Predictors of Understaging with EUS and PET-CECT in Early Esophageal Carcinoma.

Background: The clinicoradiological staging for esophageal cancer is fraught with variable accuracy, potentially depriving patients who have been understaged of the benefit of neoadjuvant therapy, which has been shown to improve long-term survival in locally advanced malignancies. It is imperative to identify these high-risk tumors for tailored treatment.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of patients undergoing esophagectomy for carcinoma esophagus between 2011 and 2019.

A homozygous TARS2 variant is a novel cause of syndromic neonatal diabetes.

Aims: Neonatal diabetes is a monogenic condition which can be the presenting feature of complex syndromes. The aim of this study was to identify novel genetic causes of neonatal diabetes with neurological features including developmental delay and epilepsy.

Methods: We performed genome sequencing in 27 individuals with neonatal diabetes plus epilepsy and/or developmental delay of unknown genetic cause.

Indian consensus on the managemeNt of carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales infection in critically ill patients II (ICONIC II).

Introduction: The rising challenge of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections in Indian healthcare settings calls for clear clinical guidance on the management of these infections. The Indian consensus on the management of CRE infection in critically ill patients (ICONIC-II) is a follow-up of the ICONIC-I study, which was undertaken in 2019.

Areas Covered: A modified Delphi method was used to build expert consensus on CRE management in India, involving online surveys, face-to - face expert meetings, and a literature review.

FOIL ACTIVATION TECHNIQUE-A TOOL FOR THE EVALUATION OF PHOTO-NEUTRON DOSE IN RADIOTHERAPY.

Treatment of cancer is carried out using photon beams from high-energy medical linear accelerators. Photo-neutrons are also produced as an unwanted by product in the process of dose delivery to the cancer patients during their radiation treatments. In the present study, photo-neutron dose equivalents (both thermal and fast components) per unit delivered gamma-photon dose were measured at different depths, as function of distances from iso-centre in patient plane, field sizes, wedge angles and at LINAC head for a 15-MV medical linear accelerator model Elekta Precise using multi-foil activation technique.

Reducing Perinatal Mortality in India: Two-Years Results of the IRIA Fetal Radiology Samrakshan Program.

 The aim of the study is to determine improvements in perinatal mortality at the end of the first 2 years from the initiation of the Samrakshan program of the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association.  Samrakshan is a screening program of pregnant women that uses trimester-specific risk assessment protocols including maternal demographics, mean arterial pressure, and fetal Doppler studies to classify women as high risk or low risk for preterm preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Low dose aspirin 150 mg daily once at bedtime was started for pregnant women identified as high risk in the 11-13 weeks screening.

Body Image Scale: Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties in Three Indian Head and Neck Cancer Language Groups.

Background: Body image is a subjective concept encompassing a person's views and emotions about their body. Head and neck cancer (HNC) diagnosis and treatment affects several psychosocial concepts including body image. Large numbers of HNC patients are diagnosed each year in India but there are no suitable measures in regional languages to assess their body image.

Hip Surveillance for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Survey of Orthopaedic Surgeons in India.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess Indian orthopaedic surgeons' current practices and beliefs regarding hip surveillance for children with cerebral palsy (CP), to determine potential support for developing hip surveillance guidelines, and to identify knowledge gaps and key obstacles to guideline implementation in India.

Methods: An anonymous, cross-sectional online survey was sent to approximately 350 Paediatric Orthopaedic Society of India (POSI) members who were queried on their practices and beliefs about hip surveillance for children with CP, as well as perceived challenges and requirements for the successful implementation of hip surveillance guidelines in the Indian context.

Results: Out of 107 responses obtained from POSI members, almost all (96.

Practice Essentials of Imaging in Early Diagnosis of DDH.

Introduction: Developmental dysplasia of hip joint (DDH) is a dynamic progressive pathology which can tilt either way. The term strictly applies to primary dysplasia, where etiology is not clearly known. Secondary dysplasia can be due multiple causes, such as neuromuscular disorders, connective tissue disorders or skeletal syndromes.

The Incidence, Diagnosis, and Treatment practices of Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH) in India: A Scoping Systematic Review.

Purpose: To identify literature on variations and knowledge gaps in the incidence, diagnosis, and management of developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) in India.

Methods: Following standard methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a scoping systematic review of literature on incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of DDH in India was conducted. Studies conducted in India, published in indexed or non-indexed journals between 1975 and March 2021, were included in the search.

Guillian--Barre' Syndrome in Patients with SARS-CoV-2: A Multicentric Study from Maharashtra, India.

Background: Guillian--Barre' Syndrome (GBS) has been shown to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of our study was to study the clinical profile and outcomes of GBS in COVID-19 from the Western region of India, the State of Maharashtra.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter observation study from different hospitals in Maharashtra beginning from March 2020 until November 2020.

