A Study to Assess the Awareness of Adults about Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions and the Associated Risk Factors.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine which factors contribute to the development of oral precancerous lesions and subsequent mouth cancer.

Materials And Methods: Throughout the trial, 450 patients agreed to participate in the investigation. The subjects comprised patients with squamous cell carcinoma ( = 79), oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) ( = 200), leukoplakia ( = 41), lichen planus ( = 10), and controls ( = 120).

An Online Survey to Examine the Dental Students Awareness, Knowledge, Prevention and Early Detection of Oral Cancer.

Background: Although oral cancer is known to be particularly aggressive and to have a poor prognosis, early detection is often connected with a better outlook. Consequently, the purpose of this research was to evaluate dental students' and interns' understanding of oral cancer prevention strategies and practices, as well as their motivations for engaging in such efforts.

Material And Methods: The dental interns and undergraduates in their last years of the dental school participated in a cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injection versus hydrocortisone with local anesthetic injections for temporo mandibular disorders.

Disorders of temporomandibular joint (TMDs) are characterised by a variety of symptoms, including discomfort in the orofacial region, muscle tenderness, restricted jaw motion and noise at the joint. Additional neurological symptoms such as headaches, vertigo, heaviness, and altered vision may also coexist with TMDs. Because prostaglandin production is a critical mediator of inflammatory reaction and is inhibited by corticosteroids, they have anti-inflammatory effects.

The Ca channel ORAI1 is a regulator of oral cancer growth and nociceptive pain.

Oral cancer causes pain associated with cancer progression. We report here that the function of the Ca channel ORAI1 is an important regulator of oral cancer pain. was highly expressed in tumor samples from patients with oral cancer, and ORAI1 activation caused sustained Ca influx in human oral cancer cells.

Reinventing serial extraction with a fresh perspective: does it inspire a change in current practice?

Objective: To analyze the skeletal and dental effects of serial extraction with and without expansion on severe crowding.

Data Source And Study Design: A retrospective controlled study using lateral cephalograms of 78 children of age 8.5 + /- 1.

Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) of the Craniofacial Skeleton, Part I: Evolution and Optimization of 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Repair of Defects.

Bone tissue regeneration is a complex process that proceeds along the well-established wound healing pathway of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Recently, tissue engineering efforts have focused on the application of biological and technological principles for the development of soft and hard tissue substitutes. Aim is directed towards boosting pathways of the healing process to restore form and function of tissue deficits.

Making clinical sense of 3-dimensional metrology software programs.

Three-dimensional (3D) metrology software programs were designed to allow the user to capture and process the data from 3D scanners and other devices to measure, understand, and communicate inspection results to ensure manufacturing quality. Its use in dentistry has increased with concerns over how to make clinically significant decisions based on the data provided. The data produced by a commonly used software program was reviewed, and a rationale for interpreting that data was presented.

3D Printing Type 1 Bovine Collagen Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications-Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation.

Collagen, an abundant extracellular matrix protein, has shown hemostatic, chemotactic, and cell adhesive characteristics, making it an attractive choice for the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds. The aim of this study was to synthesize a fibrillar colloidal gel from Type 1 bovine collagen, as well as three dimensionally (3D) print scaffolds with engineered pore architectures. 3D-printed scaffolds were also subjected to post-processing through chemical crosslinking (in N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide) and lyophilization.

Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) of the Craniofacial Skeleton, Part II: Translational Potential of 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Defect Repair.

Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing and 3-dimensional (3D) printing techniques have revolutionized the approach to bone tissue engineering for the repair of craniomaxillofacial skeletal defects. Ample research has been performed to gain a fundamental understanding of the optimal 3D-printed scaffold design and composition to facilitate appropriate bone formation and healing. Benchtop and preclinical, small animal model testing of 3D-printed bioactive ceramic scaffolds augmented with pharmacological/biological agents have yielded promising results given their potential combined osteogenic and osteoinductive capacity.

Apexification Outcomes in the United States: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: This epidemiological analysis used procedure codes from dental insurance claims data to identify apexification cases and evaluate survival at the tooth-level.

Methods: Dental insurance claims data from New York State (2006-2019) and Massachusetts (2013-2018) were used in an observational, retrospective cohort study to evaluate the provision and treatment outcomes of apexification. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and Cox proportional hazards regression.

Incidence, prevalence, and global burden of schizophrenia - data, with critical appraisal, from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019.

