Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Regimens, Treated Conditions, and Adverse Effect Profile: an Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society Survey Study.

Introduction: When administering HBO , pressures can range from 1.4 atmospheres absolute (ATA) to 3 ATA. While different treatment profiles have been proposed, there is a paucity of literature comparing the effectiveness and risk profile associated with different pressures treating the same condition.

Treatment of 50 Acute and Chronic Wounds of Multiple Etiologies: A Case Series Looking at Outcomes and Utility of an Extended-Wear Transforming Powder Dressing.

Increasing healthcare costs, limited healthcare resources, an aging population, and lifestyle-related diseases make wound management a growing clinical, social, and economic burden. This case series investigated the use of a novel, biocompatible, polymer-based transforming powder dressing (TPD) that transforms in situ to a shape-retentive wound matrix upon hydration for treating wounds of various etiologies.In this institutional review board-approved single-center retrospective case series, the researchers evaluated various acute and chronic wounds treated with TPD over a period of 2 years.

The intestine-specific homeobox (ISX) modulates β-carotene-dependent regulation of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) in a tissue-specific manner.

Vitamin A is an essential nutrient crucial to ensuring proper mammalian embryonic development. β-Carotene is the most prevalent form of vitamin A in food that, when transferred in its intact form from mother to the developing tissues, can serve as an in situ source of retinoic acid, the active form of vitamin A. We have previously provided evidence that the maternal-fetal transfer of β-carotene across the placenta is mediated by lipoproteins and that β-carotene itself regulates placenta lipoprotein biogenesis by means of its derivatives β-apo-10'-carotenoids and retinoic acid.

Concept Mapping: An Innovative Approach to Clinical Case Analysis in an Undergraduate Medical Education Curriculum in Social Sciences, Humanities, Ethics, and Professionalism.

Although ethics is increasingly integrated in the curriculum of U.S. medical schools, it remains not well integrated with system issues, and social and structural contexts of illness.

Addressing Selection Biases within Electronic Health Record Data for Estimation of Diabetes Prevalence among New York City Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: There is growing interest in using electronic health records (EHRs) for chronic disease surveillance. However, these data are convenience samples of in-care individuals, which are not representative of target populations for public health surveillance, generally defined, for the relevant period, as resident populations within city, state, or other jurisdictions. We focus on using EHR data for estimation of diabetes prevalence among young adults in New York City, as rising diabetes burden in younger ages call for better surveillance capacity.

ERICH4 is not involved in the assembly and secretion of intestinal lipoproteins.

Background And Aims: The small intestine plays a central role in lipid metabolism, most notably the uptake of dietary fats that are packaged into chylomicrons and secreted into the circulation for utilisation by peripheral tissues. While microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is known to play a key role in this pathway, the intracellular assembly, trafficking, and secretion of chylomicrons is incompletely understood.

Methods And Results: Using human transcriptome datasets to find genes co-regulated with MTTP, we identified ERICH4 as a top hit.

Bariatric and general surgical procedures in obese patients with a history of venous thromboembolism and concurrent anticoagulation therapy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the use and outcomes of perioperative anticoagulation (AC) in obese patients with a known history of venous thromboembolism event (VTE).

Method: A retrospective review of a prospective database for patients with a VTE history undergoing bariatric and general surgery at a single center (1/2008-12/2017) was performed. Factors assessed included demographics, surgical details, and outcomes.

Racial disparities in the outcomes of euploid single frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles - analysis of the Clinical Outcome Reporting System of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology 2016-2018 data.

Objective: To evaluate if in pregnancies conceived with the transfer of single genetically tested embryos, maternal race and ethnicity relate to pregnancy outcome.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Data available in the Clinical Outcome Reporting System of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART-CORS) for years 2016-2018.

From Warm to Cold: Feeding Cold Milk in Preterm Infants with Uncoordinated Oral Feeding Patterns.

Objective: Premature infants frequently face feeding challenges due to disrupted coordination of sucking, swallowing, and breathing, increasing their risk of dysphagia. There are few effective treatment options available for these infants. In adults experiencing dysphagia, consuming cold foods or liquids can be an effective strategy.

Genetic Links between Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer-A Narrative Review (Endometriosis-Associated Cancer).

Endometriosis is a frequent, estrogen-dependent, chronic disease, characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterine cavity. Although it is not considered a precursor of cancer, endometriosis is associated with ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarized the evidence that clear-cell and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas (endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma-EAOC) may arise in endometriosis.

The Evolving Surgical Paradigm of Scleral Allograft Bio-Tissue Use in Ophthalmic Surgery: Techniques and Clinical Indications for Ab-Externo and Ab-Interno Scleral Reinforcement.

