The Role of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) on Postoperative Bleeding in Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Recent research highlights TXA's potential in managing postoperative bleeding in bariatric surgery, prompting us to evaluate its effectiveness for treatment and prophylaxis. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central, SciElo, and LILACS were searched for TXA studies in bariatric surgery, excluding those without control groups or with overlapping populations. Outcome analysis focused on postoperative bleeding, length of hospital stay (LOS), TXA side effects, mortality, transfusion needs, and thromboembolic complications.

Rumination Syndrome, Supragastric Belching, and Abdominophrenic Dyssynergia: How to Diagnose and Treat?

Purpose Of Review: Supragastric belching (SGB), rumination syndrome (RS), and abdominophrenic dyssynergia are often misunderstood and underdiagnosed syndromes. Better understanding of these conditions is needed to increase recognition and guide treatment.

Recent Findings: Diagnosis is typically made by history and physical examination though supplementary evaluations can be considered in difficult to diagnose cases.

Impacts of spring freeze events on a perennial tree fruit crop across the central and eastern USA.

This study uses a crop simulation model driven by 40 years (1981-2020) of daily gridded meteorological data from PRISM to assess the impacts of spring freeze events on cherry trees, a representative temperate perennial tree-fruit crop, across six regions of the central and eastern USA: the Northern and Southern Great Plains (NGP, SGP), Upper Midwest (UMW), Ohio Valley (OHV), New York-Pennsylvania (NY-PA), and Virginia-North Carolina (VA-NC). Freeze damage exhibits a clear latitudinal gradient, with damage frequency and severity decreasing from south to north. The most frequent and severe damage occurs in the SGP, followed by VA-NC, while the least is observed in the UMW and NY-PA.

The presence of prostate MRI-visible lesions at follow-up biopsy as a risk factor for histopathological upgrading during active surveillance.

Objective: To prospectively determine the ability of visible lesions on multiparametric MRI (PI-RADS 4-5) and commonly used biomarkers to predict disease upgrading on rebiopsy in men with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) enrolled in active surveillance (AS).

Materials And Methods: For this prospective study, approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), we selected consecutive patients with low-risk, low-grade, and localized prostate cancer (PCa) from our active surveillance (AS) program, who were enrolled between March 2014 and December 2020. Patients who had undergone previous prostate surgery, hormonal treatment, had contraindications for mpMRI, or transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy were excluded from this study.

Development and validation of a nomogram model based on vascular entry sign for predicting lymphovascular invasion in gastric cancer.

Background: To evaluate the predictive value of a nomogram based on the vascular entry sign for lymphovascular invasion in gastric cancer.

Methods: A total of 135 patients with histopathologically confirmed gastric cancer from August 2021 to November 2022 were enrolled. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT scans.

The effect of H occupancy modes in small and large cages of H-tetrahydrofuran hydrates on the hydrates' stability and H storage capacity.

Hydrogen storage as hydrates is one of the most environmentally benign approaches to store hydrogen as it requires only water and traces of promoters. However, the scalability of storing hydrogen hydrate formation is hindered by the limited understanding of the structure, dynamics and energetics of hydrogen and promoters in the hydrate cages. In this study, molecular dynamics simulation configurations with different occupancy modes of H and tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the hydrate cages are investigated under the following scenarios: (i) two H molecules occupying the small cages, (ii) occupancy of H molecules in the THF-free large cages, and (iii) co-occupancy of H and THF in one large cage.

Trifluoroacetic Acid Induced a Cyclophilin D-Dependent Cognitive Impairment in Mice.

Studies have linked inhalation anesthesia and surgery to increased cognitive impairment, particularly in the elderly. Our previous research showed that isoflurane, but not desflurane, affected cognitive function in mice by modulating cyclophilin D (CypD), a key regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and mitochondrial function. Both anesthetics metabolize into trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), which is associated with cognitive deficits.

Leukemogenic Kras mutation reprograms multipotent progenitors to facilitate its spread through the hematopoietic system.

Leukemia-driving mutations are thought to arise in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), yet the natural history of their spread is poorly understood. We genetically induced mutations within endogenous murine HSC and traced them in unmanipulated animals. In contrast to mutations associated with clonal hematopoiesis (such as Tet2 deletion), the leukemogenic KrasG12D mutation dramatically accelerated HSC contribution to all hematopoietic lineages.

Volumetric, Microfluidic Plasmonic RT-PCR.

Decentralized molecular detection of pathogens remains an important goal for public health. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains the gold-standard molecular detection method, thermocycling using Peltier heaters presents challenges in decentralized settings. Recent work has demonstrated plasmonic PCR, where nanomaterials on a surface or nanoparticles in solution heat upon stimulation by light, as a promising method for rapid thermocycling.

A Spatial Epidemiologic Analysis of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment in New York State.

Background: Opioid agonist treatments (OAT; methadone and buprenorphine) for opioid use disorder (OUD) reduce overdose death by more than 50%. Low population-level rates of OAT are missed opportunities to reduce OUD-related mortality.

