Authors' Reply: Commentary on "Protecting User Privacy and Rights in Academic Data-Sharing Partnerships: Principles From a Pilot Program at Crisis Text Line".

We appreciate Reierson's thoughtful commentary on our 2019 paper, which described our experiences, ethical process, judgment calls, and lessons from a 2016-2017 data-sharing pilot between Crisis Text Line and academic researchers. The commentary raises important questions about the ethical conduct of health research in the digital age, particularly regarding informed consent, potential conflicts of interest, and the protection of vulnerable populations. Our article focused specifically on the noncommercial use of Crisis Text Line data for research purposes, so we restrict our reply to points relevant to such usage.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Advanced Ovarian Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update.

Purpose: To provide updated guidance regarding neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS) among patients with stage III-IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer (epithelial ovarian cancer [EOC]).

Methods: A multidisciplinary Expert Panel convened and updated the systematic review.

Results: Sixty-one studies form the evidence base.

Postoperative Radiotherapy ± Cetuximab for Intermediate-Risk Head and Neck Cancer.

Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT)/cetuximab (C) demonstrated superiority over RT alone for locally advanced squamous head and neck cancer. We tested this in completely resected, intermediate-risk cancer.

Methods: Patients had squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) of the oral cavity, oropharynx, or larynx, with one or more risk factors warranting postoperative RT.

Red Breast Syndrome-Where Has It Gone?: A Systematic Review of Red Breast Syndrome Incidence Overtime.

Background: Red breast syndrome (RBS) has been noted in past literature as a possible complication of implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) with the use of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs). Since its first appearance in 2009, RBS has drawn growing medical attention with reported incidence ranging from 7%-9%. There has been a noted decrease in the emergence of RBS despite its inclusion among the analyzed complications in a number of studies.

Interprogram Differences in Core General, Core Plastic, and Plastic Surgery-Adjacent Training.

Background: Plastic surgery training continues to evolve with integrated residents spending more time in plastic versus general surgery. Herein, we provide an updated description of interprogram differences in core general, core plastic, and plastic surgery-adjacent training curricula.

Methods: We obtained rotation schedules from US plastic surgery residency websites or program coordinators for AY2021-2022.

Pretargeted Trop-2 immunoPET for rapid, selective detection of pancreatic tumors.

Purpose: Recent clinical advances with the approval of antibody-drug conjugates targeting Trop-2 such as sacituzumab-govitecan and datopotomab-deruxtecan have garnered tremendous interest for their therapeutic efficacy in numerous tumor types including breast and lung cancers. ImmunoPET can stratify tumor avidity, clarifying patient eligibility for ADC therapy as well as a diagnostic companion during therapy. Slow antibody circulation requires days to reach optimal imaging timepoints.

De novo design of peptide binders to conformationally diverse targets with contrastive language modeling.

Designing binders to target undruggable proteins presents a formidable challenge in drug discovery. In this work, we provide an algorithmic framework to design short, target-binding linear peptides, requiring only the amino acid sequence of the target protein. To do this, we propose a process to generate naturalistic peptide candidates through Gaussian perturbation of the peptidic latent space of the ESM-2 protein language model and subsequently screen these novel sequences for target-selective interaction activity via a contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP)-based contrastive learning architecture.

Microenvironment actuated CAR T cells improve solid tumor efficacy without toxicity.

A major limiting factor in the success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for the treatment of solid tumors is targeting tumor antigens also found on normal tissues. CAR T cells against GD2 induced rapid, fatal neurotoxicity because of CAR recognition of GD2 normal mouse brain tissue. To improve the selectivity of the CAR T cell, we engineered a synthetic Notch receptor that selectively expresses the CAR upon binding to P-selectin, a cell adhesion protein overexpressed in tumor neovasculature.

Electronic structure of superconducting infinite-layer lanthanum nickelates.

Revealing the momentum-resolved electronic structure of infinite-layer nickelates is essential for understanding this class of unconventional superconductors but has been hindered by the formidable challenges in improving the sample quality. In this work, we report the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of superconducting LaSrNiO films prepared by molecular beam epitaxy and in situ atomic-hydrogen reduction. The measured Fermi topology closely matches theoretical calculations, showing a large Ni [Formula: see text]-derived Fermi sheet that evolves from hole-like to electron-like along and a three-dimensional (3D) electron pocket centered at the Brillouin zone corner.

Cardiac allograft tolerance can be achieved in nonhuman primates by donor bone marrow and kidney cotransplantation.

Long-term, immunosuppression-free allograft survival has been induced in human and nonhuman primate (NHP) kidney recipients after nonmyeloablative conditioning and donor bone marrow transplantation (DBMT), resulting in transient mixed hematopoietic chimerism. However, the same strategy has consistently failed in NHP heart transplant recipients. Here, we investigated whether long-term heart allograft survival could be achieved by cotransplanting kidneys from the same donor.

