Spot scanning proton therapy for unresectable bulky retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma: a case report.

The development of effective treatment strategies for unresectable retroperitoneal sarcoma is desirable. Herein, we suggest that definitive proton therapy (PT) could be a promising treatment option, regardless of the large size of the tumor. A 52-year-old man presented with a discomfort of the lower abdomen.

Late genitourinary toxicity in salvage radiotherapy for prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: impact of daily fraction doses.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of daily fraction doses on late genitourinary (GU) toxicity after salvage radiotherapy (SRT) for prostate cancer.

Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective study included 212 patients who underwent SRT between 2008 and 2018. All patients received image-guided intensity-modulated SRT at a median dose of 67.

Impact of radiation doses on clinical relapse of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after prostatectomy.

The relationship between radiation doses and clinical relapse in patients receiving salvage radiotherapy (SRT) for biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) remains unclear. We identified 292 eligible patients treated with SRT between 2005 and 2018 at 15 institutions. Clinical relapse-free survival (cRFS) between the ≥ 66 Gy (n = 226) and < 66 Gy groups (n = 66) were compared using the Log-rank test, followed by univariate and multivariate analyses and a subgroup analysis.

Preventive effect of intermittent cerebrospinal fluid drainage for secondary chronic hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: The efficacy of intermittent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage compared with that of continuous CSF drainage in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains undetermined to date. Therefore, we investigated whether intermittent CSF drainage is effective in reducing secondary chronic hydrocephalus (sCH) after aneurysmal SAH.

Methods: Overall, 204 patients (69 men and 135 women) treated for aneurysmal SAH between 2007 and 2022 were included in this study.

A single-center analysis of 71 patients with thymic carcinoma: the chronological changes in the surgical procedure and prognosis.

Background: Effective treatments for thymic carcinoma (TC) have not been established due to its rarity and the prognosis has not yet been improved. In the present study, data of patients who underwent treatment for TC at our single institution were retrospectively reviewed to investigate the chronological changes in the clinical characteristics, surgical procedure, and prognosis.

Methods: A total of 71 patients were included in this study.

Clinical impact of bile-derived exosomal microRNAs as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for biliary tract cancers.

Sampling of bile juice during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has potential benefit of being amenable to the identification of novel biomarkers in liquid biopsy. This study reports the results of a global investigation of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in bile to identify potential biomarkers for biliary tract cancers (BTCs). Eighty-eight bile samples collected during ERCP (45 BTC and 43 noncancer control samples) were enrolled in this study.

Pulmonary hypertension with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Aichi cohort study.

Background: The incidence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has not been investigated in regional cohorts. The aim of this study was to clarify the incidence of PH associated with BPD in all very low birthweight infants (VLBWIs) born during the study period in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of all VLBWIs born in Aichi Prefecture.

Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations.

Purpose: Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes.

Class III β-Tubulin Expression Is of Value in Selecting nab -Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine as First-Line Therapy in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer.

Objectives: Nab -paclitaxel and gemcitabine (GnP) or FOLFIRINOX (a combination of leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin [FFX]) is currently recognized as the standard first-line regimen for unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Class III β-tubulin (TUBB3) has the potential to predict resistance to taxane in various tumors; therefore, this study aimed to clarify whether TUBB3 is a predictive marker for GnP response.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 113 patients with PDAC who received GnP or FFX as first-line chemotherapy and examined immunohistochemically the TUBB3 expression in specimens obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration.

Various phenotypes of short stature with heterozygous () mutations.

Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) plays an important role in normal fetal and postnatal growth. Over 30 pathogenic variants of have been identified in patients with short stature. Yet, 20 years after the first report, a variety of phenotypes remain poorly defined.

Clinical investigation in non-liver cirrhosis portosystemic shunt encephalopathy-four case series.

We reported here four cases presenting with disturbance of consciousness over long periods of time and hyperammonemia. Two patients were on maintenance hemodialysis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of abdomen and balloon-occluded retrograde contrast venography revealed existence of a non-cirrhotic portosystemic shunt.

Post-Vasectomy Semen Analysis: Optimizing Laboratory Procedures and Test Interpretation through a Clinical Audit and Global Survey of Practices.

