Outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage: A multicenter study from India (with video).

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) offers a safe and minimally invasive alternative for percutaneous cholecystostomy (PCC) in acute cholecystitis patients with high-surgical risk. Additionally, EUS-GBD serves as a rescue biliary drainage in malignant distal biliary obstruction. Despite its widespread application, data within the Indian context remains sparse.

Expert opinion on diagnosis and management of Severe Asthma in low and middle income countries (LMIC) with focus on India.

Objective: In this document, 9 Indian experts have evaluated the factors specific to LMICs when it came to Severe Asthma (SA) diagnosis, evaluation, biologic selection, non-biologic treatment options, and follow-up.

Data Sources: A search was performed using 50 keywords, focusing on the Indian/LMICs perspective, in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The key areas of the search were focused on diagnosis, phenoendotyping, non-biological therapies, selecting a biologic, assessment of treatment response, and management of exacerbation.

N0 neck trial: Does intensification of follow-up (Ultrasound + Physical Examination) influence outcomes in early-stage oral cancer?

Aim Of The Study: We previously reported a survival benefit of elective neck dissection (END) over therapeutic neck dissection (TND) in patients with clinically node-negative early-stage oral cancer. We now report the results of the second question in the same study addressing the impact of adding neck ultrasound to physical examination during follow-up on outcomes.

Methods: Patients with lateralized T1/T2 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were randomized to END or TND and to follow-up with physical-examination plus neck ultrasound (PE+US) versus physical-examination (PE).

Clinical Utility of Stepwise Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Analysis in Diagnosing and Managing Lung Infiltrates in Leukemia/Lymphoma Patients With Febrile Neutropenia.

Purpose: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious complication in hematologic malignancies, and lung infiltrates (LIs) remain a significant concern. An accurate microbiological diagnosis is crucial but difficult to establish. To address this, we analyzed the utility of a standardized method for performing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) along with a two-step strategy for the analysis of BAL fluid.

Central Fracture-Dislocation of the Hip with Ipsilateral Femoral Neck Fracture in an Elderly Patient with Parkinsonism Managed with Dual Mobility Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: The combination of a central fracture-dislocation of the hip, acetabulum fracture, and neck of the femur fracture is a rare injury, with a few reports described in the literature. Guidelines regarding managing this type of injury in single or multiple stages, the requirement of acetabular augmentation with plates, metal rings or cages, and the implant selection in elderly patients are not adequately defined while planning a total hip arthroplasty (THA). The successful management of such a complex fracture pattern in an elderly patient with neurodegenerative disorder is described in our case report.

Development of a question prompt list for Indian cancer patients receiving radiation therapy treatment and their primary family caregivers.

Aim: We aimed to develop two question prompt lists (QPLs), one for Indian cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy and the second for their primary family caregivers.

Methods: The study comprised three phases: (1) qualitative interviews with patients (n = 65) and PFCs (n = 39) to identify their information needs, queries and concerns regarding RT; (2) development of draft QPLs using conventional content analysis and translation into Hindi and Marathi using European Organisation Research and Treatment of Cancer guidelines; and, (3) A readability analysis, and acceptability study with patients (n = 22), PFCs (n = 26) and Radiation Oncology (RO) staff (n = 20) exploring barriers to QPL implementation.

Results And Discussion: Analysis in Phase I identified questions patients and PFCs asked or wanted to ask their physician.

The significance of the presence of extranodal extension in the metastatic node of differentiated thyroid cancer: a proposal for modification in the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification.

Background: Multiple factors contribute to recurrences in differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC). Though the nodal size and number of positive nodes along with the presence of extranodal extension (ENE) have been mentioned in the present ATA risk stratification, the weightage given for ENE seems inadequate compared to the former two.

Methodology: Factors predicting recurrences were analysed in this retrospective study of patients with DTC operated in a tertiary care centre.

Impact of Changes in Treatment Paradigms on Survival in Oral Squamous Carcinoma-a Population-Level Study.

Unlabelled: There have been notable improvements in the treatment of oral cancers. The objective of this study was to see whether these improvements have translated into survival benefits at the population level from the SEER database. This is a retrospective study using the SEER 19 Custom database which included patients diagnosed with oral cancer between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2015.

Diagnostic potential of serum HSP90 beta for HNSCC and its therapeutic prognosis after local hyperthermia therapy.

The present pilot study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic efficacy of serum HSP90 beta in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) patients subjected to localized hyperthermia therapy (HT). Serum levels of HSP90 beta were measured by ELISA and its diagnostic and prognostic efficacy was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. HNSCC patients showed significantly (P<0.

Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Children of Women who Took Part in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Preconceptional Nutritional Intervention in Mumbai, India.

Background: Maternal nutrition influences fetal development and may permanently alter ("program") offspring body composition and metabolism, thereby influencing later risk of diabetes and cardiovascular (cardiometabolic) disease. The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease is rising rapidly in India.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that supplementing low-income Indian women with micronutrient-rich foods preconceptionally and during pregnancy has a beneficial impact on the children's body composition and cardiometabolic risk marker profiles.

