Associations of the Korean patient placement criteria matching among individuals with alcohol-related problems with treatment completion and abstinence: an observational study.

Background: The American Society of Addiction Medicine Patient Placement Criteria (ASAM PPC) are guidelines for matching addiction patients to an optimal level of care (LOC). South Korea lacked a systematic approach to assigning alcohol use disorder patients to suitable treatment. To address this, Park et al.

Increased copeptin may reflect vasopressin-related metabolic changes after bariatric surgery.

Objective: Mechanisms underlying metabolic improvement following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) may provide insight into novel therapies. Vasopressin improves body composition and protects against hypoglycemia. Associations of copeptin, a stable cleavage product of vasopressin, with BMI and insulin resistance suggest an adaptive increase in vasopressin to counteract metabolic disruption.

Causes of Death Following Coronary Revascularization in Patients with Diabetes.

Background: In patients with diabetes and multivessel coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been associated with higher long-term cardiovascular mortality compared to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but the specific causes of death are not well known. We aimed to determine the causes of death among patients with diabetes and multivessel disease undergoing coronary revascularization with PCI versus CABG.

Methods: We analyzed the centrally adjudicated causes of death of 1,900 participants in the FREEDOM trial.

Sex and Gender Considerations in Orthopaedic Research: Existing Barriers, What's Needed by Institutions and Research Departments, and How to Guide Junior Investigators and Faculty.

JBJS convened a symposium to discuss the reporting of sex and gender in research studies as an imperative to improve research methods and results to benefit all patients. Barriers to improved reporting include a lack of societal and cultural acceptance of its need; a lack of education regarding appropriate terminology and appropriate statistical methods and efficient study designs; a need for increased research funding to support larger group sizes; unknown concordance of cell and animal models with humans to reflect biologic variables such as sex; and a lack of understanding of key considerations of gender, race, and other social determinants of health and how these factors intersect. Attention to developing and disseminating best-practice statistical methods and to educating investigators (at all career levels), reviewers, funders, editors, and staff in their proper implementation will aid reporting.

Treatments and Treatment Predictors in Patients With Substance Use Disorders and Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: First Results From the International Naturalistic Cohort Study of ADHD and SUD (INCAS).

Treatment of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in patients with a substance use disorder (SUD) and comorbid ADHD (SUD +ADHD) may have positive effects on the outcome of both conditions, but controversy exists regarding the preferred ADHD treatment in these patients. Little is known about the treatments that are provided for these patients in routine addiction care practice and the factors that are associated with treatment provision. To describe the treatments provided in everyday clinical practice and to explore factors associated with ADHD treatment provision in patients with SUD +ADHD.

Caring for Patients Seeking Asylum: Early Data From the Safety Net System in New York City.

Context: Over 200 000 people seeking asylum have arrived in New York City from 2022 to 2024.

Program: As the safety net hospital system for our city, New York City (NYC) Health + Hospitals (H + H) has taken the lead in caring for newly arrived asylum seekers. We used electronic medical record data to gain early insights into utilization and needs among these patients.

WebSEQ: A New Tool for Democratizing Omics Data Sharing.

The relative ease of generation and proliferation of omics datasets has moved considerably faster than the effective dissemination of these data to the scientific community. Despite advancements in making raw data publicly available, many researchers struggle with data analysis and integration. We propose sharing analyzed data through user-friendly platforms to enhance accessibility.

Unbiased Drug Target Prediction Reveals Sensitivity to Ferroptosis Inducers, HDAC and RTK Inhibitors in Melanoma Subtypes.

Background: The utilization of PD1 and CTLA4 inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of malignant melanoma (MM). However, resistance to targeted and immune-checkpoint-based therapies still poses a significant problem.

Objective: Here, we mine large-scale MM proteogenomic data to identify druggable targets and forecast treatment efficacy and resistance.

Functional genomics of primary congenital glaucoma by pathway analysis and functional characterization of CYP1B1 mutations.

CYP1B1 is the most common gene implicated in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) - the most common form of childhood glaucoma. How CYP1B1 mutations cause PCG is not known. Understanding the mechanism of PCG caused by CYP1B1 mutations is crucial for disease management, therapeutics development, and potential prevention.

Maternal Literacy Skills and Children's Kindergarten Outcomes in Rural Communities with Low Incomes: The Moderating Role of Hours in Child Care.

Based on theoretical premises of ecological systems theory and the compensatory hypothesis, a subset of data from the Family Life Project ( = 773), a population-based study of rural families with low incomes, were used to test for associations between maternal literacy in infancy and children's academic outcomes and teacher-reported problem behaviors in kindergarten. A second aim tested whether increased time in child care averaged from 6-36 months moderated such relations. Results indicated that maternal literacy was significantly positively related to academic outcomes ( = .

