Fast-Acting Insulin Aspart in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in Real-World Clinical Practice: A Noninterventional, Retrospective Chart and Database Study.

Introduction: This study utilized continuous glucose monitoring data to analyze the effects of switching to treatment with fast-acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in clinical practice.

Methods: A noninterventional database review was conducted in Sweden among adults with T1D using multiple daily injection (MDI) regimens who had switched to treatment with faster aspart as part of basal-bolus treatment. Glycemic data were retrospectively collected during the 26 weeks before switching (baseline) and up to 32 weeks after switching (follow-up) to assess changes in time in glycemic range (TIR; 70-180 mg/dL), mean sensor glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, coefficient of variation, time in hyperglycemia (level 1, > 180 to ≤ 250 mg/dL; level 2, > 250 mg/dL), and time in hypoglycemia (level 1, ≥ 54 to < 70 mg/dL; level 2, < 54 mg/dL) (ClinicalTrials.

Life expectancy after bariatric surgery or usual care in patients with or without baseline type 2 diabetes in Swedish Obese Subjects.

Objectives: To determine life expectancy and causes of death after bariatric surgery in relation to baseline type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the prospective, Swedish Obese Subjects study.

Methods: The study included 2010 patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and 2037 matched controls, eligible for surgery. The surgery group underwent gastric bypass (n = 265), banding (n = 376), or vertical banded gastroplasty (n = 1369).

Diabetes status and other factors as correlates of risk for thrombotic and thromboembolic events during SARS-CoV-2 infection: A nationwide retrospective case-control study using .

Objectives: We sought to examine in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection whether risk for thrombotic and thromboembolic events (TTE) is modified by presence of a diabetes diagnosis. Furthermore, we analysed whether differential risk for TTEs exists in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) versus type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Why and When Physicians Google: Resident Physicians' Information-Seeking Strategies During Patient Consultations.

Physicians depend on access to accurate, up-to-date information and knowledge to make decisions and carry out their work. Today, access to online medical information has become easier than ever before. There is a stream of research interested in understanding how online health information intervenes and influences the patient-physician relationship.

Glycemic control and outcome after carotid intervention in patients with T2D: A Swedish nationwide cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the association between glycemic control and outcome in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after carotid intervention due to carotid stenosis.

Methods: Observational nationwide population-based cohort study using inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) and Cox regressions with covariates, that is, 4 stepwise models, investigating the relationship between terciles of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and stroke or death.

Results: 1115 subjects with T2D undergoing carotid intervention were included during Jan 1st 2009 to Dec 31st 2015.

Tonsillectomy reduces the family impact of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome and improves health-related quality of life in affected children.

Background: Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disorder that primarily affects young children, and typically gives rise to fever episodes that recur monthly for several years. This study investigated the impact of PFAPA syndrome on the families of affected children, the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of children with the syndrome, and how these factors were influenced by tonsillectomy.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 24 children with typical PFAPA syndrome that were referred for tonsillectomy, of whom 20 underwent the procedure.

Visualization of the distortion induced by nonlinear noise reduction in computed tomography.

Purpose: We developed a method to visualize the image distortion induced by nonlinear noise reduction algorithms in computed tomography (CT) systems.

Approach: Nonlinear distortion was defined as the induced residual when testing a reconstruction algorithm by the criteria for a linear system. Two types of images were developed: a nonlinear distortion of an object () image and a nonlinear distortion of noise () image to visualize the nonlinear distortion induced by an algorithm.

Designing for digital transformation of residency education - a post-pandemic pedagogical response.

Background: The forced transition to emergency remote teaching (ERT) during the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted health professions education worldwide. In Sweden, the need for alternative solutions for the training of junior doctors became urgent, as many of the mandatory onsite courses required for residents to qualify as specialists were canceled. The purpose of this study was to understand course leaders' perceptions and experiences of using digital technologies, such as video conferencing, to teach medical residents (ST) during the pandemic and beyond.

Prevalence of chronic pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions.

The prevalence of pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions is rarely investigated. The aims of the current study were to (a) describe the prevalence of headaches and abdominal pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions, (b) compare the prevalence of pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions with that in the general population, and (c) investigate the associations between pain experience and different types of psychiatric diagnoses. Families with a child aged 6-15 years who had been referred to a child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) clinic completed the Chronic Pain in Psychiatric Conditions questionnaire.

An "All-Data-on-Hand" Deep Learning Model to Predict Hospitalization for Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: Development and Validation Study.

Background: Although prior research has identified multiple risk factors for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), clinicians continue to lack clinic-ready models to predict dangerous and costly episodes of DKA. We asked whether we could apply deep learning, specifically the use of a long short-term memory (LSTM) model, to accurately predict the 180-day risk of DKA-related hospitalization for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Objective: We aimed to describe the development of an LSTM model to predict the 180-day risk of DKA-related hospitalization for youth with T1D.

Investigating immune profile by CyTOF in individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by T-cell mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Eosinophils are found in pancreatic tissue from individuals with T1D. Eosinophilic suppression of T cells is dependent of the protein galectin-10.

E-learning as Part of Residency Education.

Through a literature review in combination with qualitative analysis of course evaluations, this study examines aspects that contribute to enhancing e-learning for physicians in a residency education program. The literature review and the qualitative analysis outline three main factors (pedagogical, technological, and organizational), highlighting the importance of a holistic approach that includes learning and technology in context when integrating e-learning strategies in adult learning programs. The findings contribute insights and practical guidance for education organizers on how to conduct e-learning during and after the pandemic.

Pharmacological treatment for pubertal progression in boys with delayed or slow progression of puberty: A small-scale randomized study with testosterone enanthate and testosterone undecanoate treatment.

