Antinuclear antibodies and progression of quantitative interstitial lung changes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)-Lung Study.

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are often found in ILD; whether ANA is associated with radiographic progression of quantitive interstitial lung changes is unknown. We performed longitudinal analyses of adults in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis using linear mixed effects models with random intercept and slope to evaluate whether baseline ANA was associated with change in the amount of lung with high attenuation areas on CT (HAAs, percentage of imaged lung with -600 to -250 HU). In 6,638 subjects with 17,293 CT scans over 18 years, 741 (11 %) were ANA positive.

Assessing riparian functioning condition for improved ecosystem services: A case study of the Back Creek watershed (Virginia, USA).

Riparian functioning condition refers to a rating and description of the current ecological status of a reach of a riparian ecosystem in consideration of its potential hydrology, vegetation, and geomorphology. Reach rating options are Proper Functioning Condition (PFC), Functional-At-Risk (FAR), Non-Functional, and apparent or monitored trends. We assessed the functioning condition of flowing riverbank areas of Back Creek located in Virginia (USA) following a PFC protocol developed by the U.

Molecular classification of endometrial cancers (EC) and association with relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes: Ancillary analysis of GOG-0258.

Purpose: Determine if molecular classification using mismatch repair (MMR) and p53 protein expression predicts recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients treated with chemotherapy and radiation (CRT) versus chemotherapy (CT).

Methods: GOG-0258, a phase III randomized trial (NCT00942357), compared CRT to CT. Immunohistochemistry assessed MMR and p53 status.

Diverse and highly differentiated lava suite in Jezero crater, Mars: Constraints on intracrustal magmatism revealed by Mars 2020 PIXL.

The Jezero crater floor features a suite of related, iron-rich lavas that were examined and sampled by the Mars 2020 rover Perseverance, and whose textures, minerals, and compositions were characterized by the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL). This suite, known as the Máaz formation (fm), includes dark-toned basaltic/trachy-basaltic rocks with intergrown pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, and altered olivine and overlying trachy-andesitic lava with reversely zoned plagioclase phenocrysts in a K-rich groundmass. Feldspar thermal disequilibrium textures indicate that they were carried from their crustal staging area.

Healthcare resource utilization and costs in immunodeficient patients receiving subcutaneous Ig: Real-world evidence from France.

Background: Subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIg) replacement therapy is indicated for patients with hypogammaglobulinemia caused by primary (PID) and secondary immunodeficiencies (SID).

Objective: To compare healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and related direct medical costs of patients in France treated with weekly conventional SCIg (cSCIg) vs monthly hyaluronidase-facilitated SCIg (fSCIg).

Methods: This retrospective study of Ig-naïve patients with PID or SID newly receiving a SCIg between 2016 and 2018, extracted from the French National Healthcare reimbursement database (SNDS), analyzed the SCIg-related HCRU and reimbursed costs generated from in-hospital (hospitalizations and SCIg doses) or at-home (nurse visits [NV] and pump provider visits [PPV], drug doses) SCIg administration.

A Study on the Safety and Efficacy of an Innovative Hydrophilic Dialysis Membrane.

The dialysis membrane based on a hydrophilic polymer (Hydrolink NV) was designed to enhance the movement of adsorbed water at the blood-membrane interface, aiming to achieve antithrombogenic and antifouling effects. This study aimed to assess the performance and albumin loss of the Hydrolink NV dialyzer in hemodialysis (HD) and post-dilution hemodiafiltration (HDF) with different infusion flows (Qis) and compare it with the hydrophilic FX CorAL dialyzer in post-dilution HDF. A prospective study was carried out in 20 patients.

Concussion and the Autonomic, Immune, and Endocrine Systems: An Introduction to the Field and a Treatment Framework for Persisting Symptoms.

A significant proportion of patients who sustain a concussion/mild traumatic brain injury endorse persisting, lingering symptoms. The symptoms associated with concussion are nonspecific, and many other medical conditions present with similar symptoms. Medical conditions that overlap symptomatically with concussion include anxiety, depression, insomnia, chronic pain, chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, and cervical strain injuries.

