically, multiple tumor-associated inflammatory cells increase the release and accumulation of various inflammatory products in cancerous sites.

Macropinocytosis: mechanism and targeted therapy in cancers.

Macropinocytosis is a form of endocytosis which provides an effective way for non-selective uptakes of extracellular proteins, liquids, and particles. The endocytic process is initiated by the activation of the growth factors signaling pathways. After activation of the biochemical signal, the cell starts internalizing extracellular solutes and nutrients into the irregular endocytic vesicles, known as macropinosomes that deliver them into the lysosomes for degradation.

GOLM1 upregulates expression of PD-L1 through EGFR/STAT3 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

GOLM1, a type II transmembrane protein, is associated with tumor progression, metastasis and immunosuppression. However, the relationship between GOLM1 and the immunosuppressive molecule PD-L1 in HCC remains largely unclear. Here, we revealed that GOLM1 acts as a novel positive regulator of PD-L1, whose abnormal expression plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion and progression.

Development of RNA binding proteins expression signature for prognosis prediction in gastric cancer patients.

It was reported that the expression of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in malignant tumors is dysregulated and is closely related to tumorigenesis. However, some studies have confirmed the role of RBPs in gastric cancer (GC). We obtained data on gastric cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and identified RBPs that are dysregulated between gastric normal and cancer tissues.

Optimization of urinary small extracellular vesicle isolation protocols: implications in early diagnosis, stratification, treatment and prognosis of diseases in the era of personalized medicine.

Extracellular vesicles isolation from urine was severely interfered by polymeric Tamm-Harsefall protein due to its ability to entrap exosome. Studies had been reported to optimize the extraction of urine extracellular vesicles by using reducing agents, surfactants, salt precipitation or ultrafiltration, but rarely based on highly specific purification methods. We optimized the density gradient centrifugation method for the isolation of urinary small extracellular vesicles (sEV) and compared seven differential centrifugation protocols to obtain the high-yield and high-purity sEV isolation procedures.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the non-obese Chinese population.

The purpose of this study was to construct and validate a model for predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the non-obese Chinese population. A total of 13240 NAFLD-free individuals at baseline from a 4-y longitudinal study were allocated to a training cohort (n=8872) and a validation cohort (n=4368). The overall incidence of NAFLD was 13%.

[LncRNA NEAT1 regulates proliferation, migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating miR-339-5p/ITGA3 axis].

Purpose: To investigate the molecular mechanism of LncRNA NEAT1 regulating proliferation, migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating miR-339-5p/ITGA3 axis.

Methods: qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of NEAT1, miR-339-5p, ITGA3 mRNA and ITGA3 protein in 25 cases of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma, its corresponding adjacent tissues, human normal oral mucosal cell line HOK and human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines TSCCA, CAL27, SCC15 and HN13. CAL27 cell lines that inhibited NEAT1 and overexpressed miR-339-5p were constructed, respectively.

Transcription factor-mediated signaling pathways' contribution to the pathology of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is still spreading rapidly around the world, and one cause of lethality for patients infected with 2019-nCoV is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is a severe syndrome of acute lung injury (ALI) that is predominantly triggered by inflammation and results in a sudden loss of, or damage to, kidney function. Emerging studies reveal that multiple transcription factor-associated signaling pathways are activated in the pathology of ALI/ARDS.

Intramuscular accumulation of pentadecanoic acid activates AKT1 to phosphorylate NCOR1 and triggers FOXM1-mediated apoptosis in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is an age-associated disorder that results in skeletal muscle loss. Apoptosis and inflammation are the two major contributors to sarcopenia. Emerging evidence has shown that long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are implicated in the muscles of sarcopenic animal models.

SNHG9 was upregulated in NSCLC and associated with DDP-resistance and poor prognosis of NSCLC patients.

Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main subtype of lung cancer. As a first-line chemotherapeutic drug used for NSCLC, acquired resistance retarded the clinical application of cisplatin (DDP). We herein reported long non-coding RNA SNHG9 was over-expressed in NSCLC tissues and cell lines compared with normal lung tissues and cell line; Increased SNHG9 was also observed in DDP resistant NSCLC tissues and cell lines compared with their DDP sensitive counterparts.

Homocysteine-induced electrical remodeling via the mediation of IPR1/Nav1.5 signaling pathway.

Inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate-receptor 1 (IPR1), a Ca channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane, is an effective regulator of Ca release involved in the pathology of most cardiovascular diseases. Our study aim to investigate the underlying mechanism by which IPR1 signaling mediates the process of homocysteine (Hcy)-induced Ca accumulation via interaction with sodium current (Nav1.5) in atrium.