Objective: We examined county-level OAT utilization patterns to guide state-level and county-level initiatives to improve equitable access and utilization in New York State (NYS).

Abrasion Effect on Heating Performance of Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Composites.

The effects of abrasion on the heating performance of carbon nanotube (CNT)/epoxy composites were investigated in terms of Joule's heat, convective heat, and radiative heat under moderate-to-severe and localized abrasive conditions. While the overall heating behavior was characterized by the heating rate and the curvature of the transient response, a numerical solution of the heat equation was used to quantify convective and radiative heat transfers, incorporating the specific heat of each component, the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the Biot number. CNT reinforcement significantly improved wear resistance at a CNT concentration of 0.

Interleukin 24 Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Glucose Regulation, and Apoptosis by Inactivating Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta in Human Prostate Cancer Cells.

Interleukin 24 (IL-24) is a tumor-suppressing protein currently in clinical trials. We previously demonstrated that IL-24 leads to apoptosis in cancer cells through protein kinase A (PKA) activation in human breast cancer cells. To better understand the mechanism by which IL-24 induces apoptosis, we analyzed the role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β), a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase in cancer cells and a downstream target of PKA.

In-device Battery Failure Analysis.

Lithium-ion batteries are indispensable power sources for a wide range of modern electronic devices. However, battery lifespan remains a critical limitation, directly affecting the sustainability and user experience. Conventional battery failure analysis in controlled lab settings may not capture the complex interactions and environmental factors encountered in real-world, in-device operating conditions.

Hyperglycemic Emergencies in Minority Children and Adolescents With Diabetes.

Mixed presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) has been reported in up to 27% of hyperglycemic emergencies. This 15-year retrospective chart review describes clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes among children presenting with hyperglycemic emergencies at our center. Out of 322 patients, 92% were Afro-Caribbean or Black with a mean age of 13.

The emergence of highly resistant and hypervirulent Escherichia coli ST405 clone in a tertiary hospital over 8 years.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant (CREC) poses crucial challenges in clinical management, requiring continuous monitoring to inform control and treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate the genomic and epidemiological characteristics of CREC isolates obtained from a tertiary hospital in China between 2015 and 2022. Next-generation sequencing was used for genomic profiling, and clinical data from patients were integrated into the analysis.

Transcriptome-wide mapping of N3-methylcytidine modification at single-base resolution.

3-Methylcytidine (m3C), a prevalent modification of transfer RNAs (tRNAs), was recently identified in eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs). However, its precise distribution and formation mechanisms in mRNAs remain elusive. Here, we develop a novel approach, m3C immunoprecipitation and sequencing (m3C-IP-seq), utilizing antibody enrichment to profile the m3C methylome at single-nucleotide resolution.

The Final Rule in a Bind: What We Are Learning From Suboptimal Simultaneous Heart-Kidney Outcomes and Potential Solutions to the Problem.

Background: The 2018 revision of the adult Heart Allocation Policy (aHAP) led to a notable increase in the rate of simultaneous heart-kidney transplants (SHKT) in the United States. However, this policy has faced criticism for its inability to enhance post-transplant survival rates or decrease mortality among SHKT recipients on the waitlist, although high-quality kidneys are used.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, covering 1549 SHKT cases from 2015 to 2021.

Classifying Continuous Glucose Monitoring Documents From Electronic Health Records.

Background: Clinical use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasing storage of CGM-related documents in electronic health records (EHR); however, the standardization of CGM storage is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of CGM Ambulatory Glucose Profile (AGP) classification criteria.

Methods: We randomly chose 2244 (18.

"I Thought I Was Going to Die": Identifying Gaps in the Intimate Partner Violence Service Provision System for Black Women.

Black women experience the highest mortality and morbidity resulting from intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization, yet there remains a dearth of culturally responsive interventions designed to meet their needs within the coordinated community response system. We employed the Theory of Help-Seeking Behavior to explicate the barriers that Black women experience when securing assistance from providers within the IPV service provision system, inclusive of the criminal legal, child protective service, shelter, healthcare, and mental healthcare systems. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with 30 people who self-identified as Black women who were help-seeking within the IPV service provision system at the time of data collection.

Midterm Evaluation of EUS-guided Gastroenterostomy for Gastric Outlet Obstruction: An International Collaborative Study.

Background: EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) is a minimally invasive therapy for the management of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). EUS-GE has demonstrated excellent short-term efficacy without the risks of surgical bypass. However, there is limited data on follow-up outcomes.

Endocrine therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors.

Background: There are increasing concerns of cardiovascular safety related to endocrine therapy use in women with breast cancer (BC). We examined risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality associated with endocrine therapy use in postmenopausal women with early-stage BC.

Methods: Postmenopausal women diagnosed with stage I-III hormone receptor-positive BC from 2005 to 2013 were included (n = 8,495).