Schizophrenia substantially contributes to the burden of mental disorders. Schizophrenia's burden and epidemiological estimates in some countries have been published, but updated estimates of prevalence, incidence, and schizophrenia-related disability at the global level are lacking. Here, we present the data from and critically discuss the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study data, focusing on temporal changes in schizophrenia's prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) globally.

Identification and targeting of a unique Na1.7 domain driving chronic pain.

Small molecules directly targeting the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) Na1.7 have not been clinically successful. We reported that preventing the addition of a small ubiquitin-like modifier onto the Na1.

Comprehensive analysis of intercellular communication in the thermogenic adipose niche.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for regulating body temperature through adaptive thermogenesis. The ability of thermogenic adipocytes to dissipate chemical energy as heat counteracts weight gain and has gained considerable attention as a strategy against obesity. BAT undergoes major remodeling in a cold environment.

Osteogenic differentiation and reconstruction of mandible defects using a novel resorbable membrane: An in vitro and in vivo experimental study.

To evaluate the cellular response of both an intact fish skin membrane and a porcine-derived collagen membrane and investigate the bone healing response of these membranes using a translational, preclinical, guided-bone regeneration (GBR) canine model. Two different naturally sourced membranes were evaluated in this study: (i) an intact fish skin membrane (Kerecis Oral®, Kerecis) and (ii) a porcine derived collagen (Mucograft®, Geistlich) membrane, positive control. For the in vitro experiments, human osteoprogenitor (hOP) cells were used to assess the cellular viability and proliferation at 24, 48, 72, and 168 h.

Three-Dimensional Printing Bioceramic Scaffolds Using Direct-Ink-Writing for Craniomaxillofacial Bone Regeneration.

Defects characterized as large osseous voids in bone, in certain circumstances, are difficult to treat, requiring extensive treatments which lead to an increased financial burden, pain, and prolonged hospital stays. Grafts exist to aid in bone tissue regeneration (BTR), among which ceramic-based grafts have become increasingly popular due to their biocompatibility and resorbability. BTR using bioceramic materials such as β-tricalcium phosphate has seen tremendous progress and has been extensively used in the fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds through the three-dimensional printing (3DP) workflow.

Calcitonin Related Polypeptide Alpha Mediates Oral Cancer Pain.

Oral cancer patients suffer pain at the site of the cancer. Calcitonin gene related polypeptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide expressed by a subset of primary afferent neurons, promotes oral cancer growth. CGRP also mediates trigeminal pain (migraine) and neurogenic inflammation.

ChatGPT From the Perspective of an Academic Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologist.

Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is an open artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbot with various clinical and academic dentistry applications, including oral and maxillofacial radiology (OMFR). The applications can be extended to generating documents such as oral radiology reports if appropriate prompts are given. There are various challenges associated with this task.

Metformin regulates bone marrow stromal cells to accelerate bone healing in diabetic mice.

Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels. Diabetic patients have a higher risk of sustaining osteoporotic fractures than non-diabetic people. The fracture healing is usually impaired in diabetics, and our understanding of the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia on fracture healing is still inadequate.

Biofilm Formation by Mutant Strains of Bacilli under Different Stress Conditions.

is traditionally classified as a PGPR that colonizes plant roots through biofilm formation. The current study focused on investigating the influence of various factors on bacilli biofilm formation. In the course of the study, the levels of biofilm formation by the model strain WT 168 and on its basis created regulatory mutants, as well as strains of bacilli with deleted extracellular proteases under conditions of changes in temperature, pH, salt and oxidative stress and presence of divalent metals ions.

Neuropilin-1 is essential for vascular endothelial growth factor A-mediated increase of sensory neuron activity and development of pain-like behaviors.

Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that binds numerous ligands including vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Binding of this ligand to NRP-1 and the co-receptor, the tyrosine kinase receptor VEGFR2, elicits nociceptor sensitization resulting in pain through the enhancement of the activity of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels. We previously reported that blocking the interaction between VEGFA and NRP-1 with the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 attenuates VEGFA-induced dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuronal excitability and alleviates neuropathic pain, pointing to the VEGFA/NRP-1 signaling as a novel therapeutic target of pain.

Serotonergic Control of Gastrointestinal Development, Motility, and Inflammation.

Although it is most well-known for its roles in central nervous system (CNS) function, the vast majority of serotonin, or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is produced in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 5-HT is synthesized mostly by enterochromaffin (EC) cells of the GI epithelium and, in small part, by neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The GI tract contains an array of broadly distributed 5-HT receptors, which participate in functions such as motility, sensation, inflammation, and neurogenesis.