A Journey into the Complexity of Temporo-Insular Gliomas: Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Temporo-insular gliomas, rare brain tumors originating from glial cells, comprise about 30% of brain tumors and vary in aggressiveness from grade I to IV. Despite advancements in neuroimaging and surgical techniques, their management remains complex due to their location near critical cognitive areas. Techniques like awake craniotomy have improved outcomes, but tumor heterogeneity and proximity to vital structures pose challenges.

Differential Impact of Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Older Adults in England.

Background/objectives: Sexual minority older adults (SMOAs) report greater subjective cognitive decline (SCD) than heterosexual older adults (HOAs). This study aimed to compare the impact of multiple psycho-social risk factors on objective and subjective cognitive decline in HOAs and SMOAs.

Methods: Two samples of self-identified HOAs and SMOAs were selected from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Exoskeleton Robot Training in Two Patients with an Electrical Burn and Septic Arthritis: A Case Report.

Septic arthritis (SA) are rare in patients with burns, but delayed treatment can result in irreversible joint destruction. Early diagnosis and immediate treatment are necessary to prevent joint destruction. Robot training in patients with musculoskeletal diseases and burns, can improve joint range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, and lower extremity function.

Childhood executive control and adolescent substance use: Mediation via parent-child relationship quality.

Objective: The goal of the current study was to test prospective direct and indirect associations between preschool executive control (EC), parental affective quality and harsh discipline, and adolescent substance use (e-cigarettes, cannabis, and alcohol) while accounting for participants' age, sex, family history of substance use, and family socioeconomic status.

Method: Participants were 313 youth (49% boys; 70.9% European American) and their parents who participated in a longitudinal cohort-sequential study on the development of EC in preschool and its associations with subsequent health outcomes.

The combined effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and exercise training on body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of combining omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) supplementation with exercise training, as compared to exercise training alone, on body composition measures including body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, body fat percentage, and lean body mass. Additionally, we determined the effects on cardiometabolic health outcomes including lipid profiles, blood pressure, glycemic markers, and inflammatory markers.

Method: Three primary electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception to April 5th, 2023 to identify original articles comparing n-3 PUFA supplementation plus exercise training versus exercise training alone, that investigated at least one of the following outcomes: fat mass, body fat percentage, lean body mass, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, fasting glucose and insulin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).

Prolonged neurologic symptoms following immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome in patients with large B cell lymphoma treated with chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell therapy.

Background: While immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is a well-defined adverse effect associated with chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell (CAR-T) therapy, some patients develop prolonged neurologic symptoms. Few studies have examined characteristics and outcomes of patients who develop such symptoms.

Objective: To provide an analysis of patients who developed ICANS in a single-center cohort of patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) who received commercial CAR-T and compare characteristics and outcomes between patients with vs.

True cancer stem cells exhibit relative degrees of dormancy and genomic stability.

Background: Cancer stem cells in human tumors have been defined by stem cell markers, embryonal signaling pathways and characteristic biology, ie., namely the ability to repopulate the proliferating population. However, even if these properties can be demonstrated within a tumor cell subpopulation, it does not mean that they are truly hierarchical stem cells because they could have been derived from the proliferating population in a reversible manner.

A glovebox-integrated confocal microscope for quantum sensing in inert atmosphere.

Confocal microscopy is an invaluable tool for studying fluorescent materials and finds a wide application in biology and in quantum sensing. Usually, these experiments are performed under ambient conditions, but many materials are air sensitive (for example, black phosphorus) and degrade quickly under the strong laser irradiance. Here, we present a glovebox-integrated confocal microscope designed for nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center-based nano-scale sensing and NMR spectroscopy in an inert gas atmosphere.

The pulmonary contusion score: Development of a simple scoring system for blunt lung injury.

Background: Pulmonary contusions (PC) are common after blunt chest trauma and can be identified with computed tomography (CT). Complex scoring systems for grading PC exist, however recent scoring systems rely on computer-generated algorithms that are not readily available at all hospitals. We developed a scoring system for grading PC to predict the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation and initial hospital admission location.

