Hypersensitivity Reactions to Anticonvulsants.

Background: Antiepileptics are the mainstay of treatment for seizure management. Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions associated with antiepileptics are common. It is important to differentiate between these reactions as management and prognosis varies.

Mutant p53 regulates a distinct gene set by a mode of genome occupancy that is shared with wild type.

To directly examine the interplay between mutant p53 or Mdm2 and wild type p53 in gene occupancy and expression, an integrated RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis was performed in vivo using isogenically matched mouse strains. Response to radiation was used as an endpoint to place findings in a biologically relevant context. Unexpectedly, mutant p53 and Mdm2 only inhibit a subset of wild type p53-mediated gene expression.

Urology on a changing planet: links between climate change and urological disease.

Urological diseases and their varied forms of management warrant special attention in the setting of climate change. Regarding urological cancers, climate change will probably increase the incidence and severity of cancer diagnoses through exposures to certain environmental risk factors, while simultaneously disrupting cancer care delivery and downstream outcomes. Regarding benign urological diseases, a burgeoning body of work exists on climate-related heat waves, dehydration, urolithiasis, renal injury and infectious and vector-borne diseases.

Leveraging synthetic data to improve regional sea level predictions.

The rapid increase in sea levels driven by climate change presents serious risks to coastal communities around the globe. Traditional prediction models frequently concentrate on developed regions with extensive tide gauge networks, leaving a significant gap in data and forecasts for developing countries where the tide gauges are sparse. This study presents a novel deep learning approach that combines TimesGAN with ConvLSTM to enhance regional sea level predictions using the more widely available satellite altimetry data.

In-pixel foreground and contrast enhancement circuits with customizable mapping.

This paper presents an in-pixel contrast enhancement circuit that performs image processing directly within the pixel circuit. The circuit leverages HyperFET, a hybrid device combining a MOSFET and a phase transition material (PTM), to enhance performance. It can be tuned for different modes of operation.

Isolation of PCSK9-specific nanobodies from synthetic libraries using a combined protein selection strategy.

Nanobodies (Nbs) hold great potential to replace conventional antibodies in various biomedical applications. However, conventional methods for their discovery can be time-consuming and expensive. We have developed a reliable protein selection strategy that combines magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS)-based screening of yeast surface display (YSD) libraries and functional ligand-binding identification by Tat-based recognition of associating proteins (FLI-TRAP) to isolate antigen-specific Nbs from synthetic libraries.

Biological correlates associated with high-risk breast cancer patients identified using a computational method.

Using a novel unsupervised method to integrate multi-omic data, we previously identified a breast cancer group with a poor prognosis. In the current study, we characterize the biological features of this subgroup, defined as the high-risk group, using various data sources. Assessment of three published hypoxia signatures showed that the high-risk group exhibited higher hypoxia scores (p < 0.

Water-mediated ion transport in an anion exchange membrane.

Water is a critical component in polyelectrolyte anion exchange membranes (AEMs). It plays a central role in ion transport in electrochemical systems. Gaining a better understanding of molecular transport and conductivity in AEMs has been challenged by the lack of a general methodology capable of capturing and connecting water dynamics, water structure, and ionic transport over time and length scales ranging from those associated with individual bond vibrations and molecular reorientations to those pertaining to macroscopic AEM performance.

Sub-cellular population imaging tools reveal stable apical dendrites in hippocampal area CA3.

Apical and basal dendrites of pyramidal neurons receive anatomically and functionally distinct inputs, implying compartment-level functional diversity during behavior. To test this, we imaged in vivo calcium signals from soma, apical dendrites, and basal dendrites in mouse hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons during head-fixed navigation. To capture compartment-specific population dynamics, we developed computational tools to automatically segment dendrites and extract accurate fluorescence traces from densely labeled neurons.

Anisotropic hydrogel microelectrodes for intraspinal neural recordings in vivo.

Creating durable, motion-compliant neural interfaces is crucial for accessing dynamic tissues under in vivo conditions and linking neural activity with behaviors. Utilizing the self-alignment of nano-fillers in a polymeric matrix under repetitive tension, here, we introduce conductive carbon nanotubes with high aspect ratios into semi-crystalline polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels, and create electrically anisotropic percolation pathways through cyclic stretching. The resulting anisotropic hydrogel fibers (diameter of 187 ± 13 µm) exhibit fatigue resistance (up to 20,000 cycles at 20% strain) with a stretchability of 64.