Assessing the Agreement Between Preoperative Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) Done for Major Salivary Gland Neoplasm When Reported by Head and Neck Pathologists and Non-head and Neck Pathologists with Its Final Histopathology.

The preoperative FNA is an important investigation in the workup of a salivary gland pathology. A preoperative diagnosis is important to plan management and counsel patients accordingly. In this study, we aimed to assess the agreement between the preoperative FNA and the final histopathology report when reported by a head and neck and a non-head and neck pathologist.

Surgeon perception of factors affecting the efficiency of conventional and robotic laparoscopy: A Pan India study.

Background: Laparoscopic surgery, being minimally invasive, offers many benefits including faster patient recovery, reduced scarring and lower mortality rate. It is, however, technically challenging and requires a long learning curve. These issues can be overcome by Robot-Assisted Surgery (RAS) systems, which incorporate computer-controlled motions enabling enhanced precision and accuracy.

Treatment-related communication experiences and expectations among Indian cancer patients receiving radiation therapy and their family members: A qualitative study.

Objective: To explore Indian cancer patients' and their primary family caregivers' (PFC) experiences and expectations of treatment-related communication with their physician while undergoing radiation therapy.

Methods: Participants, comprising patient-PFC dyads (n = 32), patients only (n = 33) and PFC only (n = 7), were recruited from one hospital in Mumbai, India. Semi-structured interviews explored participants' perceived role in cancer-related decision-making, diagnosis and prognosis communication experiences with the physician, communication expectations of their treating physician, and information needs.

Expert survey on management of prostate cancer in India: Real-world insights into practice patterns.

To gain insights on the diverse practice patterns and treatment pathways for prostate cancer (PC) in India, the Urological Cancer Foundation convened the first Indian survey to discuss all aspects of PC, with the objective of guiding clinicians on optimizing management in PC. A modified Delphi method was used, wherein a multidisciplinary panel of oncologists treating PC across India developed a questionnaire related to screening, diagnosis and management of early, locally advanced and metastatic PC and participated in a web-based survey (WBS) (n = 62). An expert committee meeting (CM) (n = 48, subset from WBS) reviewed the ambiguous questions for better comprehension and reanalyzed the evidence to establish a revote for specific questions.

Multiple Cranial Nerve Involvement as a Presentation of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Case-Based Review.

Central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is of two types: primary and secondary (more common). Primary CNS lymphoma usually presents as parenchymal lesions having characteristic imaging findings and may be associated with leptomeningeal involvement. Involvement of multiple cranial nerves as the initial manifestation of primary CNS lymphoma with the development of typical parenchymal lesions on follow-up is a rare entity.

Real-world Experience with Favipiravir for Treatment of COVID-19 among Indian Healthcare Professionals.

Introduction: Favipiravir has shown promising results for COVID-19 globally. Though many Indian patients have received favipiravir, there is a lack of realworld data for its clinical use by the practicing physicians. Hence, a qualitative survey was conducted to understand real-world use of favipiravir in management of COVID-19.

Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Children of Women who Took Part in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Preconceptional Nutritional Intervention in Mumbai, India.

Background: Maternal nutrition influences fetal development and may permanently alter ("program") offspring body composition and metabolism, thereby influencing later risk of diabetes and cardiovascular (cardiometabolic) disease. The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease is rising rapidly in India.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that supplementing low-income Indian women with micronutrient-rich foods preconceptionally and during pregnancy has a beneficial impact on the children's body composition and cardiometabolic risk marker profiles.

Results of sequential swallowing assessments in patients undergoing upfront surgery for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The swallowing outcomes in patients undergoing glossectomy have been inconsistently reported in the literature owing to variable follow up times, different tools for assessment and lack of single institution large scale studies. The aim of our study was to assess the patterns of swallowing outcomes over time and identify factors affecting nasogastric tube dependency at 1-year post-surgery.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study of treatment naïve patients with oral tongue carcinoma who underwent surgery and attended the speech and swallow clinic between January 2016 and December 2019 at our institute were included in the study.

Risk Stratification for Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

There is strong correlation between coronary artery disease (CAD) and Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This can be attributed to early atherosclerosis in diabetic subset as compared to non-diabetic population. However, owing to neuropathy and other metabolic milieu, which exists in patients with diabetes mellitus, many patients present late to the health care for atherosclerosis and its complications.

TIPIC-A Newly Recognized Syndrome: Multimodality Imaging of a Rare Clinicoradiological Entity.

Carotidynia is a controversial clinicopathological entity vastly described in Western literature as neck pain in the region of carotid bifurcation secondary to an underlying inflammatory etiology. Radiologically, this appears as perivascular inflammation and has recently been designated as transient perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome. The authors of this report discuss the multimodality imaging features of a rare case of this disease in our country to familiarize radiologists with the imaging findings and to encourage the inclusion of TIPIC syndrome as a differential diagnosis for focal neck pain.