Higher magnesium depletion score increases the risk of all‑cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with diabetes.

Background: Both dietary magnesium and serum magnesium are associated with the prognosis of diabetic patients. However, the impact of the magnesium depletion score (MDS), which assesses systemic magnesium deficiency, on the prognosis of diabetic patients remains unclear. This cohort study aims to explore the potential association between the MDS and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients.

C MAL: cascaded network-guided class-balanced multi-prototype auxiliary learning for source-free domain adaptive medical image segmentation.

Source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) has become crucial in medical image analysis, enabling the adaptation of source models across diverse datasets without labeled target domain images. Self-training, a popular SFDA approach, iteratively refines self-generated pseudo-labels using unlabeled target domain data to adapt a pre-trained model from the source domain. However, it often faces model instability due to incorrect pseudo-label accumulation and foreground-background class imbalance.

MYBL2 promotes proliferation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by regulating TOP2A and activating AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the urinary system, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype. MYBL2 has been reported to be overexpressed in various tumors and associated with poor prognosis in patients, but its biological role in ccRCC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mRNA and protein expression levels of MYBL2 in ccRCC samples and evaluated the prognostic value of MYBL2 using TCGA dataset.

Glycosylation profiling of monkeypox virus structural proteins with poly Ser-Arg materials.

Although the glycosylation of viral proteins plays a critical role in the process of viral invasion into host cells, studies on the glycosylation of monkeypox virus (MPXV) structural proteins have not yet been reported. To investigate the importance of MPXV protein glycosylation, poly Ser-Arg (poly SR) materials capable of simultaneously enriching both -glycopeptides and -glycopeptides were synthesized by surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (SI-RAFT) polymerization. The poly SR materials were evaluated using the digest mixture of standard proteins containing bovine fetuin and bovine serum albumin, and the digest of complex biological samples including bovine sperm tail lysate, mouse sperm tail lysate, mouse brain lysate, and human serum.

Resource Segmentation: A New Dimension of the Segmentation Hypothesis in Drought Adaptive Strategies and Its Links to Tree Growth Performance.

The segmentation hypothesis, a framework for understanding plant drought adaptive strategy, has long been based on hydraulic resistance and vulnerability. Storage of water and carbohydrate resources is another critical function and shapes plant drought adaption and fitness together with hydraulic efficiency and vulnerability. However, patterns and implications of the interdependency of stored water and carbohydrate resources in the context of the segmentation hypothesis are poorly understood.

Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of prognosis and immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Research has shown that genetic mutations play an important role in the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the genes that influence the prognosis and immunotherapy of lung cancer patients have not yet been thoroughly studied. In this study, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Program and other databases were used to identify the survival-related genes in LUAD.

Similar overall survivals of wedge resection and segmentectomy in stage IA1 non-small cell lung cancer: a population-based study using propensity score matching and coarsened exact matching.

Background: Controversy continues over the application of wedge resection and segmentectomy for the early stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without affecting long-term survival. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability of wedge resection as an alternative to segmentectomy in patients with T1aN0M0 NSCLC with data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Methods: A total of 742 patients with pT1aN0M0 NSCLC from the SEER database were finally involved in this study, including 130 patients in the segmentectomy group and 612 patients in the wedge resection group.

Association between METTL14 gene polymorphisms and risk of ovarian endometriosis.

Background: Endometriosis, a prevalent chronic gynecological condition, is frequently associated with infertility and pelvic pain. Despite numerous studies indicating a correlation between epigenetic regulation and endometriosis, its precise genetic etiology remains elusive. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14), a crucial component of the N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA methyltransferase complex and an RNA binding scaffold, is known to play a pivotal role in various human diseases.

Global research status and trends of somatic symptom disorder: A bibliometric study.

Background: With the growing scholarly and clinical fascination with somatic symptom disorder (SSD), a bibliometric analysis is lacking.

Aim: To conduct a bibliometric analysis to investigate the current status and frontiers of SSD.

Methods: The documents related to SSD are obtained from the web of science core collection database (WoSCC), and VOSviewer 1.

Gut-brain axis as a bridge in obesity and depression: Mechanistic exploration and therapeutic prospects.

A recent study by Wang , published in the , provided preventative and therapeutic strategies for the comorbidity of obesity and depression. The gutbrain axis, which acts as a two-way communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Evidence suggests that metabolic byproducts, such as short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and bile acids, which are generated by the gut microbiota, along with neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators within the gut-brain axis, modulate the host's metabolic processes, neuronal regulation, and immune responses through diverse mechanisms.

Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorders: Present trends and future directions.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness characterized by significant mood swings. Effective drug treatment modalities are crucial for managing BD.

Aim: To analyze the current status and future trends of global research on BD drug treatment over the last decade.

Osimertinib as a neoadjuvant therapy in resectable EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world, multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been authorized for use in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant osimertinib in individuals with resectable locally advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation.

Methods: Ten centers located in mainland China took part in a single-arm, real-world, multicenter retrospective study (registration number: ChiCTR2100049954).

Therapeutic dose prediction using score-based diffusion model for pretreatment patient-specific quality assurance.

Objectives: Implementing pre-treatment patient-specific quality assurance (prePSQA) for cancer patients is a necessary but time-consuming task, imposing a significant workload on medical physicists. Currently, the prediction methods used for prePSQA fall under the category of supervised learning, limiting their generalization ability and resulting in poor performance on new data. In the context of this work, the limitation of traditional supervised models was broken by proposing a conditional generation method utilizing unsupervised diffusion model.

Physical exercise behavior characteristics and influencing factors for participation in police officers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze police officers' exercise participation behavior and influencing factors in order to better promote physical exercise participation and improve the health status of the police force.

