Healthy lifestyle change and all-cause and cancer mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.

Background: Healthy lifestyles are inversely associated with the risk of noncommunicable diseases, which are leading causes of death. However, few studies have used longitudinal data to assess the impact of changing lifestyle behaviours on all-cause and cancer mortality.

Methods: Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, lifestyle profiles of 308,497 cancer-free adults (71% female) aged 35-70 years at recruitment across nine countries were assessed with baseline and follow-up questionnaires administered on average of 7 years apart.

Neonatal jaundice detection in low-resource Mexican settings: possibilities and barriers for innovation with mobile health.

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that can lead to brain damage and disabilities when severe cases go undetected. Low- and middle-income countries often lack accurate methods for detecting neonatal jaundice and rely on visual assessment, resulting in a higher incidence of adverse consequences. Picterus Jaundice Pro (Picterus JP), an easy-to-use and affordable smartphone-based screening device for the condition, has demonstrated higher accuracy than visual assessment in Norwegian, Philippine and Mexican newborns.

Parenteral Nutrition in Palliative Cancer Care: Detrimental, Futile, or Beneficial?

Palliative cancer care patients may live for a long time, but malnutrition worsens the prognosis. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is suitable for replenishing a calorie deficit, but its advantages and tolerance late in the cancer trajectory are debated. We examined symptom development in hospitalized patients with and without PN.

Decreasing lifetime prevalence of diabetes-related foot ulcers in Norway: repeated cross-sectional population-based surveys from the HUNT study (1995-2019).

Background And Aims: Diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU) are a persistent healthcare challenge, impacting both patients and healthcare systems, with adverse effects on quality of life and productivity. Our primary aim was to examine the trends in lifetime prevalence of DFU, as well as other micro- and macrovascular complications in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in Norway.

Methods: This study consists of individuals ≥20 years with diabetes participating in the population-based cross-sectional HUNT surveys (1995-2019).

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use and risk of thyroid cancer: Scandinavian cohort study.

Objective: To investigate whether use of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists is associated with increased risk of thyroid cancer.

Design: Scandinavian cohort study.

Setting: Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, 2007-21.

Overall Survival after Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases According to ECOG Status-A Prospective Study of 294 NSCLC Patients.

Up to 40% of non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients develop brain metastases (BMs). The potential benefits of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with poor performance status (PS) are questionable, with considerable risk for futile treatment. We analyzed overall survival after initial radiotherapy in NSCLC patients with BMs, focusing on the relationship between PS and survival after RT.

Needs assessment in long-term care: expression of national principles for priority setting in service allocation.

Background: Long-term care services for older adults are characterised by increasing needs and scarce resources. Political strategies have led to the reorganisation of long-term care services, with an increased focus on "ageing in place" and efficient use of resources. There is currently limited research on the processes by which resource allocation decisions are made by service allocators of long-term care services for older adults.

Filaggrin Mutation Status and Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis with Maternal Probiotic Supplementation.

The World Allergy Organization recommends probiotics in the prevention of atopic dermatitis in high-risk populations. Mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) result in an increased risk of atopic dermatitis through disruption of the skin keratin layer. This exploratory study investigated whether the preventive effect of maternal probiotics was evident in children with and without FLG mutations.

LCA of recycling aluminium incineration bottom ash, dross and shavings in a rotary furnace and environmental benefits of salt-slag valorisation.

Recycling aluminium in a rotary furnace with salt-fluxes allows recovering valuable alloys from hard-to-recycle waste/side-streams such as packaging, dross and incinerator bottom ash. However, this recycling route generates large amounts of salt-slag/salt-cake hazardous wastes which can pose critical environmental risks if landfilled. To tackle this issue, the metallurgical industry has developed processes to valorise the salt-slag residues into recyclable salts and aluminium concentrates, while producing by-products such as ammonium sulphate and non-metallic compounds (NMCs), with applications in the construction or chemical industries.

Exploring the Potential of Atlantic Mesopelagic Species Processed on Board Commercial Fishing Vessels as a Source of Dietary Lipids.

This study investigates the use of untapped mesopelagic species as a source of long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs) to meet the growing demand. The challenges faced by commercial fishing vessels, such as varying catch rates and species distribution affecting lipid levels, are addressed. Marine oils were produced post-catch using thermal separation and enzymatic hydrolysis during four commercial cruises, screening approximately 20,000 kg of mixed mesopelagic species.