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of chromium propionate (KemTRACE™ chromium) for all growing poultry species (KEMIN EUROPA N.V).

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of chromium propionate as zootechnical feed additive for all growing poultry species. The safety and efficacy of chromium propionate has been assessed previously in 2021 by the Panel and it was concluded that the additive is considered safe for chickens for fattening and chickens reared for laying/breeding at the proposed use level 0.2-0.

Deoxygenative photochemical alkylation of secondary amides enables a streamlined synthesis of substituted amines.

Secondary amines are vital functional groups in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and natural products, necessitating efficient synthetic methods. Traditional approaches, including N-monoalkylation and reductive amination, suffer from limitations such as poor chemoselectivity and complexity. Herein, we present a streamlined deoxygenative photochemical alkylation of secondary amides, enabling the efficient synthesis of α-branched secondary amines.

Measuring the impact of hospitalisation for infectious diseases on the quality of life of older patients in four European countries: the AEQUI longitudinal matched cohort study (2020-2023).

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of hospitalisation for infectious diseases on the Health-Related Quality of life (HRQOL), multidimensional frailty, and functioning of older patients, we conducted a longitudinal matched cohort study in four European countries.

Methods: HRQOL, frailty, and functioning were assessed using validated questionnaires at inclusion, at discharge, and up to six months later (M6) in patients aged over 65 years hospitalised for severe acute respiratory or bloodstream infections, and matched controls hospitalised for non-infectious conditions. Comparative analyses employed multilevel mixed-effect linear or logistic models to assess changes from inclusion.

Sexual trauma and compulsive sexual behavior in young men and women: A network analysis involving two samples.

Background And Aims: Sexual trauma is associated with multiple negative health and social conditions, including compulsive sexual behavior. The present study examined network structures involving sexual trauma history, psychological distress (defined as depression and/or anxiety symptoms), substance use, transactional sex, and compulsive sexual behavior. Prior network analysis work in this area is limited.

Evidence-Based Application of Natriuretic Peptides in the Evaluation of Chronic Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in the Ambulatory Outpatient Setting.

Background: Plasma NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) is commonly used to diagnose heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but its diagnostic performance in the ambulatory/outpatient setting is unknown because previous studies lacked objective reference standards.

Methods: Among patients with chronic dyspnea, diagnosis of HFpEF or noncardiac dyspnea was determined conclusively by exercise catheterization in a derivation cohort (n=414), multicenter validation cohort 1 (n=560), validation cohort 2 (n=207), and a nonobese Japanese validation cohort 3 (n=77). Optimal NT-proBNP cut points for HFpEF rule out (optimizing sensitivity) and rule in (optimizing specificity) were derived and tested, stratified by obesity and atrial fibrillation.

FFR-Negative Nonculprit High-Risk Plaques and Clinical Outcomes in High-Risk Populations: An Individual Patient-Data Pooled Analysis From COMBINE (OCT-FFR) and PECTUS-obs.

Background: Despite fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided deferral of revascularization, recurrent events in patients with diabetes or after myocardial infarction remain common. This study aimed to assess the association between FFR-negative but high-risk nonculprit lesions and clinical outcomes.

Methods: This is a patient-level pooled analysis of the prospective natural-history COMBINE (OCT-FFR) study (Optical Coherence Tomography Morphologic and Fractional Flow Reserve Assessment in Diabetes Mellitus Patients) and PECTUS-obs study (Identification of Risk Factors for Acute Coronary Events by OCT After STEMI and NSTEMI Patients With Residual Non- Flow Limiting Lesions).

Understanding recurrent groin pain following periacetabular osteotomy: assessment of psoas tendon mechanics using discrete element analysis.

Recurrent groin pain following periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a challenging problem. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the position and dynamics of the psoas tendon as a potential cause for recurrent groin pain following PAO. A total of 386 PAO procedures, performed between January 2013 and January 2020, were identified from a single surgeon series.