A Case of Spontaneously Developed Retroperitoneal Parasitic Leiomyoma.

Spontaneous retroperitoneal parasitic leiomyomas are extremely rare and are mostly located in the pelvic cavity. Herein, we present a case of a small primary parasitic leiomyoma arising in the retroperitoneum. A 46-year-old Japanese woman presented with iron deficiency anemia.

Feasibility of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy for Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction.

Background: Almost all previous reports on endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) involve malignant distal bile duct strictures. However, the feasibility of EUS-HGS for malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO) remains unclear.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EUS-HGS for MHBO and identify the risk factors associated with technical failure.

Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in 30 Japanese Patients With Congenital Hypothyroidism Attributable to TG Defects.

Context: Thyroglobulin (Tg), encoded by TG, is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. TG defects result in congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Most reported patients were born before the introduction of newborn screening (NBS).

Suppressed pediatric asthma hospitalizations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, from a national survey.

Background: Acute asthma exacerbation in children is often caused by respiratory infections. In this study, a coordinated national surveillance system for acute asthma hospitalizations and causative respiratory infections was established. We herein report recent trends in pediatric acute asthma hospitalizations since the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.

Extragonadal recurrence of benign mature teratoma in the pouch of Douglas.

Laparoscopic cystectomy for mature teratomas is associated with a high incidence of intraperitoneal spillage and tumor spread; however, extragonadal recurrence of this benign tumor is rare. We hereby present an additional case of extragonadal mature teratoma that recurred in the pouch of Douglas after ovarian cystectomy. A 43-year-old Japanese woman presented with atypical genital bleeding.

[Traumatic Right Atrial Rupture and Right Ventricular Papillary Muscle Rupture].

A 18-year-old man was driving at 100 km/h on a motorbike and collided with a utility pole. He was taken to our hospital in a state of shock due to an unstable pelvic fracture and cardiac tamponade. Pericardial drainage was carried out, but intrapericardial hemorrhage persisted and the patient underwent emergency thoracotomy and suture of right atrial injury.

Incidence and appropriate management of drug-induced interstitial lung disease in Japanese patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer: A multicenter retrospective study.

Aim: Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DI-ILD) is a serious adverse event during chemotherapy. This study aimed to obtain real-world data of the incidence, clinical characteristics, predictive factors, and prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer who developed DI-ILD.

Methods: In patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer who underwent standard chemotherapy at our hospital and its participating facilities between April 2014 and March 2019, the clinical features, occurrence rate and clinical course of DI-ILD, and prognosis were retrospectively evaluated.

Nonfixation of mesh in laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: A propensity score matched analysis.

Background: Regarding the need for mesh fixation in total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (TEP), several studies have found no significant differences in the recurrence rate between patients with and without fixation. Furthermore, there is no report on the outcome of this treatment from Japan. We aimed to analyze the outcomes of nonfixation TEP with those of fixation at our institute.

Massive bleeding from a duodenal ulcer in a child with influenza infection: A case report of endoscopic findings.

Gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation following influenza infection is rare. We encountered a pediatric case of hemorrhagic duodenal ulcer following influenza A infection. The patient was a 1-year and 4-month-old boy who was diagnosed with influenza A infection and treated with laninamivir octanoate.

The Glasgow Prognostic Score and stricture site can predict prognosis after endoscopic duodenal stent placement for malignant gastric outlet obstruction.

Endoscopic duodenal stent (DS) placement for malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is rapidly increasing in clinical practice; however, the most suitable patient candidates for DS placement have not been determined. One hundred and thirty-five patients with GOO who underwent DS placement in three Japanese referral centers between January 2010 and October 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Overall survival (OS) after DS placement, technical/clinical success rates, adverse events, and predictive factors affecting OS after DS placement were also analyzed.

A phase II multicenter trial assessing the efficacy and safety of first-line S-1 + ramucirumab in elderly patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer: KSCC1701.

Background: The mainstream first-line chemotherapy for advanced/recurrent gastric cancer (ARGC) is combination therapy including platinum-based agents. With the progressive aging of the society, the incidence of gastric cancer in elderly patients is increasing. However, elderly patients cannot tolerate these agents because of renal dysfunction or low quality of life.

Uterine torsion in non-gravid women: A case report and review of cases reported in the last 20 years.

Uterine torsion is defined as a rotation of >45° around the long axis of the uterus. Uterine torsion is an uncommon event but is even rarer in non-gravid women, with only 25 cases reported in the last 20 years. Here, we report a case of uterine torsion associated with multiple pedunculated subserosal uterine leiomyomas in an 83-year-old woman.

Current Status of Endoscopic Surgery in Japan: The 15th National Survey of Endoscopic Surgery by the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery.

In Japan, the first endoscopic surgery, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, was performed in 1990. Since then, operative procedures have been standardized, and the safety and efficacy of endoscopic surgery have been evaluated. In accordance with the social acceptance of endoscopic surgery as a less invasive type of surgery, the number of endoscopic procedures performed has increased in all surgical domains.

Phase II study of S-1 and oxaliplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the gastric or esophagogastric junction: KSCC1601.

Background: Perioperative chemotherapy is the standard of care for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). This phase II study investigated the efficacy and safety of S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for LAGC and esophagogastric junction cancer (EGJC).

Methods: Patients completed up to three cycles of SOX (oxaliplatin 130 mg/m on day 1, oral S-1 40-60 mg twice daily for 2 weeks every 3 weeks), followed by gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy.

Surgical outcomes of totally extraperitoneal repair for inguinal hernia: A retrospective multicenter propensity score-matched study.

Background: Laparoscopic surgical approaches, including total extraperitoneal repair (TEP), have been widely accepted for inguinal hernia repair in Japan. However, there are limited data regarding recurrence after TEP in Japan, given the limited versatility of this procedure. This study retrospectively evaluated the rates of hernia recurrence after TEP and open mesh repair at multiple Japanese centers.

Extended total gastrectomy after nivolumab for unresectable multivisceral invasive gastric cancer.

Background: Chemotherapy has been considered the main treatment for stage IV gastric cancer (GC). However, advances in chemotherapy have provided new clinical approaches, permitting conversion surgery with the aim of R0 resection after resolving unresectability issues.

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old man with gastric cancer invading the pancreatic tail and spleen and with periaortic lymph-node enlargement was admitted to our hospital.

A Case of Vaginal Malignant Melanoma Completely Resected by Radical Surgery.

BACKGROUND Primary vaginal malignant melanoma is a rare and aggressive tumor with a high risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Although there are several available treatment options, none are considered as standard. Surgical resection is the first treatment choice because of its superior survival benefits.

Distribution of Deep Gray Matter Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Lymphomatosis Cerebri.

We herein report the distribution of gray matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in two patients with lymphomatosis cerebri (LC). In our patients, the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence of brain MRI demonstrated a bilateral and diffuse high signal intensity, not only in the white matter but also in the thalamus, globus pallidus, putamen, and hippocampus. Among the deep gray matter, the caudate head and putamen (striatum) were relatively spared when compared with the globus pallidus, thalamus, and hippocampus.