An Autopsy Study of Cerebrovascular Atherosclerosis in the Elderly.

Background: Stroke is an important cause of mortality with intracranial atherosclerosis as an important risk factor. Geographical variation in the pattern of atherosclerosis is well documented with various studies in stroke patients showing that African Americans and Japanese people tend to have intracranial vascular occlusion, whereas Caucasians more often have extracranial atherosclerotic lesions.

Methods: This is a prospective study of 50 cases of Indian elderly patients over 60 years of age where we have studied the CNS vasculature in detail including intracranial atherosclerosis with regards to its incidence, severity, distribution, plaque composition and associated risk factors.

The morphology of the pulp chamber floor of permanent mandibular first and second molars in an Indian subpopulation-a descriptive cross-sectional study employing Pawar and Singh classification.

Background: Mandibular molars are multi-rooted teeth with a complex and strenuous root canal anatomy. Because there is relatively negligible literature describing the pulp chamber floor anatomy, predicting the exact anatomical layout and its variations is daunting. A thorough comprehension and knowledge of the same is required for efficacious endodontic treatment consequence.

Impact of micro-osteoperforations on root resorption and alveolar bone in en-masse retraction in young adults: A CBCT randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) as a surgical technique is increasingly being used as a method to enhance orthodontic tooth movement. However, its iatrogenic effects on root and alveolar bone morphology have been less studied.

Objective: This parallel-groups single-centered trial aimed to assess the impact of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and alveolar bone during en-masse retraction stage of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth.

Severity of Post-Operative Pain after Instrumentation of Root Canals by XP-Endo and SAF Full Sequences Compared to Manual Instrumentation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

This investigation aimed to examine the post-operative pain experienced following single-visit root canal treatment using the XP-endo shaper sequence (XPS), full-sequence self-adjusting file (SAF), and manual K-files (HKF). A randomized equivalence parallel design, double-blinded clinical study was conducted on 120 patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, with or without clinical signs of apical periodontitis. Only teeth with fully formed roots and no periapical lesions were incorporated in the study.

Prevalence and association of comorbid substance dependence on the course and outcome of bipolar disorder: Findings from the bipolar disorder course and outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study).

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) and its association with the course and outcome of bipolar disorder (BD).

Materials And Methods: A total of 773 patients with BD were recruited from 14 centers in different parts of India, and they were evaluated for the prevalence of comorbid substance dependence, course and outcome, subjective cognitive functioning, and disability.

Results: About one-fourth (22.

Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in Class 1 Post-Endodontic Restorations in Molars-A Randomized Clinical Study.

This study aimed to evaluate and compare two different fiber-reinforced composite materials in class I post-endodontic restoration in molars. A total of 50 patients were randomly assigned into two groups ( = 25 for each group); group A: everX Posterior (packable composite) with a top layer of solareX (nano-hybrid composite) and group B: everX Flow (flowable composite) with a top layer of G-aenial universal injectable (flowable composite). Patients were evaluated immediately after the procedure (baseline), at 6 months, and at 1 year time intervals based on the modified USPHS criteria.

Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis-a randomized clinical study.

Background: The efficacy of 2% lignocaine is reduced in a hot tooth. Local aesthetic agents can be preheated and buffered to increase their effectiveness. The present investigation was carried out due to limited information concerning adult patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth.

Location angle of second mesio-buccal canal in maxillary molars of an Indian population: an in vivo retrospective CBCT evaluation and proposal of a new classification.

Background: The current investigation was designed for predicting the location angle of second mesio-buccal root canal in permanent maxillary (first and second) molars with the aid of proposed measuring points and line using cone beam computed tomography in an Indian population.

Methods: Three-hundred and twenty-four scans of permanent maxillary (first ( = 162) and second ( = 162)) molars with mesio-buccal 2 root canals and unassociated to the current evaluation were acquired. The maxillary molars were viewed with CSI imaging software.

CDK 4/6 inhibitors for adjuvant therapy in early breast cancer-Do we have a clear winner?

CDK4/6 inhibitors have become the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced hormone receptor positive and Human Epidermal Receptor -2 [ HER-2 ] negative breast cancer. Three CDK 4/6 inhibitor drugs are currently approved and available, including Palbociclib, Ribociclib and Abemaciclib. All three of these drugs have similar mechanism of action and other pharmacokinetic and pharmaco-dynamic properties and hold equivalent positions in cancer care guidelines.

Irrational ophthalmic fixed-dose combinations for dry eye syndrome.

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common disorder with rising incidence due to increased use of digital devices. While multiple treatment options are available, some are not efficacious or sometimes even safe for use in DES. This is particularly true for Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs) that may contain ingredients having no rational for their use or may actually be harmful.