End-of-life care at home: Dignity of family caregivers.

Background: Healthcare services are increasingly being shifted to home settings for patients nearing end-of-life. Consequently, the burden on family caregivers is significant. Their vulnerable situation remains poorly understood and there is little information available regarding their experiences of dignity.

Cerebral blood flow dynamics during cardiac surgery in infants.

Background: In this pilot study, we investigated continuous cerebral blood flow velocity measurements to explore cerebrovascular hemodynamics in infants with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: A non-invasive transfontanellar cerebral Doppler monitor (NeoDoppler) was used to monitor 15 infants (aged eight days to nine months) during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Numerical and visual analyses were conducted to assess trends and events in Doppler measurements together with standard monitoring equipment.

Raw Spectral Filter Array Imaging for Scene Recognition.

Scene recognition is the task of identifying the environment shown in an image. Spectral filter array cameras allow for fast capture of multispectral images. Scene recognition in multispectral images is usually performed after demosaicing the raw image.

Frequency and predictors of headache in the first 12 months after traumatic brain injury: results from CENTER-TBI.

Background: Headache is a prevalent and debilitating symptom following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Large-scale, prospective cohort studies are needed to establish long-term headache prevalence and associated factors after TBI. This study aimed to assess the frequency and severity of headache after TBI and determine whether sociodemographic factors, injury severity characteristics, and pre- and post-injury comorbidities predicted changes in headache frequency and severity during the first 12 months after injury.

Service Allocators' Experiences of Ethical Dilemmas and Strategies in Long-Term Care: A Qualitative Study.

The provision of long-term care services for older adults is characterised by increasing needs and scarce resources, leading to ethical dilemmas. This qualitative study explored the ethical dilemmas experienced by healthcare professionals when allocating long-term care services to older adults and the strategies used to handle ethical dilemmas. Data from semi-structured individual interviews, focus group interviews, and observations of service allocators assessing needs and assigning long-term care services to older adults were analysed using content analysis.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Naloxone.

Naloxone is a World Health Organization (WHO)-listed essential medicine and is the first choice for treating the respiratory depression of opioids, also by lay-people witnessing an opioid overdose. Naloxone acts by competitive displacement of opioid agonists at the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). Its effect depends on pharmacological characteristics of the opioid agonist, such as dissociation rate from the MOR receptor and constitution of the victim.

Reduction-Induced Magnetic Behavior in LaFeO Thin Films.

The effect of oxygen reduction on the magnetic properties of LaFeO (LFO) thin films was studied to better understand the viability of LFO as a candidate for magnetoionic memory. Differences in the amount of oxygen lost by LFO and its magnetic behavior were observed in nominally identical LFO films grown on substrates prepared using different common methods. In an LFO film grown on SrTiO (STO) substrate, the original perovskite film structure was preserved following reduction, and remnant magnetization was only seen at low temperatures.

Effect of Food Amounts on Larval Performance, Bacteriome and Molecular Immunologic Development during First-Feeding Culture of European Eel.

Production of European eel offspring has become a reality, but liquid diets during larval culture hold new challenges. This study focused on increasing food amounts without compromising well-being or healthy larvae-bacteria interactions. First-feeding larvae were fed two food amounts (Low = 0.

The Interaction of Linguistic and Visual Cues for the Processing of Case in Russian by Russian-German Bilinguals: An Eye Tracking Study.

Modulation of visual attention in the Visual World Paradigm relies on parallel processing of linguistic and visual information. Previous studies have argued that the human linguistic capacity includes an aspect of anticipation of upcoming material. Such anticipation can be triggered by both lexical and grammatical/morphosyntactic cues.

Public health nurses' experiences with mental health promotion for adolescent immigrants in schools: A qualitative study.

Aims And Objectives: This study aimed to explore public health nurses' experiences with mental health promotion for adolescent immigrants in lower secondary and high school, aiming to enhance knowledge and insights for effective mental health promotion.

Methodological Design And Justification: A qualitative design employing a hermeneutic approach was chosen. Thirteen public health nurses were selected using purposive criterion sampling and snowballing.