Optimizing multi label student performance prediction with GNN-TINet: A contextual multidimensional deep learning framework.

As education increasingly relies on data-driven methodologies, accurately predicting student performance is essential for implementing timely and effective interventions. The California Student Performance Dataset offers a distinctive basis for analyzing complex elements that affect educational results, such as student demographics, academic behaviours, and emotional health. This study presents the GNN-Transformer-InceptionNet (GNN-TINet) model to overcome the constraints of prior models that fail to effectively capture intricate interactions in multi-label contexts, where students may display numerous performance categories concurrently.

AI enabled, mobile soil pH classification with colorimetric paper sensors for sustainable agriculture.

For optimizing production yield while limiting negative environmental impact, sustainable agriculture benefits from real-time, on-the-spot chemical analysis of soil at low cost. Colorimetric paper sensors are ideal candidates, however, their automated readout and analysis in the field is needed. Using mobile technology for paper sensor readout could, in principle, enable the application of machine-learning models for transforming colorimetric data into threshold-based classes that represent chemical concentration.

Inorganic nitrogen and organic matter jointly regulate ectomycorrhizal fungi-mediated iron acquisition.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) play a crucial role in facilitating plant nutrient uptake from the soil although inorganic nitrogen (N) can potentially diminish this role. However, the effect of inorganic N availability and organic matter on shaping EMF-mediated plant iron (Fe) uptake remains unclear. To explore this, we performed a microcosm study on Pinus taeda roots inoculated with Suillus cothurnatus treated with +/-Fe-coated sand, +/-organic matter, and a gradient of NHNO concentrations.

The Association of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic With Disparities in Maternal Outcomes.

Background: In the United States, Black and Hispanic patients have substantially worse maternal outcomes than non-Hispanic White patients. The goals of this study were to evaluate the association between the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and maternal outcomes, and whether Black and Hispanic patients were disproportionately affected by the pandemic compared to White patients.

Methods: Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine in the United States the association between maternal outcomes (severe maternal morbidity, mortality, failure-to-rescue, and cesarean delivery) and the weekly hospital proportion of COVID-19 patients, and the interaction between race, ethnicity, payer status, and the hospital COVID-19 burden using US national data from the Vizient Clinical Database between 2017 and 2022.

Insights into the role of phosphorylation on microtubule crosslinking by PRC1.

The mitotic spindle is composed of distinct networks of microtubules, including interpolar bundles that can bridge sister kinetochore fibers and bundles that organize the spindle midzone in anaphase. The crosslinking protein PRC1 can mediate such bundling interactions between antiparallel microtubules. PRC1 is a substrate of mitotic kinases including CDK/cyclin-B, suggesting that it can be phosphorylated in metaphase and dephosphorylated in anaphase.

AI Can Be a Powerful Social Innovation for Public Health if Community Engagement Is at the Core.

There is a critical need for community engagement in the process of adopting artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in public health. Public health practitioners and researchers have historically innovated in areas like vaccination and sanitation but have been slower in adopting emerging technologies such as generative AI. However, with increasingly complex funding, programming, and research requirements, the field now faces a pivotal moment to enhance its agility and responsiveness to evolving health challenges.

Clinical Characteristics of Virologically Confirmed Respiratory Syncytial Virus in English Primary Care: Protocol for an Observational Study of Acute Respiratory Infection.

Background: There are gaps in our understanding of the clinical characteristics and disease burden of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among community-dwelling adults. This is in part due to a lack of routine testing at the point of care. More data would enhance our assessment of the need for an RSV vaccination program for adults in the United Kingdom.

Management of Low-Grade Gliomas.

The term "low-grade glioma" historically refers to adult diffuse gliomas that exhibit a less aggressive course than the more common high-grade gliomas. In the current molecular era, "low-grade" refers to World Health Organization central nervous system grade 2 gliomas almost always with an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation (astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas). The term "lower-grade gliomas" has emerged encompassing grades 2 and 3 IDH-mutant astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, to acknowledge that histological grade is not as important a prognostic factor as molecular features, and distinguishing them from grade 4 glioblastomas, which lack an IDH mutation.

Exposomic Determinants of Atherosclerosis: Recent Evidence.

Purpose Of Review: The exposome refers to the total environmental exposures a person encounters throughout life, and its relationship with human health is increasingly studied. This non-systematic review focuses on recent research investigating the effects of environmental factors-such as air pollution, noise, greenspace, neighborhood walkability, and metallic pollutants-on atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease.

Recent Findings: Studies show that long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter can impair endothelial function and elevate adhesion molecule levels, leading to vascular damage.