Coronary artery disease in women.

Background: Despite the importance of CAD for women, there is persistent perception that CAD is a man's disease. Contributing to this notion is the observation of differences in incidence rates according to age; the incidence of CAD in women is lower than men, but rises steadily after fifth decade. The distribution of CAD risk factors varies between men and women across age ranges and failure to consider these differences may have contributed to the belief that women are at lower risk of CAD compared with men.

Postoperative Stridor following Repair of Tracheoesophageal Fistula: A Case Report.

We report a case of prolonged post-operative stridor in a full-term neonate who was operated for tracheoesophageal fistula. Initial evaluation including an endoscopy and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan was normal. Repeat endoscopic evaluation under anesthesia revealed tight aryepiglottic folds.

Combined prednisolone and pirfenidone in bleomycin-induced lung disease.

Bleomycin is a cytostatic drug commonly employed in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, seminomas, and choriocarcinoma. Bleomycin may induce a chronic pulmonary inflammation that may progress to fibrosis. So far, only corticosteroids have been used in the treatment of bleomycin-induced lung disease with variable results.

A retrospective analysis of patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiation, hyperthermia, and cetuximab: A brief report of outcome.

Purpose: Advanced head and neck cancer continues to have a dismal outcome. Chemoradiation remains the current standard of care. Chemoradiation has not achieved the desired increase in survival in locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Time to shift from contemporary to high-sensitivity cardiac troponin in diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes.

Early rule-in and rule-out of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is a challenge. In patients with inconclusive findings on ECG, cardiac biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosis. The introduction of the new high-sensitive cardiac troponin test (hs-TnI assay) has changed the landscape of NSTEMI diagnosis.

A Relook of Cefuroxime in Community Infections: An Option Still Beneficial.

In community and family practice, infections are a common OPD presentation. In the management of common bacterial infections seen in community especially RTI, UTI, SSTI; cefuroxime a second generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity can be used for empirical treatment. To know current place of cefuroxime in the management of infections, physicians, surgeons, microbiologist, chest physician, gynecologist and pediatrician came together to discuss and debate their experience with cefuroxime and its place in today's world.

Association of Oral Candida albicans with Severe Early Childhood Caries - A Pilot Study.

Introduction: In early childhood, children are more susceptible to opportunistic microbial colonization in the oral cavity due to immature immune system and not fully established micro flora. The current literature proposes a probable role of Candida albicans, a fungus in the etiopathogenesis of dental caries.

Aim: This study was conducted to compare the Candida albicans count in children with severe early childhood caries and caries free children.

An in vitro Comparative Evaluation of Three Remineralizing Agents using Confocal Microscopy.

Introduction: The caries process has been thought to be irreversible, resulting in the permanent loss of tooth substance and eventually the development of a cavity. Recent approaches focused on application of remineralizing agents to incipient carious lesions, aim at controlling demineralization and promoting remineralization. Remineralizing agents create a supersaturated environment around the lesion; thus, preventing mineral loss and forces calcium and phosphate ions in the vacant areas.

Study on the measurement of photo-neutron for15 MV photon beam from medical linear accelerator under different irradiation geometries using passive detectors.

Aim Of Study: The photo-neutron dose equivalents of 15 MV Elekta precise accelerators were measured for different depths in phantom, for various field sizes, at different distances from the isocenter in the patient plane and for various wedged fields.

Materials And Methods: Fast and thermal neutrons are measured using passive detectors such as Columbia Resin-39 and pair of thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) 600 and TLD 700 detector from Elekta medical linear accelerator.

Results: It is found that fast photo-neutron dose rate decreases as the depth increases, with a maximum of 0.

Evaluation of carotid artery dynamics & correlation with cardiac & hepatic iron in β-thalassaemia patients.

Background & Objectives: Early atherosclerosis and vascular complication have been described in thalassaemia patients. There is lack of data or guidelines regarding monitoring of vascular health in thalassaemia. This study was conducted to compare carotid artery structural and functional indices such as carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), stiffness index (SI) and Young's elastic modulus (YEM) in β-thalassemia patients with age and sex matched controls, and to correlate these parameters with serum ferritin, cardiac iron, and hepatic iron.

Ultrasound Examination of Pediatric Musculoskeletal Diseases and Neonatal Spine.

Ultrasound (US) is a simple, non-invasive imaging modality which allows high-resolution imaging of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system. Its increasing popularity in pediatrics is due to the fact that it does not involve radiation, has an ability to visualize non-ossified cartilaginous and vascular structures, allows dynamic imaging and quick contralateral comparison. US is the primary imaging modality in some pediatric MSK conditions like infant hip in developmental dysplasia (DDH), hip joint effusion, epiphyseal trauma and evaluation of the neonatal spine.

A successful twin pregnancy in a patient with HbE-β-thalassemia in western India.

Improvements in medical facilities have helped a large number of clinically severe hemoglobin E (HbE)-β-thalassemia patients reach adulthood. Consequently, there is a new challenge, that of managing women with HbE-β-thalassemia during pregnancy. In particular, they have a high risk of abortion, preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, and thromboembolism.

Ethionamide-induced Pellagra.

Pellagra is a disorder characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia and eventually death, resulting from a deficiency of niacin or its precursor tryptophan. Ethionamide (a second-line antituberculosis agent)-induced pellagra is rarely encountered in clinical practice. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with nicotinamide can prevent life-threatening complications.

Hybrid closure of atrial septal defect: A modified approach.

A 3.5-year-old girl underwent transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in early infancy during which time her secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) was left alone. When she came for elective closure of ASD, she was found to have bilaterally blocked femoral veins.

Variation of the latissimus dorsi.

A typical muscle variation of latissimus dorsi - the axillary arch is represented by the muscular or fibromuscular slip detached from the anteroinferior border of the musculus latissimus dorsi passing over the axilla under the axillary fascia crossing the medial side of the brachial plexus to continue as a septum intermusculare mediale brachii distally to the medial epicondyle of humerus. The full extent of the muscle is rarely present. Slips of muscle extend from the latissimus dorsi at the inferior angle of scapula to insert into pectoralis major (Langer), coracobrachilis, biceps or coracoid process forming what is described as a common variant - the muscular axillary arch.

Eosinophilic meningitis: a case series and review of literature of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Gnathostoma spinigerum.

Eosinophilic meningitis is defined as the presence of >10 eosinophils/μL in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or at least 10% eosinophils in the total CSF leukocyte count. Eosinophilic meningitis has been reported in two case series and two case reports in India till date and has not been reported in children below 15 years of age. We present two children with eosinophilic meningitis with peripheral eosinophilia and the proposed etiologic agents based on the clinical setting and their response to antihelminthic agents.

The cognitive and technical skills impact of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons simulation curriculum on neurosurgical trainees at the 2013 Neurological Society of India meeting.

Objective: To assess the impact of a simulation-based educational curriculum of 4 modules on neurosurgical trainees at the Neurological Societies of India annual meeting, which was held in Mumbai, India, in December 2013.

Methods: We developed a microanastomosis, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), posterior cervical fusion (PCF), and durotomy repair and their corresponding objective assessment scales. Each module was divided into 3 components: 1) a before didactic cognitive knowledge and technical skills testing, 2) a didactic lecture, and 3) an after didactic cognitive knowledge and technical skills testing.