Clinical Studies and Pre-clinical Animal Models on Facial Nerve Preservation, Reconstruction, and Regeneration Following Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Surgery-A Systematic Review and Future Perspectives.

Tumorous lesions developing in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) get into close contact with the 1st (cisternal) and 2nd (meatal) intra-arachnoidal portion of the facial nerve (FN). When surgical damage occurs, commonly known reconstruction strategies are often associated with poor functional recovery. This article aims to provide a systematic overview for translational research by establishing the current evidence on available clinical studies and experimental models reporting on intracranial FN injury.

Financial impact of COVID-19 on radiology practice in India.

The COVID-19 pandemic will have serious financial effects on the healthcare sector business. There will be significant short-term and long-term effects of this on Radiology services throughout the country. Various social distancing measures undertaken by the government will bring larger economic hurdles with them.

Pituitary Volume and Iron Overload Evaluation by 3T MRI in Thalassemia.

Objective: To evaluate pituitary volume and iron overload in beta thalassemia major, with the objective of assessing the reliability of this method in predicting hypogonadism.

Methods: 3T MRI was used to measure pituitary R2 and T2* in 57 beta thalassemia major patients and 30 controls. Anterior pituitary volume was evaluated by MRI planimetry.

Hip Displacement in Cerebral Palsy: The Role of Surveillance.

Introduction: Hip displacement is common in cerebral palsy (CP) and is related to the severity of neurological and functional impairment. It is a silent, but progressive disease, and can result in significant morbidity and decreased quality of life, if left untreated. The pathophysiology of hip displacement in CP is a combination of hip flexor-adductor muscle spasticity, abductor muscle weakness, and delayed weight-bearing, resulting in proximal femoral deformities and progressive acetabular dysplasia.

Total Hip Arthroplasty in 52 Active Advanced Tubercular Arthritic Hips.

Background: The role of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in healed tuberculosis (TB) of the hip has been reported with success in the past. However, the role and success of THA in active TB of the hip has remained controversial.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a prospective study of 52 THAs done for active TB of the hip in 51 patients.

Complications after bariatric surgery: A multicentric study of 11,568 patients from Indian bariatric surgery outcomes reporting group.

Background: Complications after bariatric surgery are not uncommon occurrences that influence the choice of operations both by patients and by surgeons. Complications may be classified as intra-operative, early (<30 days post-operatively) or late (beyond 30 days). The prevalence of complications is influenced by the sample size, surgeon's experience and length and percentage of follow-up.

Cytokine Storm in Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Expert Management Considerations.

Aim/objective/introduction: Cytokine storm or cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is inevitable in severe and critically ill patients with novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This review aimed to discuss current therapeutic options for the management of CRS in COVID-19.

Background: Cytokine storm is caused by the colossal release of proinflammatory cytokines [e.

Medical nutrition therapy of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus in India: Unique aspects and challenges.

Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a vital aspect of management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and should be tailored to ethnic and family traditions and the socioeconomic and educational status of the patient. In this article, we discuss the unique aspects of MNT in children and adolescents with T1DM in the Indian setting, with focus on the challenges faced by patients, dieticians and physicians and how these can be overcome. The authors reviewed the available literature on MNT in T1DM from India and prepared the document based on their vast collective clinical experience in treating patients with T1DM from different regions in India.

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of liver: Paradoxical imaging appearance.

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver is a rare entity. It is a malignant primitive mesenchymal tumor seen in the pediatric age group often between 6 to 10 years of age. It involves the right lobe of the liver commonly and is usually asymptomatic.

Primary ovarian leiomyoma: Imaging in a rare entity.

Primary ovarian leiomyoma is a very rare benign mesenchymal tumor arising from the smooth muscle of walls of ovarian blood vessels. It is usually seen between 20 65 years of age. Being asymptomatic in many patients, these are incidentally detected.

MRI findings in intraosseous extension of calcific supraspinatus tendonitis.

Calcific Tendinitis is a condition characterized by abnormal deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in the tendons with secondary inflammation. However, complication like intraosseous migration is rare. Hereby we present a case of 58-year-old female patient who presented with pain in the right shoulder along with restricted movements.

Six-year study on peripheral venous catheter-associated BSI rates in 262 ICUs in eight countries of South-East Asia: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium findings.

Background: Short-term peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection rates have not been systematically studied in Asian countries, and data on peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections incidence by number of short-term peripheral venous catheter days are not available.

Methods: Prospective, surveillance study on peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections conducted from 1 September 2013 to 31 May 2019 in 262 intensive care units, members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium, from 78 hospitals in 32 cities of 8 countries in the South-East Asia Region: China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. For this research, we applied definition and criteria of the CDC NHSN, methodology of the INICC, and software named INICC Surveillance Online System.