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Annual incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease has been gradually increasing in the last 10 years in Japan, however, the optimal therapeutic regimen for the disease has not yet established. We investigated the effect of our new regimen in twenty seven cases of pulmonary MAC infection without HIV infection, diagnosed according to the American Thoracic Society criteria during the period from January 1996 to October 1997 at our hospital. These patients were treated with rifampicin (RFP), ethambutol (EB) and clarithromycin (CAM) for more than 12 months, together with streptomycin (SM) initially (first 2-3 months), except one patient who was treated for 11 months only.

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