Pott's Puffy Tumor in an Adult: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Pott's puffy tumor is a subperiosteal abscess of the frontal bone with osteomyelitis which has become rare because of the widespread use of antibiotics. Here, we report a case of Pott's puffy tumor in a 46-year-old man who visited the department of dermatology with painful swelling of the forehead. Despite open drainage and oral antibiotic therapy, the symptoms recurred twice in the following month.

Mediastinoscopy-assisted Transhiatal Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: A Single-Institutional Cohort Study.

We compared the therapeutic outcomes of mediastinoscopy-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy (MATHE) with transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE), and with video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy (VATS-E) for the treatment of esophageal cancer. Twenty patients underwent MATHE in our institute from 2001 to 2005 were enrolled. We evaluated the therapeutic outcomes, including perioperative complications and long-term prognosis after surgery, and compared these with 15 patients who underwent TTE during the same time period and 15 who underwent VATS-E at a later date.

A Japanese prospective multi-institutional feasibility study on accelerated partial breast irradiation using interstitial brachytherapy: clinical results with a median follow-up of 26 months.

Background: A Japanese prospective multi-institutional feasibility study on accelerated partial breast irradiation using interstitial brachytherapy was performed. The first clinical results were reported with a median follow-up of 26 months.

Patients And Methods: Forty-six female breast cancer patients with positive hormone receptors and tumors ≤3 cm, pN0M0, completed the protocol treatment.

Standard curves of placental weight and fetal/placental weight ratio in Japanese population: difference according to the delivery mode, fetal sex, or maternal parity.

Objectives: Placental weight (PW) and fetal/placental weight ratio (F/P) have been considered to be useful parameters for understanding the pathophysiology of fetal growth. However, there have been no standard data on PW and F/P in Asian populations. This study was conducted to establish nomograms of PW and F/P in the Japanese population and to clarify characteristics of PW and F/P in this population.

Early antibiotics administration during targeted temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide database study.

Background: Patients resuscitated after cardiac arrest are reportedly at high risk for infection and sepsis, especially those treated with targeted temperature management (TTM). There is, however, limited evidence suggesting that early antibiotic use improves patient outcomes. We examined the hypothesis that early treatment with antibiotics reduces mortality in patients with cardiac arrest receiving TTM.

Association between frequency of fried food consumption and resilience to depression in Japanese company workers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Long-chain n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3/n-6 PUFA) play important roles in emotional regulation. We previously reported an association between fish consumption, which is major source of LC n-3 PUFA, and resilience to depression, where resilience is the ability to cope with stress in the face of adversity. Although the traditional Japanese dietary pattern of high fish consumption is associated with low depressive symptoms, the current Japanese diet pattern has become westernized.

Impact of Blood Pressure Control on Thromboembolism and Major Hemorrhage in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Subanalysis of the J-RHYTHM Registry.

Background: To clarify the influence of hypertension and blood pressure (BP) control on thromboembolism and major hemorrhage in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, a post hoc analysis of the J-RHYTHM Registry was performed.

Methods And Results: A consecutive series of outpatients with atrial fibrillation was enrolled from 158 institutions. Of 7937 patients, 7406 with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (70.

Amiodarone Compared with Lidocaine for Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest with Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation on Hospital Arrival: a Nationwide Database Study.

Purpose: The latest resuscitation guidelines recommend the use of amiodarone in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF) to improve the rates of return of spontaneous circulation. However, there is limited evidence to suggest that amiodarone is superior to lidocaine with respect to survival at discharge. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the hypothesis that amiodarone is superior to lidocaine with regard to the rate of survival to hospital discharge for OHCA patients with VF/pulseless VT (pVT) on hospital arrival.

Amiodarone or nifekalant upon hospital arrival for refractory ventricular fibrillation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Background: We evaluated the association between nifekalant or amiodarone on hospital admission and in-hospital mortality for cardiac arrest patients with persistent ventricular fibrillation on hospital arrival.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database. We identified 2961 patients who suffered cardiogenic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and who had ventricular fibrillation on hospital arrival between July 2007 and March 2013.

Long-term safety and efficacy of bilastine following up to 12 weeks or 52 weeks of treatment in Japanese patients with allergic rhinitis: Results of an open-label trial.

Objective: Bilastine is a novel second-generation antihistamine. This open-label, single-arm, phase III study evaluated the safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with bilastine in Japanese patients with seasonal (SAR) or perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR).

Methods: Patients with SAR or PAR who met the registration criteria and did not violate the exclusion criteria received bilastine (20mg, once daily) for 12 weeks (treatment period).

Efficacy and safety of bilastine in Japanese patients with perennial allergic rhinitis: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase III study.

Background: Bilastine, a novel non-sedating second-generation H antihistamine, has been approved in most European countries since 2010. This study aimed to evaluate the superiority of bilastine over placebo in Japanese patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR).

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase III study (trial registration number JapicCTI-142600) evaluated the effect of a 2-week treatment period with bilastine (20 mg once daily), fexofenadine (60 mg twice daily), or a matched placebo (double dummy) in patients with PAR.