Success of Dental Implant Influenced by Abutment Types and Loading Protocol.

Background: Dental implants are considered better, latest, and most advanced technique of teeth replacement in present times with more teeth loss and increased related concerns.

Aims: The present clinical trial was carried out to assess marginal bone loss and implant failure in immediate and delayed loading implants. The study also evaluated healing using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and the effect of risk factors on marginal bone loss.

A study to assess the impact of medical nutrition therapy compared to standard nutrition therapy in children with severe thinness in the age group of 5 to 10 years.

Aim: The aim of our study was to study and compare the impact and efficacy of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) with that of the standard nutrition therapy(SNT) in children diagnosed with Severe thiness in the age group of 5-10 years and diagnosed as severely thin.

Study Design: It was a prospective comparative study, conducted over a period of 18 months at the Nutrition Rehabilitation, Research and Training Centre (NRRTC) associated with a tertiary care hospital in India.

Methods And Materials: A total of 113 children in the age group of 5 to 10 years with severe thinness were enrolled and divided into 2 groups-58 were placed in the MNT group and 55 in the SNT group for a period of 8 weeks.

Evaluation of Root Anatomy and Canal Configuration of Human Permanent Maxillary First Molar Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this paper is to review the literature on root canal configuration (RCC) and the frequency of occurrence of a second mesiobuccal canal (MB) in human permanent maxillary first molars where cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is used. Online electronic databases such as PubMed-Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched using appropriate keywords from the earliest available date until 12th June 2022, without restriction on language. In the mesiobuccal root, type I was the most frequent (33.

Granular cell ameloblastoma as a solitary peripheral growth after twenty years of segmental resection of the mandible: A rare case of recurrence.

The ameloblastoma is a slowly growing, locally invasive, benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws with a high rate of recurrence if not removed adequately. We report an interesting case of granular cell ameloblastoma, which presented as a solitary, peripheral, soft tissue growth 20 years after initial segmental resection of the left mandible. The basal layer of oral mucosa could be the possible source of peripheral ameloblastoma in our case.

Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19: Clinical Profile and Outcome.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be a severe complication of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Follow-up data of these AKI patients, including the rate of progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD), is limited.

Methods: COVID-19 patients with AKI, admitted from June 1, 2020, to August 25, 2020, were enrolled prospectively.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Pulp Vitality Tests and Pulp Sensibility Tests for Assessing Pulpal Health in Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The current systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to compare the diagnostic accuracy of pulp vitality and pulp sensibility tests in assessing pulpal health. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Open Grey databases were searched and after assessing eligibility criteria the data were extracted. True-positive, false-positive, true-negative, false-negative, sensitivity and specificity values were extracted or calculated if not presented.

The Multifaceted Influence of COVID-19 on Indian Dentists: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Introduction: COVID-19 has had a new challenge on dental workers, radically altering clinical and personal management. The cross-sectional survey sought to examine and comprehend the influence of COVID-19 on Indian dentistry practitioners.

Methods: A 38-item questionnaire-based survey was communicated to Indian dental practitioners through a web-based form (Google form).

Adjunctive use of a surgical splint for leveling the curve of Spee following mandibular advancement.

Deep curve of Spee is a very common problem among Class II malocclusion patients associated with mandibular deficiency. The curve of Spee is maintained and leveled following surgical mandibular advancement. The same surgical splint which is used to guide the mandibular advancement can also be used for the leveling of deep curve of Spee.

The relationship between parents' oral hygiene knowledge and children with Down Syndrome's oral hygiene via OHI-S.

Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that causes structural, functional anomalies, and intellectual disability. The common oral hygiene problems found in DS children are gingivitis, periodontal problems, pain, infection, and problems with the masticatory system. This study explored the relationship between parents' oral hygiene knowledge and oral hygiene of children with DS.

Spectrum of viral hepatitis in hospitalized children in western India.

Viral hepatitis is a major public health problem affecting children globally. Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic illness to hepatitis, and liver failure. Data on clinical features and laboratory parameters were collected and analysed on 300 children, aged 1-12 years, admitted with confirmed viral hepatitis.

Distally based V-flap on the artery in an end-to-side anastomosis for arteriovenous fistula creation - A randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: With an increasing number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients presenting at a young age, it is necessary to create a vascular access (VA) that is reliable, long-lasting, and has minimal complications. Despite improvements in anastomotic techniques, distal arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has a high failure rate. The successful use of a geometric design for the end-to-side anastomosis in free tissue transfer led us to consider whether V-flap technique can be employed to achieve consistent and earlier maturation in distal AVF and reduce the failure rates.