Impact of Gender Affirming Vaginoplasty on Lower Urinary Tract Function: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: With increased access to gender affirming care, the rate of vaginoplasties in the US has risen rapidly. Although some retrospective studies report high rates of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after gender affirming vaginoplasty, the type and severity of symptoms has not been well-described. The purpose of this study was to prospectively characterize postoperative changes in lower urinary tract function after robotic peritoneal flap vaginoplasty as measured by the American Urological Association Symptom Index questionnaire (AUASI), Urogenital Distress Inventory 6 (UDI6), and additional measures.

Disparities in mortality outcomes among older adults with communication disabilities using the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Objective: To examine if a nationally representative population of older adults with communication disabilities (CDs) have a higher risk of mortality when compared to older adults without these disabilities, independent of sociodemographic, health, and other disability characteristics.

Design: Retrospective, cohort study. We conducted a survival analysis using multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression, adjusting for sociodemographic, health, and other disability characteristics.

VGLL-fusions define a new class of intraparenchymal CNS schwannoma.

Background: Intracerebral schwannomas are rare tumors resembling their peripheral nerve sheath counterparts but localized in the CNS. They are not classified as a separate tumor type in the 2021 WHO classification. This study aimed to compile and characterize these rare neoplasms morphologically and molecularly.

Correlation-weighted Na magnetic resonance fingerprinting in the brain.

We developed a new sodium magnetic resonance fingerprinting (Na MRF) method for the simultaneous mapping of and sodium density with built-in (radiofrequency transmission inhomogeneities) and corrections (frequency offsets). We based our Na MRF implementation on a 3D FLORET sequence with 23 radiofrequency pulses. To capture the complex spin dynamics of the Na nucleus, the fingerprint dictionary was simulated using the irreducible spherical tensor operators formalism.

Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine dependence: a case report involving daily methamphetamine use.

Methamphetamine (MA) dependence leads to severe physical and psychological issues. Current treatments, including psychosocial therapies and residential rehabilitation, face limitations such as high relapse rates, cost, and accessibility issues. As a result, there is an urgent need for novel approaches to treat MA dependence that are effective, affordable, and accessible to patients.

Phosphopeptide Neoantigens as Emerging Targets in Cancer Immunotherapy.

Protein post-translational modifications play a vital role in various cellular events essential for maintaining cellular physiology and homeostasis. In cancer cells, aberrant post-translational modifications such as glycosylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation on proteins can result in the generation of antigenic peptide variants presented in complex with MHC molecules. These modified peptides add to the class of tumorspecific antigens and offer promising avenues for targeted anti- cancer therapies.

Ethical Considerations Regarding Psychedelics for Clinical Pain Research.

Psychedelics, substances with a long history of cultural and medicinal use, are experiencing a resurgence in clinical research, particularly in psychiatry. Despite their classification as Schedule I drugs, recent studies suggest therapeutic potential, particularly in treating refractory depression. With chronic pain representing a major health concern and with few non-opioid treatment options available, psychedelics are being explored as alternative treatment modalities.

Racial and ethnic disparities in the burden of non-obese type 2 diabetes using different anthropometric measurements.

Aims: Compare racial/ethnic disparities in the prevalence of non-obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the proportion of non-obese individuals among T2D patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used ICD-9/10 codes to ascertain T2D. Participants were classified as non-obese by BMI (<25 kg/m for normal weight; <23 kg/m for Asian Americans), waist circumference (<102 cm for males, <88 cm for females), and waist-to-hip ratio (<0.

Connectome-based symptom mapping and related gene expression in children with autism and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Clinical, neuroimaging and genomics evidence have increasingly underscored a degree of overlap between autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study explores the specific contribution of their core symptoms to shared biology in a sample of N=166 verbal children (6-12 years) with rigorously-established primary diagnoses of either autism or ADHD (without autism). We investigated the associations between inter-individual differences in clinician-based dimensional measures of autism and ADHD symptoms and whole-brain low motion intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC).

Change in Grip and Pinch Strength Over the Course of a Game in Professional Baseball Pitchers.

Background: Baseball pitching injuries can be related to fatigue. Changes in grip and pinch strength over the course of professional baseball games are unknown.

Hypothesis: Grip and pinch strength will decrease as the number of innings pitched increases; injured pitchers will have a lower grip strength than uninjured pitchers.