Methods: Police officers ( = 3,682) were recruited from 16 district public security substations in a city in eastern China to investigate their physical exercise participation and influencing factors, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate three aspects: exercise behavior, health cognition, and influencing factors.

Findings: The physical exercise behavior of police officers showed long duration of time, but low frequency and intensity.

Assessing the possibility of using large language models in ocular surface diseases.

Aim: To assess the possibility of using different large language models (LLMs) in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases: ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Claude 2, PaLM2, and SenseNova.

Methods: A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question single-choice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam questions.

Disintegration Mechanism of Coal-Bearing Soil Based on Granularity Entropy and Water-Air Two-Phase Flow.

Coal-bearing soils (CBS), products of coal-bearing strata weathering, are particularly prone to disintegration due to the effects of dry-wet cycles. Static water disintegration tests, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), and mineral chemical composition analyses were conducted on CBS. The disintegration evolution of CBS is characterized by granularity entropy and is analyzed concerning the disintegration ratio.

Petrology of the Sandstone-Type Uranium Target Layer and Its Uranium Existence Form in the Telaaobao Mineral Area, Ordos Basin.

In recent years, the Telaaobao Mineral Area in the Northwestern Ordos Basin has been newly discovered as a uranium mineralization area with its ore-bearing target layer located within the Lower Cretaceous Huanhe Formation, belonging to a new area and a new layer, and has great uranium deposit formation potential. In order to deeply study the issues of the ore-bearing target in this area, such as the petrology, mineralogy, and uranium mineralization of the ore-bearing sandstone, based on the data from field geological investigation and drill core logging, the petrological characteristics of the ore-bearing sandstone of the target layer are preliminarily interpreted using a polarizing microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and the uranium mineral composition, uranium occurrence state, and uranium deposit mineralization are investigated through the electron probe microanalysis technique in this paper. The results show that the target layer sandstone in the study area has the characteristics of proximal deposit and has undergone significant epigenetic alteration and transformation, producing favorable conditions for uranium- and oxygen-containing water transportation and uranium mineralization.

Analysis of clinical characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome with acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study.

Objective: This research aimed to analyze the impact of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) with acute pancreatitis (AP) on the severity and prognosis of patients, screen the risk factors of HFRS with AP, and establish a nomogram model.

Methods: Data were collected from HFRS patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University and Dali Prefecture People's Hospital (2013-2023). Patients were divided into HFRS with AP ( = 34) and HFRS without AP groups ( = 356).

Neurological mechanism-based analysis of the role and characteristics of physical activity in the improvement of depressive symptoms.

Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by a high prevalence and significant adverse effects, making the searching for effective interventions an urgent priority. In recent years, physical activity (PA) has increasingly been recognized as a standard adjunctive treatment for mental disorders owing to its low cost, easy application, and high efficiency. Epidemiological data shows positive preventive and therapeutic effects of PA on mental illnesses such as depression.

Bioequivalence Study of Bedaquiline Fumarate Tablets in Healthy Chinese Subjects.

Bedaquiline fumarate tablets are a novel oral antimycobacterial drug. This study assessed the bioequivalence of a generic bedaquiline fumarate tablet compared to a reference tablet under fasting (n = 44) and fed (n = 24) conditions. Conducted as a single-center, randomized, open-label, 2-sequence, crossover trial, 68 participants were randomly assigned to receive a 100-mg dose of either the test or reference tablet, with a 42-day washout period between doses.

Molecular ferroelectric self-assembled interlayer for efficient perovskite solar cells.

The interfacial molecular dipole enhances the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by facilitating improved charge extraction. However, conventional self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) face challenges like inadequate interface coverage and weak dipole interactions. Herein, we develop a strategy using a self-assembled ferroelectric layer to modify the interfacial properties of PSCs.

Rare earth element erbium induces immune toxicity through the ROS/NF-κB pathway in zebrafish.

The large-scale mining and utilization of rare earth elements have significantly increased their concentration in the environment, especially in regions surrounding mining areas. These environmentally-enriched rare earth elements accumulate in agricultural products and organisms through soil and water, potentially impacting in human health through the food chain. Erbium (Er), a rare earth element of the lanthanide series (Group IIIB), plays a crucial role in various modern technological applications.

Mitochondrial targeted drug Dichloroacetate protects against sulfur mustard-induced neurotoxicity via the PDK/PDH axis and Akt/Nrf2 pathway.

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a major toxic chemical threat to public health. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a critical contributing factor to mustard agent-induced damage. The brain is vulnerable to SM, which can lead to various types of acute and long-term psychiatric distress after exposure, but the neurotoxic mechanisms of SM, let alone drug candidates, are seldom studied.

Puerarin mitigates cognitive decline and white matter injury via CD36-Mediated microglial phagocytosis in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) contributes significantly to white matter injury (WMI) and cognitive impairment, often leading to vascular dementia (VaD). Inefficient clearance of myelin debris by microglia impedes white matter repair, making microglia-mediated myelin clearance a promising therapeutic strategy for WMI. Puerarin (Pu), an isoflavonoid monomer from Pueraria lobata, is known for its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties.

Hypoxia and lipid metabolism related genes drive proliferation migration and immune infiltration mechanisms in colorectal cancer subtyping.

Hypoxia and lipid metabolism play crucial roles in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the specific functions of hypoxia- and lipid metabolism-related genes (HLPG) in CRC and their relationships with patient prognosis remain unclear. Differential expression analysis using the TCGA-COAD and GEO databases identified 117 HLPGs through the intersection of the two gene sets.