The role and mechanism of gastrodin in the medial prefrontal cortex autophagy of PTSD rats.

Background: This study provided a reliable experimental basis for exploring the pathogenesis of PTSD-induced memory impairment, fear abnormalities, and affective disorders, aiming to facilitate new thinking for the prevention, treatment, and drug development of clinical PTSD.

Material And Methods: A rat model of PTSD was established by continuous single stress stimulation method. The Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and spatial memory exploration abilities of rats.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for brain tumor detection: clinical roles and current progress.

Brain tumors include those that originate within the brain (primary tumors) as well as those that arise from other cancers (metastatic tumors). The fragile nature of the brain poses a major challenge to access focal malignancies, which certainly limits both diagnostics and therapeutic approaches. This limitation has been alleviated with the advent of liquid biopsy technologies.

WDR1 predicts poor prognosis and promotes cancer progression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

WDR1, an activator of cofilin-mediated actin depolymerization, is involved in various actin-dependent processes of living cells including cell migration and cytokinesis. Recently, several studies have found that WDR1 is dysregulated in several types of cancer and is associated with cancer metastasis. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown.

Rutin suppresses FNDC1 expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to inhibit postmenopausal osteoporosis.

A previous study revealed that rutin is the main component of Eucommia flavonoids that exerts a protective effect against osteopenia. The bone density and trabecular bone number of osteoporosis model rats can be significantly improved after treatment with rutin. Further study using whole gene expression profiling revealed that FNDC1, a fibronectin type III domain-containing protein, may be a novel bone metabolism-related factor that is decreased in rutin-treated rats.

ImmunoPET imaging of CD38 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma using Cu-labeled daratumumab.

CD38 is expressed on the surface of many immune cells, which are closely associated with antitumor immunity and immune tolerance of tumor cells. Therefore, monitoring CD38 expression has gained great attention for tracking the progression of tumors and cancer treatment. Herein, we aim to develop a PET tracer using an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (daratumumab) to monitor CD38 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor regulates the alveolar epithelial sodium-water transport system through the ERK and AKT pathways.

The sodium-water transport system is crucial for alveolar fluid clearance. The pulmonary edema caused by extracorporeal circulation is mainly due to increased alveolar capillary permeability and reduced fluid clearance. We previously demonstrated that pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF) increases alveolar capillary permeability and inhibits the sodium-water transport system.

Involvement of androgen receptor (AR)/microRNA-21 axis in hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis of mouse renal tubular epithelial cells.

The function of androgen receptor (AR)/microRNA-21 (miR-21) axis in tumor development was well investigated. However, the roles of the axis performed in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced apoptosis of mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) is not known. In this study, H/R-induced apoptosis of RTECs was established to evaluate the role of miR-21-AR axis.

[Effect of triptolide on cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia rats through SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway].

To investigate the effect of triptolide on cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia rats and its effect on SIRT1/NF-κB pathway,fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Sham operation group( Sham group),vascular dementia model group( 2 VO group),triptolide intraperitoneal injection group( TR group),triptolide intraperitoneal injection + EX527 intracerebroventricular administration group( T+E group),EX527 intracerebroventricular administration group( EX527 group). After 4 weeks of modeling,Morris water maze test and object recognition test were used to evaluate the learning and memory ability of rats. The morphological changes of hippocampus in each group were observed in brain tissue.

LncRNA FOXC2 antisense transcript accelerates non-small-cell lung cancer tumorigenesis via silencing p15.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been demonstrated to modulate the oncogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, the role of lncRNA FOXC2-AS1 in the NSCLC is still unclear. In this research, we find that lncRNA FOXC2-AS1 is involved to NSCLC oncogenesis.

MicroRNA-765 alleviates the malignant progression of breast cancer via interacting with EZH1.

To detect the expression pattern of microRNA-765 in breast cancer (BCa) and its regulatory effect on the disease progression. Expression level of microRNA-765 in 66 paired BCa tissues and matched normal tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The relationship between microRNA-765 level and clinical data of BCa patients was analyzed.

Use of Saikosaponin D and JNK inhibitor SP600125, alone or in combination, inhibits malignant properties of human osteosarcoma U2 cells.

Saikosaponin D (Ssd) is a major active ingredient derived from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb , and SP600125 is a specific inhibitor of JNK that competes with adenosine triphosphate. In this study, we co-analyzed cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in U-2OS osteosarcoma cells treated with Ssd and SP600125 alone or in combination. Cell death and signaling were analyzed using western blotting and flow cytometry.