To Study the Correlation or Association of Serum Uric Acid Level with Morbidities and Mortality in Sepsis Patient and its Prognostic Significance.

Unlabelled: Sepsis becomes a life threatening condition, which diagnosed clinically with simple q-SOFA score at bedside. In sepsis there is increased oxidative stress due to high oxygen free radicals and low levels of antioxidants causing multi-organs failure, one of which is kidney dysfunction, resulting in inhibition of uric acid (UA) excretion, causing rise in serum UA. Thus UA can be a marker of severity of oxidative stress and poor prognosis in patients with sepsis.

Practical Aspects and Avoidance of Complications in Microendoscopic Spine Surgeries: A Review.

Introduction:  Although the indications for endoscopic procedures have increased in recent times, there are also some limitations. This review discusses the practical points to prevent and treat complications in microendoscopic spine surgery.

Material And Methods:  A literature search was conducted for the relevant articles after a topic search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline.

CBNAAT: A Boon for Early Diagnosis of Tuberculosis-Head and Neck.

Tuberculosis of head and neck has been an under diagnosed entity due to large number of smear negative cases, which results in missing out the positive cases, further increasing the burden of TB. The role of cartridge- based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) with a potential to diagnose TB and rifampicin resistance within 2 h is promising. The study highlights the extended implications of CBNAAT in infectious lesions of head and neck, where the pus or aspirate was subjected to this test, along with other investigations which have been routinely used for detection of extra pulmonary tuberculosis.

Effect of Dexamethasone on Characteristics of Supraclavicular Nerve Block with Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine: A Prospective, Double-blind, Randomized Control Trial.

Background: Dexamethasone as an adjuvant to bupivacaine and ropivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus (SCBP) block prolongs motor and sensory blockade. However, comparison of effect of dexamethasone (8 mg) when added to these two local anesthetics has not been well studied. This study was conducted to compare analgesic efficacy of dexamethasone as adjuvant to bupivacaine and ropivacaine in SCBP block.

Endoscopic Management of Arnold-Chiari Malformation Type I with or without Syringomyelia.

Introduction:  Several different surgical techniques have been used in the treatment of patients with symptomatic Arnold-Chiari malformation type 1 (ACM-1) with or without syrinx. Endoscope-assisted decompression of the posterior fossa has been found to be safe and effective. We report our initial experience of endoscopic management of ACM-I.

Extent of Decompression of Lumbar Spinal Canal after Endoscopic Surgery.

 Endoscopic techniques are being used in lumbar disk disease and lumbar canal stenosis to decompress the spinal canal. The present study analyzed pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of the lumbar canal.  This was a prospective study of 30 lumbar levels.

Endoscopic Management of Spinal Intradural Extramedullary Tumors.

 Posterior midline laminectomy is associated with risks of postoperative instability, spinal deformity, extensive bilateral subperiosteal muscle stripping, partial or total facetectomy especially in foraminal tumor extension, increased cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and wound infection. Minimally invasive approaches with the help of a microscope or endoscope using hemilaminectomy have been found to be safe and effective. We report our initial experience of 18 patients using the endoscopic technique.

Endoscopic management of colloid cysts.

Background: Microsurgical resection, stereotactic aspiration, endoscopically assisted microsurgical resection, and ventriculoperitoneal shunt have been the treatment options for colloid cysts of the third ventricle. Recently, an endoscopic approach has been recognized as an effective alternative to open surgery. There is suspicion about the long-term recurrence rate and about obtaining complete removal of cyst.

Endoscopic interlaminar management of lumbar disc disease.

Introduction: The role of surgery by minimally invasive techniques for lumbar disc disease remains unclear in the Cochrane review. There are reports of significant advantages of endoscopy over open or microdiscectomy techniques, such as better visualization of the lesion, smaller incision sizes with lower short-term morbidity, reduced hospital stay, and better education.

Materials And Methods: Four hundred consecutive lumber disc herniation patients underwent endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy from January 2006 to December 2010 by single surgeon by Destandu system (Karl Storz, Germany).

Endoscopic transoral excision of odontoid process in irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation: our experience of 34 patients.

Background: The endoscopic excision of the odontoid process in irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) can be achieved by transnasal, transoral, and transcervical approaches. Endoscopic transoral technique has been found to be effective and safe. It avoids palatal splitting or prolonged retraction.

Water jet dissection technique for endoscopic third ventriculostomy minimises the risk of bleeding and neurological complications in obstructive hydrocephalus with a thick and opaque third ventricle floor.

Background: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a procedure of choice in the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus. Neurovascular injury while perforating the ventricular floor can occur when using a conventional probe, especially in patients with a thick and opaque third ventricle floor. The water jet dissection technique can be useful in such cases to perform an initial perforation.

Endoscopic management of hypertensive intraventricular haemorrhage with obstructive hydrocephalus.

Background: Intracranial haemorrhage accounts for 30-60 % of all stroke admissions into a hospital, with hypertension being the main risk factor. Presence of intraventricular haematoma is considered a poor prognostic factor due to the resultant obstruction to CSF and the mass effect following the presence of blood resulting in raised intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus. We report the results following endoscopic decompression of obstructive hydrocephalus and evacuation of haematoma in patients with hypertensive intraventricular haemorrhage.