Context: The use of testosterone enanthate (TE), 50-75 mg intramuscularly (i.m.)/month, for the treatment of boys with delayed puberty or slow progression to induce puberty is the standard of care (SoC) in Sweden.

Increased complications rates and inferior patient reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty due to post-traumatic osteoarthritis with previous fracture treatment: a systematic review.

Purpose: This study aims to present the existing literature relating to patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and complications in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) with prior fracture treatment around the knee compared with patients who underwent TKA because of primary osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: A systematic review was undertaken and synthesised in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines by searching existing literature in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. A search string according to the PECO was used.

The experience of being a partner to a childbearing woman whose pregnancy is complicated by pre-eclampsia: A Swedish qualitative study.

Background: Pre-eclampsia affects 3-5% of all pregnant women and is among the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality as well as iatrogenic preterm birth worldwide. Little is known about the experience of partners of women whose pregnancy is complicated by pre-eclampsia.

Aim: To describe partners' experience of having a spouse whose pregnancy was complicated by pre-eclampsia.

Effect of docetaxel added to bicalutamide in Hormone-Naïve non-metastatic prostate cancer with rising PSA, a randomized clinical trial (SPCG-14).

Background: Historically, endocrine therapy was used in a range of scenarios in patients with rising PSA, both as a treatment for locally advanced non-metastatic prostate cancer and PSA recurrence following curative intended therapy. In the present study the objective was to investigate if chemotherapy added to endocrine therapy could improve progression-free survival (PFS).

Materials And Methods: Patients with hormone-naïve, non-metastatic prostate cancer and rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA), enrolled from Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Finland, were randomized to long-term bicalutamide (150 mg daily) or plus docetaxel (75 mg/m, q3w, 8-10 cycles) without prednisone, after stratification for the site, prior local therapy or not, and PSA doubling time.

Standardized perioperative management in acute abdominal surgery: Swedish SMASH controlled study.

Background: Acute high-risk abdominal surgery is common, as are the attendant risks of organ failure, need for intensive care, mortality, or long hospital stay. This study assessed the implementation of standardized management.

Methods: A prospective study of all adults undergoing emergency laparotomy over an interval of 42 months (2018-2021) was undertaken; outcomes were compared with those of a retrospective control group.

Design of a randomized cross-over study evaluating effects of carbohydrate intake on glycemic control in persons with type 1 diabetes.

Introduction: Diet is an important factor in managing glycemic control in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Reducing carbohydrate intake may be important for stabilizing blood glucose levels in certain groups of patients with T1D. There are few studies examining the effects of a low carbohydrate diet in patients with T1D.

Glycaemic control and sepsis risk in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: To study the association between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and sepsis in adults with type 1 diabetes, and to explore the relationship between HbA1c and mortality among individuals who developed sepsis.

Materials And Methods: We included 33 549 adult individuals with type 1 diabetes recorded in the Swedish National Diabetes Register between January 2005 and December 2015. We used multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline analyses to study the relationship between HbA1c values and sepsis occurrence and association between HbA1c and mortality among those with sepsis.

Estimated glucose disposal rate is associated with retinopathy and kidney disease in young people with type 1 diabetes: a nationwide observational study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a proxy for insulin resistance, and retinopathy or kidney disease, i.e. micro-, or macroalbuminuria, in young individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Reduction in the Risk of Peripheral Neuropathy and Lower Decrease in Kidney Function with Metformin, Linagliptin or Their Fixed-Dose Combination Compared to Placebo in Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare the effect of glucose-lowering drugs on peripheral nerve and kidney function in prediabetes.

Methods: Multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 658 adults with prediabetes treated for 1 year with metformin, linagliptin, their combination or placebo. Endpoints are small fiber peripheral neuropathy (SFPN) risk estimated by foot electrochemical skin conductance (FESC < 70 μSiemens) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Functional Outcomes of Emergency Surgery for Perforated Diverticulitis, Hinchey Grade III.

Background: Laparoscopic lavage as a treatment for perforated diverticulitis, Hinchey III, has been found safe and feasible in randomized trials. A few studies have reported functional outcomes and quality of life as secondary outcomes. This study investigated distress associated with dysfunction of the bowel or stoma, functional outcomes, and quality of life 2-3 years after surgery in a national unselected cohort.

The Association Between the Clinical Frailty Scale and Adverse Health Outcomes in Older Adults in Acute Clinical Settings - A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Frail older adults experience higher rates of adverse health outcomes. Therefore, assessing pre-hospital frailty early in the course of care is essential to identify the most vulnerable patients and determine their risk of deterioration. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a frailty assessment tool that evaluates pre-hospital mobility, energy, physical activity, and function to generate a score that ranges from very fit to terminally ill.

Extracellular distribution of galectin-10 in the esophageal mucosa of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis.

Eosinophilic esophagitis is a T-cell-driven allergic condition hallmarked by eosinophil infiltration of the esophagus. Eosinophils exposed to proliferating T cells release galectin-10 and have T-cell suppressive function in vitro. The aims of this study were to evaluate if eosinophils co-localize with T cells and release galectin-10 in the esophagus of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis.

Bariatric surgery, osteoarthritis and arthroplasty of the hip and knee in Swedish Obese Subjects - up to 31 years follow-up of a controlled intervention study.

Objective: To study the long-term effect of obesity and bariatric surgery on incidences of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty of hip and knee.

Design: Hazard ratios (HR) and incidence rates (IR) of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty of hip and knee were studied in the prospective, controlled, non-randomized Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study (bariatric surgery group, n = 2007; matched controls given usual obesity care, n = 2040) and the SOS reference cohort (n = 1135, general population). Osteoarthritis diagnosis and arthroplasty for osteoarthritis were captured from the National Swedish Patient Register.