Sensitive dependence of pairing symmetry on Ni-e crystal field splitting in the nickelate superconductor LaNiO.

The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in LaNiO under pressure has drawn great attention. However, consensus has not been reached on its pairing symmetry in theory. By combining density-functional-theory (DFT), maximally-localized-Wannier-function, and linearized gap equation with random-phase-approximation, we find that the pairing symmetry of LaNiO is d, if its DFT band structure is accurately reproduced by a downfolded bilayer two-orbital model.

Electronic structure of superconducting infinite-layer lanthanum nickelates.

Revealing the momentum-resolved electronic structure of infinite-layer nickelates is essential for understanding this class of unconventional superconductors but has been hindered by the formidable challenges in improving the sample quality. In this work, we report the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of superconducting LaSrNiO films prepared by molecular beam epitaxy and in situ atomic-hydrogen reduction. The measured Fermi topology closely matches theoretical calculations, showing a large Ni [Formula: see text]-derived Fermi sheet that evolves from hole-like to electron-like along and a three-dimensional (3D) electron pocket centered at the Brillouin zone corner.

Rényi relative entropy based monogamy of entanglement in tripartite systems.

A comprehensive investigation of the entanglement characteristics is carried out on tripartite spin-1/2 systems, examining prototypical tripartite states, the thermal Heisenberg model, and the transverse field Ising model. The entanglement is computed using the Rényi relative entropy. In the traditional Rényi relative entropy, the generalization parameter α can take values only in the range [Formula: see text] due to the requirements of joint convexity of the measure.

Pressure-Induced Re-Entrant Superconductivity in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide TiSe.

Transition metal dichalcogenide TiSe exhibits a superconducting dome within a low pressure range of 2-4 GPa, which peaks with the maximal transition temperature T of ≈1.8 K. Here it is reported that applying high pressure induces a new superconducting state in TiSe, which starts at ≈16 GPa with a substantially higher T that reaches 5.

A machine learning-assisted fluorescent sensor array utilizing silver nanoclusters for coffee discrimination.

Coffee is a globally consumed commodity of substantial commercial significance. In this study, we constructed a fluorescent sensor array based on two types of polymer templated silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) for the detection of organic acids and coffees. The nanoclusters exhibited different interactions with organic acids and generated unique fluorescence response patterns.

Nonlinear Landau Fan Diagram for Graphene Electrons Exposed to a Moiré Potential.

Due to Landau quantization, the conductance of two-dimensional electrons exposed to a perpendicular magnetic field exhibits oscillations that generate a fan of linear trajectories when plotted in the parameter space spanned by density and field. This fan looks identical, irrespective of the dispersion and field dependence of the Landau level energy. This is no surprise because the position of conductance minima depends solely on the level degeneracy that is linear in flux.

Optical circuit compactification for ultracold atoms.

We develop a modular and compactified optical circuit for the generation of optical beams for cooling, imaging, and controlling ultracold atoms. One of the simplifications that is made in our circuit is to admix the repumping beams to each other optical beams in its dedicated single-mode fiber. We implement our design, characterize the output, and show that the optical power efficiency of the circuit is in the region of 97%, and after fiber coupling, the efficiencies are in the range of 62-85%.

Measurement-Based Deterministic Imaginary Time Evolution.

We introduce a method to perform imaginary time evolution in a controllable quantum system using measurements and conditional unitary operations. By performing a sequence of weak measurements based on the desired Hamiltonian constructed by a Suzuki-Trotter decomposition, an evolution approximating imaginary time evolution can be realized. The randomness due to measurement is corrected using conditional unitary operations, making the evolution deterministic.

Genetically encoded fluorescence lifetime biosensors: overview, advances, and opportunities.

Genetically encoded biosensors based on fluorescent proteins (FPs) are powerful tools for tracking analytes and cellular events with high spatial and temporal resolution in living cells and organisms. Compared with intensiometric readout and ratiometric readout, fluorescence lifetime readout provides absolute measurements, independent of the biosensor expression level and instruments. Thus, genetically encoded fluorescence lifetime biosensors play a vital role in facilitating accurate quantitative assessments within intricate biological systems.

An electronic origin of charge order in infinite-layer nickelates.

A charge order (CO) with a wavevector [Formula: see text] is observed in infinite-layer nickelates. Here we use first-principles calculations to demonstrate a charge-transfer-driven CO mechanism in infinite-layer nickelates, which leads to a characteristic Ni-Ni-Ni stripe state. For every three Ni atoms, due to the presence of near-Fermi-level conduction bands, Hubbard interaction on Ni-d orbitals transfers electrons on one Ni atom to conduction bands and leaves electrons on the other two Ni atoms to become more localized.

Machine learning-assisted photoluminescent sensor array based on gold nanoclusters for the discrimination of antibiotics with test paper.

Antibiotic residues accumulation in the environment endangers ecosystems and human health. There is an urgent need for a facile and efficient strategy to detect antibiotics. Here, we report a photoluminescent sensor array based on protein-stabilized gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) for the detection of two families of antibiotics, tetracyclines and quinolones.

Matter-wave solitons in an array of spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates.

We investigate matter-wave solitons in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with spin-orbit (SO) coupling, loaded in a one-dimensional (1D) deep optical lattice and a three-dimensional anisotropic magnetic trap, which creates an array of elongated sub-BECs with transverse tunneling. We show that the system supports 1D continuous and discrete solitons localized in the longitudinal (along the array) and the transverse (across the array) directions, respectively. In addition, such solitons are always unpolarized in the zero-momentum state but polarized in finite-momentum states.

Spin State Disproportionation in Insulating Ferromagnetic LaCoO Epitaxial Thin Films.