Association between regular physical exercise and depressive symptoms mediated through social support and resilience in Japanese company workers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Regular physical exercise has been reported to reduce depressive symptoms. Several lines of evidence suggest that physical exercise may prevent depression by promoting social support or resilience, which is the ability to adapt to challenging life conditions. The aim of this study was to compare depressive symptoms, social support, and resilience between Japanese company workers who engaged in regular physical exercise and workers who did not exercise regularly.

De-escalation versus continuation of empirical antimicrobial therapy in community-acquired pneumonia.

Objectives: To compare mortality between de-escalation and continued empirical treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Methods: Using a nationwide administrative database, we identified adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, other streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Escherichia coli (n = 10,231) or of unknown etiology (n = 8247), discharged between July 2010 and March 2013. De-escalation was determined by the spectrum and number of antimicrobials at day 4.

Heart rate control by carvedilol in Japanese patients with chronic atrial fibrillation: The AF Carvedilol study.

Background: β-Blockers are used to control heart rate (HR) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the appropriate dosage and efficacy of carvedilol in Japanese AF patients are yet to be clarified.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, Japanese patients with persistent or permanent AF received carvedilol for 6 weeks in the following three dosage-regimen groups: 5-mg fixed-dose (n=42), 10-mg dose-escalation (n=42), or 20-mg dose-escalation (n=43).

Absence of neonatal intensive care units in secondary medical care zones is an independent risk factor of high perinatal mortality in Japan.

Aim: National medical projects are carried out according to medical care plans directed by the Medical Care Act of Japan. In order to improve Japanese perinatal medical care, it is necessary to determine the factors that might influence perinatal outcome.

Methods: Statistical data of births and perinatal deaths were obtained for all municipalities in Japan from 2008 to 2012 from the Portal Site of Official Statistics of Japan (e-Stat).

Impact of Body Mass Index on the Prognosis of Japanese Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Obesity is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF); however, obesity is associated with lower mortality in patients with established AF, a phenomenon known as the obesity paradox. Previous studies reported inconsistent results regarding effects of body weight on risk of cardiogenic embolism in patients with AF. To determine relation between body mass index (BMI) and prognosis among Japanese patients with nonvalvular AF (NVAF), a post hoc analysis was conducted using observational data in the J-RHYTHM Registry.

Right Inguinal Hernia Encompassing the Uterus, Right Ovary and Fallopian Tube in an Elderly Female: Case Report.

The uterus, ovary, and fallopian tube are rarely present in an inguinal hernia. We report on an operation to treat just such a rare condition for a right inguinal hernia. An 87-year-old Japanese woman was admitted with swelling in the right inguinal region and a purulent discharge from the vagina.

Isolated gestational proteinuria preceding the diagnosis of preeclampsia - an observational study.

Introduction: Some pregnant women develop significant proteinuria in the absence of hypertension. However, clinical significance of isolated gestational proteinuria (IGP) is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IGP in singleton pregnancies and the proportion of women with IGP who subsequently developed preeclampsia (IGP-PE) among all PE cases.

Post-marketing surveillance on the long-term use of dabigatran in Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Preliminary report of the J-dabigatran surveillance.

Background/aim: A post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study is being conducted to investigate the safety and effectiveness of the long-term use of dabigatran etexilate (dabigatran) in Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Results of an interim analysis of this prospective cohort study including patient characteristics and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) collected up to September 17, 2014 are reported here.

Methods: Patients with NVAF who began to receive dabigatran for the first time from December 2011 to November 2013 were enrolled at 1042 study sites in Japan.

Net clinical benefit of adding aspirin to warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: Insights from the J-RHYTHM Registry.

Background: Concomitant use of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) and aspirin (ASA) is becoming increasingly prevalent among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. We quantified the net clinical benefit of adding ASA to a VKA using nationwide prospective AF registry data.

Methods: We studied 6074 patients (VKA monotherapy: 83% and VKA+ASA: 17%) between January 2009 and July 2009, and followed them for a mean follow-up period of 2years.

A simple technique to minimize needle displacement in gynecologic interstitial brachytherapy: Use of fully stretched elastic tapes.

Purpose: Previous studies on reproducibility in gynecologic high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDRIB) have reported caudal needle displacements as high as 14-27.9 mm. The needle-template units in these studies were, however, sutured to the perineum, which gradually moved away from the target due to edema.

Dyslipidemia and the Risk of Developing Hypertension in a Working-Age Male Population.

Background: Hypertension is one of the main comorbidities associated with dyslipidemia. This study aimed to examine the extent to which dyslipidemia increases the risk of developing hypertension in a Japanese working-age male population.

Methods And Results: We analyzed data from 14 215 nonhypertensive male workers (age 38±9 years) who underwent annual medical checkups.

Beneficial Effect of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation - Results of the J-RHYTHM Registry 2.

Background: The J-RHYTHM Registry 2 was a multicenter, prospective observational study that extended the follow-up period of the J-RHYTHM Registry in order to investigate long-term outcomes and effects of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods and results: Among 6,616 patients with nonvalvular AF (NVAF) (men 71.0%, 69.