A mixed-methods study comparing human-led and ChatGPT-driven qualitative analysis in medical education research.

Qualitative research, used to analyse non-numerical data including interview texts, is crucial in understanding medical education processes. However, it is often complex and time-consuming, leading to an interest in technology for streamlining the analysis. This study investigated the applicability of ChatGPT, a large language model, in thematic analysis for medical qualitative research.

Efficacy and safety of endovascular coil embolization for unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms: middle-term clinical and imaging outcomes with 3 years mean follow-up periods, a 16-year experience.

The anatomical characteristics of middle cerebral artery aneurysms make endovascular treatment difficult. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment of unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm in preventing rupture. A retrospective review of patients who underwent coil embolization for unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm between 2006 and 2022 at Nagoya University Hospital with at least 12 months followed up was conducted.

Adenylate cyclase 9 expression level is associated with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and predicts patient prognosis.

Adenylate cyclase family members have recently received attention as novel therapeutic targets. However, the significance of adenylate cyclase 9 (ADCY9) in breast cancer has not been elucidated. Here, we evaluated expression in breast cancer (BC) cell lines, and polymerase chain reaction array analysis was performed to determine the correlations between expression levels and 84 tumor-associated genes.

Association between combined use of epidural analgesia and oxytocin administration during labor and offspring outcomes: a narrative review and proposal.

Studies have suggested that the administration of epidural analgesia (Epi) and oxytocin (OT) during labor affects offspring outcomes. However, the effects of their combined use remain unclear. This article aimed to review the outcomes of offspring exposed to Epi and OT, identify research gaps, and discuss future research directions.

infection successfully treated with oral administration of minocycline and thermotherapy.

We report a case of a woman presenting with an erythematous finger nodule, with a history of exposure to tropical fish. The erythematous nodules subsequently spread proximally from the finger. Initial treatment with oral amoxicillin-clavulanate was unsuccessful, and she developed a drug eruption.

Factors associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension among adults in the northern rural area, Afghanistan.

Afghanistan has an increasing trend of mortality due to non-communicable diseases but most studies were conducted in urban areas. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension in a rural area in Afghanistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2019 including 373 people who were 18-79 years old and lived in Andkhoy District, Afghanistan.

A newly proposed endoscopic score system to evaluate the entire small bowel and predict the prognosis in Crohn's disease.

Small bowel stenosis in patients with Crohn's disease leads to abdominal symptoms and can affect prognosis. The Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease for the large bowel has been applied to the small bowel; however, stenosis scoring may be overestimated since it has a long diameter. This retrospective study aimed to devise a new endoscopic scoring system including the small bowel and evaluate whether it predicts the prognosis of Crohn's disease.

Three-dimensional spiral-shaping method of microcatheter for paraclinoid aneurysms: assessment using silicone models.

Selecting an appropriate microcatheter tip shape for paraclinoid aneurysms is difficult. Therefore, we devised an original simple and uniform three-dimensional (3D) spiral-shaping method of microcatheter and validated the characteristics and usefulness of this method for coil embolization of paraclinoid aneurysms using patient-specific silicone models. These silicone models were produced based on clinical data from four patients with four paraclinoid aneurysms that underwent endovascular treatment using the 3D spiral-shaping method.

Impact of vasopressin use for postoperative atrial fibrillation in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Postoperative atrial fibrillation complicates 15-40% of cardiac surgery cases and is associated with various adverse health outcomes including high mortality. Although vasopressin administration decreases postoperative atrial fibrillation in on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, its use in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting has not been investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of vasopressin use in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

The association between difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis and probable sarcopenia.

Objectives: To identify factors associated with probable sarcopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Probable sarcopenia was diagnosed using the SARC-F questionnaire. Patients with difficult-to-treat RA (D2T-RA) were defined as those with a history of using ≥2 biological/targeted synthetic (b/ts) disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) who had moderate or high disease activity.

Utility of manual vacuum aspiration followed by curettage in the treating hydatidiform mole: A retrospective analysis.

Aim: While manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) is commonly employed for early first-trimester abortions, its effectiveness in treating hydatidiform mole is still unclear. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MVA in comparison to dilation and curettage (D&C) for managing hydatidiform mole.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records for 198 patients with hydatidiform mole treated at Nagoya University Hospital between 2004 and 2023.

Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis of School-Age Children With Angelman Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.

Gait disturbance is a common motor symptom in Angelman syndrome (AS), but its characteristics have been poorly studied quantitatively. This study aimed to analyze gait characteristics in school-age children with AS using three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA). Patients with clinically and genetically confirmed AS and healthy children aged 6-15 years were included.

Implant failure of the Compress prosthesis: a case report.

Background: The Compress is designed to achieve bone formation and stability by applying pressure at the bone-implant interface, minimizing the likelihood of aseptic loosening, which is a complication of stem implants. Herein, we report two cases of implant failure using the Compress.