A Randomized Control Trial Comparing the Effects of N-95 Respirator vs Surgical Mask Use on Resting Metabolic and Respiratory Changes.

Objective: This study aimed to compare physiological changes when wearing a N95 and surgical mask at rest.

Methods: 42 subjects aged 18-55 (19 males; age 22.98 ± 3.

A retrospective analysis of medical student authorship in highest impact radiology journal publications.

Objectives: To assess medical student authorship in radiology research, focusing on the prevalence and impact of student articles, demographic trends, and potential barriers and opportunities for involvement.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed original research and review papers from 2018 to 2022 in the top five radiology journals based on their 2022 Impact Factor. Three reviewers manually validated and classified articles by medical student (MS) and non-MS authorship.

Evaluating pathogenicity of variants of unknown significance in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2.

Autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) is driven by rare variants in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2. Although more than 200 pathogenic variants in these genes are known to cause ADAD, other variants are benign, may act as risk factors, or may even reduce Alzheimer's disease risk (e.g.

Problem Adaptation Therapy for Older Adults with Chronic Pain and Negative Emotions in Primary Care (PATH-Pain): A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To test the efficacy of Problem Adaptation Therapy for Pain (PATH-Pain) versus Usual Care (UC) in reducing pain-related disability, pain intensity, and depression among older adults with chronic pain and negative emotions.

Design: RCT assessing the between-group differences during the acute (0-10 weeks) and follow-up (weeks 11-24) phase of treatment.

Setting: A geriatrics primary care site.

Interobserver agreement and practice patterns for grading of colorectal carcinoma: World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours 5th edition versus American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition staging manual.

Aims: The current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging manual and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) colorectal carcinoma (CRC) protocol specify use of a four-tiered grading system (i.e. grades 1-4; well-differentiated-undifferentiated) for CRC, based on percentage of gland formation.

Can spatial self-organization inhibit evolutionary adaptation?

Plants often respond to drier climates by slow evolutionary adaptations from fast-growing to stress-tolerant species. These evolutionary adaptations increase the plants' resilience to droughts but involve productivity losses that bear on agriculture and food security. Plants also respond by spatial self-organization, through fast vegetation patterning involving differential plant mortality and increased water availability to the surviving plants.

Sexual identity, sexual behavior, and drug use behaviors among people who use drugs in the rural U.S.

Introduction: People who use drugs (PWUD) are at risk of HIV infection, but the frequency and distribution of transmission-associated behaviors within rural communities is not well understood. Further, while interventions designed to more explicitly affirm individuals' sexual orientation and behaviors may be more effective, descriptions of behavior variability by orientation are lacking. We sought to describe how disease transmission behaviors and overdose risk vary by sexual orientation and activity among rural PWUD.

Topography of putative bi-directional interaction between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and neocortical slow oscillations.

Systems consolidation relies on coordination between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and neocortical UP/DOWN states during sleep. However, whether this coupling exists across the neocortex and the mechanisms enabling it remains unknown. By combining electrophysiology in mouse hippocampus (HPC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) with wide-field imaging of the dorsal neocortex, we found spatially and temporally precise bi-directional hippocampo-neocortical interaction.

Auriculotherapy may help to reduce gastrointestinal reactions and improve quality of life post chemotherapy.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of auriculotherapy in managing nausea and vomiting caused by platinum-based chemotherapy METHODS: 96 patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing platinum chemotherapy were randomly divided into three groups, with 32 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, including 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist and routine nursing care; the remaining two groups received additional auricular point sticking or ear scraping. The outcomes measured included the incidence and frequency of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting, severity of nausea, appetite, and quality of life function index 24 h and 5 d post chemotherapy.

Retrospective cohort study of trends in the use of outpatient parathyroidectomy by surgical indication.

Background: A shift toward outpatient parathyroidectomy was seen in the early 2000s. Recent trends, especially for secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism, have not been described. This study evaluates temporal trends in same-day, overnight, and inpatient parathyroidectomy by surgical indication.

Sleep health among sexual and gender minority people in the United States: A scoping review.

Sleep has been found to be essential to physical and mental health. Sexual and gender minority (SGM; e.g.