Purpose: The success of vasectomy is determined by the outcome of a post-vasectomy semen analysis (PVSA). This article describes a step-by-step procedure to perform PVSA accurately, report data from patients who underwent post vasectomy semen analysis between 2015 and 2021 experience, along with results from an international online survey on clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: We present a detailed step-by-step protocol for performing and interpretating PVSA testing, along with recommendations for proficiency testing, competency assessment for performing PVSA, and clinical and laboratory scenarios.

[Tubulointerstitial nephritis with IgM-positive plasma cells in an elderly woman diagnosed by a renal biopsy and treated with corticosteroid therapy].

An 81-year-old female was referred to our department 1 year ago due to a worsening renal function. Her manifestations met the criteria of Sjögren syndrome, suggesting renal failure likely resulting from tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) due to Sjögren syndrome. However, at her request, she was followed up with no further investigation or treatment.

Symptoms and health-related quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Objective: Existing cross-sectional observational studies indicate that patients with multiple myeloma experience negative physical and psychological symptoms and low health-related quality of life. The study aim was to determine symptom prevalence, health-related quality of life and symptoms associated with health-related quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

Methods: This multicenter longitudinal cohort study was conducted in four hospitals in Japan.

Long-term outcomes of nasogastric tube with Gastrografin for adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Background: We had previously reported that the administration of Gastrografin through a nasogastric tube (NGT-G) followed by long tube (LT) strategy could be a novel standard treatment for adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO); however, the long-term outcomes after initial improvement remain unknown. This study aimed to analyze the long-term outcomes of first-line NGT-G.

Methods: Enrolled patients with ASBO were randomly assigned to receive LT or NGT-G between July 2016 and November 2018.

Evaluation of radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter response for therapeutic spot scanning proton beam: suggestion of linear energy transfer-based correction.

A radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter (RGD) is used for a postal audit of a photon beam because of its various excellent characteristics. However, it has not been used for scanning proton beams because its response characteristics have not been verified. In this study, the response of RGD to scanning protons was investigated to develop a dosimetry protocol using the linear energy transfer (LET)-based correction factor.

Dosimetric effects of quality assurance-related setup errors in passive proton therapy for prostate cancer with and without a hydrogel spacer.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of quality assurance (QA)-related setup errors in passive proton therapy for prostate cancer with and without a hydrogel spacer. We used 20 typical computed tomography (CT) images of prostate cancer: 10 patients with and 10 patients without spacers. The following 12 model errors were assumed: output error ± 2%, range error ± 1 mm, setup error ± 1 mm for three directions, and multileaf collimator (MLC) position error ± 1 mm.

Spot Scanning Proton Therapy for Sinonasal Malignant Tumors.

Purpose: Treatment of sinonasal malignant tumors is challenging, and evidence to establish a standard treatment is limited. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of spot scanning proton therapy (SSPT) for sinonasal malignant tumors.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with sinonasal malignant tumors (T1-4bN0-2M0) who underwent SSPT between May 2014 and September 2019.

Multi-Institutional Retrospective Analysis of the Outcomes of Proton Beam Therapy for Patients With 1 to 3 Pulmonary Oligometastases From Various Primary Cancers.

Purpose: Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of proton beam therapy (PBT) in patients with 1 to 3 pulmonary oligometastases from various primary cancers in Japan.

Methods And Materials: This multi-institutional retrospective survey included 118 patients with 141 metastatic lung tumors from miscellaneous primary cancers, across 6 Japanese institutions, and involved the analyses of local progression-free rate (LPF), distant progression-free rate, progression-free survival rate, cause-specific survival rate, and overall survival rate (OS). Treatment-induced adverse effects of grade ≥2 were evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.

Optimal definition of coagulation syndrome after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection: a post hoc analysis of randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Endoscopic clipping closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) did not reduce the incidence of post-ESD coagulation syndrome (PECS) in our recent randomized controlled trial (RCT); however, the definition of PECS is still controversial. The aim of this study is to establish optimal definition of PECS with additional analysis of RCT based on another definition.

Methods: In this multicenter, single-blind RCT, individuals were randomly assigned to colorectal ESD followed by endoscopic clipping closure or non-closure.