Case Presentation: Case 1 describes a 36 year-old Japanese man who underwent extraarticular tumor resection, Compress arthroplasty, and reconstruction with a gastrocnemius flap after preoperative chemotherapy for a secondary malignant giant cell tumor in the right distal femur.

Reinventing type 2 immunity in cancer.

Our understanding of type 2 immunity has undergone a substantial transformation in recent years, revealing previously unknown functions. Beyond its canonical role in defence against parasitic helminth infections, type 2 immunity safeguards the host through additional mechanisms, including the suppression of excessive type 1 immune responses, regulation of tissue repair and maintenance of adipose tissue homeostasis. However, unlike type 1 immune responses, type 2 immunity is perceived as a potential promoter of tumorigenesis.

Management, biomarkers and prognosis in people developing endocrinopathies associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including endocrine irAEs, can occur in response to cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Of the endocrine irAEs, pituitary and thyroid irAEs are most frequently observed, followed by primary adrenal insufficiency, type 1 diabetes mellitus and hypoparathyroidism. Notably, pituitary irAEs and type 1 diabetes mellitus can be lethal if overlooked, potentially leading to adrenal crisis and diabetic ketoacidosis, respectively.

Artificial intelligence for body composition assessment focusing on sarcopenia.

This study aimed to address the limitations of conventional methods for measuring skeletal muscle mass for sarcopenia diagnosis by introducing an artificial intelligence (AI) system for direct computed tomography (CT) analysis. The primary focus was on enhancing simplicity, reproducibility, and convenience, and assessing the accuracy and speed of AI compared with conventional methods. A cohort of 3096 cases undergoing CT imaging up to the third lumbar (L3) level between 2011 and 2021 were included.

Selenoprotein-Mediated Redox Regulation Shapes the Cell Fate of HSCs and Mature Lineages.

The maintenance of cellular redox balance is crucial for cell survival and homeostasis and is disrupted with aging. Selenoproteins, comprising essential antioxidant enzymes, raise intriguing questions about their involvement in hematopoietic aging and potential reversibility. Motivated by our observation of mRNA downregulation of key antioxidant selenoproteins in aged human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and previous findings of increased lipid peroxidation in aged hematopoiesis, we employed tRNASec gene (Trsp) knockout (KO) mouse model to simulate disrupted selenoprotein synthesis.

Nerve Capping Using Renerve® Synthetic Collagen Conduits for Hand Amputation Neuroma Pain.

Amputated neuromas, a common consequence of peripheral nerve injury, can cause significant pain and may impair daily life. Herein, we conducted a retrospective study on patients who underwent a nerve-capping technique using the bioabsorbable nerve conduit Renerve®, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months. We conducted a retrospective study to assess patients with amputation neuromas of the finger or palm who underwent surgical treatment using the capping technique with the Renerve® conduit between October 2018 and September 2022.

Signal Peptides and Their Fragments in Post-Translation: Novel Insights of Signal Peptides.

Signal peptides (SPs), peptide sequences located at the N-terminus of newly synthesized proteins, are primarily known for their role in targeting proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It has traditionally been assumed that cleaved SPs are rapidly degraded and digested near the ER. However, recent evidence has demonstrated that cleaved SP fragments can be detected in extracellular fluids such as blood flow, where they exhibit bioactivity.

Anti-Graying Effects of External and Internal Treatments with Luteolin on Hair in Model Mice.

Little is known about the anti-graying effects of antioxidants on hair. The anti-graying effects of three antioxidants (luteolin, hesperetin, and diosmetin) on hair were investigated according to the sequential processes of hair graying that were previously clarified in model mice [Ednrb(+/-);RET-mice]. External treatment with luteolin, but not that with hesperetin or diosmetin, alleviated hair graying in Ednrb(+/-);RET-mice.

Prolonged Severe CD4+ Lymphocytopenia and Hypogammaglobulinemia in Patients With Evans' Syndrome: A Case Report.

Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is one of the causes of secondary autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and Evans' syndrome (ES). Serum immunoglobulins should be tested in patients with AIHA/ES, as common variable immunodeficiency is the most common PID of secondary AIHA/ES. However, it is not fully understood how immunodeficiency is assessed, in addition to serum immunoglobulins.

Development and validation of an algorithm for identifying patients undergoing dialysis from patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Background: Identifying patients on dialysis among those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 15 mL/min/1.73 m remains challenging. To facilitate clinical research in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) using electronic health records, we aimed to develop algorithms to identify dialysis patients using laboratory data obtained in routine practice.

Water/fat separate reconstruction for body quantitative susceptibility mapping in MRI.

This study aimed to investigate the cause of susceptibility underestimation in body quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and propose a water/fat separate reconstruction to address this issue. A numerical simulation was conducted using conventional QSM with/without body masking. The conventional method with body masking underestimated the susceptibility across all regions, whereas the method without body masking estimated an equivalent value to the ground truth.