T1 invasive lung adenocarcinoma: Thin-section CT solid score and histological periostin expression predict tumor recurrence.

Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and various biomarkers for predicting its prognosis after surgical resection have been suggested, particularly in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. Periostin (also referred to as POSTN, PN or osteoblast-specific factor) is an extracellular matrix protein, the expression of which is associated with tumor invasiveness in patients with NSCLC. In the present study, the novel approach, in which the thin-section CT findings prior to surgical resection and periostin expression of resected specimens were analyzed in combination, was undertaken to assess whether the findings could be a biomarker for predicting the outcomes following resection of T1 invasive lung adenocarcinoma.

An international genome-wide meta-analysis of primary biliary cholangitis: Novel risk loci and candidate drugs.

Backgrounds & Aims: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic liver disease in which autoimmune destruction of the small intrahepatic bile ducts eventually leads to cirrhosis. Many patients have inadequate response to licensed medications, motivating the search for novel therapies. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses (GWMA) of PBC have identified numerous risk loci for this condition, providing insight into its aetiology.

A new variant of posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo-canalolithiasis.

Objective: The characteristics of typical posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo-canalolithiasis (P-BPPV-Can) are well known. We found 10 patients with a new variant of P-BPPV-Can: Reverse (Rev)-P-BPPV-Can. The characteristics and pathophysiology of Rev-P-BPPV-Can are discussed.

Cinacalcet corrects biased allosteric modulation of CaSR by AHH autoantibody.

Biased agonism is a paradigm that may explain the selective activation of a signaling pathway via a GPCR that activates multiple signals. The autoantibody-induced inactivation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) causes acquired hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (AHH). Here, we describe an instructive case of AHH in which severe hypercalcemia was accompanied by an increased CaSR antibody titer.

Effects of Surgery With Salvage Stereotactic Radiosurgery Versus Surgery With Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy in Patients With One to Four Brain Metastases (JCOG0504): A Phase III, Noninferiority, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose Whereas whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) has been the standard treatment of brain metastases (BMs), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly preferred to avoid cognitive dysfunction; however, it has not been clearly determined whether treatment with SRS is as effective as that with WBRT or WBRT plus SRS. We thus assessed the noninferiority of salvage SRS to WBRT in patients with BMs. Patients and Methods Patients age 20 to 79 years old with performance status scores of 0 to 2-and 3 if caused only by neurologic deficits-and with four or fewer surgically resected BMs with only one lesion > 3 cm in diameter were eligible.

Airway stent insertion simulated with a three-dimensional printed airway model.

A 30-year-old man underwent right single-lung transplantation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The bronchial anastomosis developed ischemic change, resulting in stenosis of the intermediate bronchus. A modified Y-shaped airway stent with the fabricated orifice of the upper lobe was inserted by rigid bronchoscopy.

Video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy reduces the morbidity after surgery for stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: We conducted this study to evaluate the surgical invasiveness and the safety of video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy for stage I lung cancer.

Methods: Video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomies were performed on 43 patients with clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer. We compared the surgical invasiveness parameters with 42 patients who underwent lobectomy by conventional thoracotomy.

Modified intrapleural cisplatin treatment for lung cancer with positive pleural lavage cytology or malignant effusion.

Objectives: We evaluate the efficacy and safety of the modified intrapleural cisplatin treatment for lung cancer patients with positive pleural lavage cytology or malignant effusion.

Methods: The treatment was performed for seven patients with malignant effusion and 18 patents with positive pleural lavage cytology. After pulmonary resection, the pleural cavity was filled with cisplatin with a normal saline solution for 30 min.