The origin of insulating ferromagnetism in epitaxial LaCoO films under tensile strain remains elusive despite extensive research efforts are devoted. Surprisingly, the spin state of its Co ions, the main parameter of its ferromagnetism, is still to be determined. Here, the spin state in epitaxial LaCoO thin films is systematically investigated to clarify the mechanism of strain-induced ferromagnetism using element-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy and dichroism.

Tree-based machine learning models assisted fluorescent sensor array for detection of metal ions based on silver nanocluster probe.

The growing concern over heavy metal pollution and its impact on the environment and human health has led to a proliferation of research on the detection and differentiation of heavy metal ions. A novel fluorescent sensor array utilizing only one single Ag-nanoclusters (Ag NCs) was developed for the efficient detection of six metal ions. The Ag NCs probe was prepared by using poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEM) as the ligand and has different fluorescence properties in water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Proof of Single-Replica Equivalence in Short-Range Spin Glasses.

We consider short-range Ising spin glasses in equilibrium at infinite system size, and prove that, for fixed bond realization and a given Gibbs state drawn from a suitable metastate, each translation and locally invariant function (for example, self-overlaps) of a single pure state in the decomposition of the Gibbs state takes the same value for all the pure states in that Gibbs state. We describe several significant applications to spin glasses.

A novel fluorescent sensor array to identify Baijiu based on the single gold nanocluster probe.

Baijiu occupies a vital position in Chinese food and China's market. Strict evaluation of Baijiu is highly demanded. In this study, we constructed a novel fluorescent sensor array based on the single glutathione-protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) probe for the detection of organic acids and Baijiu.

Optically Controlled Femtosecond Polariton Switch at Room Temperature.

Exciton polaritons have shown great potential for applications such as low-threshold lasing, quantum simulation, and dissipation-free circuits. In this paper, we realize a room temperature ultrafast polaritonic switch where the Bose-Einstein condensate population can be depleted at the hundred femtosecond timescale with high extinction ratios. This is achieved by applying an ultrashort optical control pulse, inducing parametric scattering within the photon part of the polariton condensate via a four-wave mixing process.

Enhanced clamshell swimming with asymmetric beating at low Reynolds number.

A single flexible filament can be actuated to escape from the scallop theorem and generate net propulsion at low Reynolds number. In this work, we study the dynamics of a simple boundary-driven multi-filament swimmer, a two-arm clamshell actuated at the hinged point, using a nonlocal slender body approximation with hydrodynamic interactions. We first consider an elastic clamshell consisted of flexible filaments with intrinsic curvature, and then build segmental models consisted of rigid segments connected by different mechanical joints with different forms of response torques.

Engineering Magnetic Anisotropy and Emergent Multidirectional Soft Ferromagnetism in Ultrathin Freestanding LaMnO Films.

The combination of small coercive fields and weak magnetic anisotropy makes soft ferromagnetic films extremely useful for nanoscale devices that need to easily switch spin directions. However, soft ferromagnets are relatively rare, particularly in ultrathin films with thicknesses of a few nanometers or less. We have synthesized large-area, high-quality, ultrathin freestanding LaMnO films on Si and found unexpected soft ferromagnetism along both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions when the film thickness was reduced to 4 nm.

Fully Optical Modulation of the Two-Dimensional Electron Gas at the γ-AlO/SrTiO Interface.

Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed at the heterointerface between two oxide insulators hosts plenty of emergent phenomena and provides new opportunities for electronics and photoelectronics. However, despite being long sought after, on-demand properties controlled through a fully optical illumination remain far from being explored. Herein, a giant tunability of the 2DEG at the interface of γ-AlO/SrTiO through a fully optical gating is discovered.

A large-scale single-mode array laser based on a topological edge mode.

Topological lasers have been intensively investigated as a strong candidate for robust single-mode lasers. A typical topological laser employs a single-mode topological edge state, which appears deterministically in a designed topological bandgap and exhibits robustness to disorder. These properties seem to be highly attractive in pursuit of high-power lasers capable of single mode operation.

Morphological Attractors in Natural Convective Dissolution.

Recent experiments demonstrate how a soluble body placed in a fluid spontaneously forms a dissolution pinnacle-a slender, upward pointing shape that resembles naturally occurring karst pinnacles found in stone forests. This unique shape results from the interplay between interface motion and the natural convective flows driven by the descent of relatively heavy solute. Previous investigations suggest these structures to be associated with shock formation in the underlying evolution equations, with the regularizing Gibbs-Thomson effect required for finite tip curvature.

Copper nanoclusters-based fluorescent sensor array to identify metal ions and dissolved organic matter.

In recent years, the prevention and control of water pollution has received extensive attention. There is a need to develop simple and effective strategies for the rapid detection of metal ions and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in order to improve water quality. To this end, the first copper nanoclusters (CuNCs)-based fluorescent sensor array was done to identify 12 metal ions (Pb, Fe, Cu, Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Ag, Fe, Hg, and Al) and DOM (humic substances, lipids, fatty acids, amino acids, and lignans).

Robust Quantum Oscillation of Dirac Fermions in a Single-Defect Resonant Transistor.

The massless nature of Dirac Fermions produces large energy gaps between Landau levels (LLs), which is promising for topological devices. While the energy gap between the zeroth and first LLs reaches 36 meV in a magnetic field of 1 T in graphene, exploiting the quantum Hall effect at room temperature requires large magnetic fields (∼30 T) to overcome the energy level broadening induced by charge inhomogeneities in the device. Here, we report a way to use the robust quantum oscillations of Dirac Fermions in a single-defect resonant transistor, which is based on local tunneling through a thin (∼1.