To review the latest surgical advances and evolving clinical use of scleral bio-tissue for reinforcement in the eye and review the published literature on novel surgical applications of scleral allograft bio-tissue. Conventional surgical procedures for scleral reinforcement using homologous scleral allograft have been traditionally ab-externo interventions comprising of anterior or posterior reinforcement of the sclera for clinical indications such as trauma, scleromalacia, glaucoma drainage device coverage, scleral perforation, buckle repair as well as posterior reinforcement for pathologic myopia and staphyloma. There have been a few novel ab-interno uses of scleral bio-tissue for reinforcement in both retina and glaucoma.

Validity evidence for the clinical communication skills assessment tool (CCSAT) from 9 years of implementation in a high stakes medical student OSCE.

Objectives: Communication and other clinical skills are routinely assessed in medical schools using Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) so routinely that it can be difficult to monitor and maintain validity. We report on the accumulation of validity evidence for the Clinical Communication Skills Assessment Tool (CCSAT) based on its use with 9 cohorts of medical students in a high stakes OSCE.

Methods: We describe the implementation of the CCSAT including information on the underlying model, the tool's items, domains, scales and scoring, and its role in curriculum.

Glycemic Management in Insulin-Naive Patients in the Inpatient Setting.

Objective: The ideal inpatient insulin regimen efficiently attains the target blood glucose range, effectively treats hyperglycemia, and minimizes the risk of hypoglycemia. The objective of this study was to compare glycemic targets achieved by using correctional monotherapy (CM) and basal-bolus therapy (BBT) in insulin-naive patients in the inpatient setting to determine optimal blood glucose management for these patients.

Design: This was a retrospective observational cohort study of 792 patients with diabetes not on home insulin therapy who were admitted to an academic hospital over a 5.

Inequities at the Transition to Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency.

Objective: Although approximately one-fifth of obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) residents matriculate from osteopathic or international medical schools, most literature regarding the transition to residency focuses on allopathic medical school graduates. To create comprehensive interventions for this educational transition, we must understand the needs of all incoming residents. Our objective was to examine OBGYN residents' perceptions of their transition to residency, and to understand how residents' background and medical school environment influence their perceived sense of readiness.

Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications of Ovarian Endometriomas.

Ovarian endometriomas affect many patients with endometriosis and have significant effects on quality of life, fertility, and risk of malignancy. Endometriomas range from small (1-3 cm), densely fibrotic cysts to large (20 cm or greater) cysts with varying degrees of fibrosis. Endometriomas are hypothesized to form from endometriotic invasion or metaplasia of functional cysts or alternatively from ovarian surface endometriosis that bleeds into the ovarian cortex.

Contemporary Assessment of Adhesiolysis and Resection for Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction in the State of New York.

Background: Adhesive small bowel obstruction (aSBO) is a common surgical problem, with some advocating for a more aggressive operative approach to avoid recurrence. Contemporary outcomes in a real-world setting were examined.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was performed using the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative database to identify adults admitted with aSBO, 2016-2020.

Generative Artificial Intelligence to Transform Inpatient Discharge Summaries to Patient-Friendly Language and Format.

Importance: By law, patients have immediate access to discharge notes in their medical records. Technical language and abbreviations make notes difficult to read and understand for a typical patient. Large language models (LLMs [eg, GPT-4]) have the potential to transform these notes into patient-friendly language and format.

Enhanced recovery after surgery: Preoperative carbohydrate loading and insulin management in type 2 diabetes.

We assessed our institutional practice of individualized insulin dosing for patients with type 2 diabetes receiving preoperative carbohydrate loading (CHO-L) within an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) protocol. Patients enrolled in an ERAS® protocol with concomitant type 2 diabetes received rapid acting insulin (Novolog®[insulin aspart]) prior to 50 g CHO-L on the day of surgery. Following CHO-L and the administration of insulin, no hypoglycemic episodes occurred with preoperative POC glucose values between 6.

Pla2g12b drives expansion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

Vertebrates transport hydrophobic triglycerides through the circulatory system by packaging them within amphipathic particles called Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins. Yet, it remains largely unknown how triglycerides are loaded onto these particles. Mutations in Phospholipase A2 group 12B (PLA2G12B) are known to disrupt lipoprotein homeostasis, but its mechanistic role in this process remains unclear.

Medical financial hardship between young adult cancer survivors and matched individuals without cancer in the United States.

Background: Young adult cancer survivors face medical financial hardships that may lead to delaying or forgoing medical care. This study describes the medical financial difficulties young adult cancer survivors in the United States experience in the post-Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act period.

Method: We identified 1009 cancer survivors aged 18 to 39 years from the National Health Interview Survey (2015-2022) and matched 963 (95%) cancer survivors to 2733 control individuals using nearest-neighbor matching.

Trends in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Applications in the Year After Abortion Access Changes.

Importance: State-specific abortion restrictions currently affect the training of approximately 44% of obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) residents in the US. Examination of where future trainees apply for residency is important.

Objective: To assess changes in the percentage of applicants to OBGYN residency programs by state based on abortion restrictions in place after the Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization (hereafter, Dobbs v Jackson) US Supreme Court decision and examine whether applicants' preference for programs, as suggested by the distribution of application signals that express higher interest, was associated with abortion bans.