Vesicovaginal Reflux: A Masquerader.

Vesicovaginal reflux (VVR) is a functional disorder seen in girls and women. It may be asymptomatic or cause incontinence and dribbling symptoms. It is often associated with high body mass index (BMI) and infrequent voiding or abnormal voiding position.

Preoperative ultrasound mapping of the suprascapular and spinal accessory nerves: A surgeon's guide to precision.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the accessibility and localization of spinal accessory and suprascapular nerves in the suprascapular region in healthy volunteers using ultrasonography.

Methods: One hundred healthy volunteers were included and the location of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) and suprascapular nerve (SSN) was assessed in the right suprascapular region.

Findings: Seventy men and 30 women, (mean age 40.

Faeco-vaginal fistulae: An algorithm for management.

Faeco-vaginal fistulae are not uncommon. We suggest a simple management algorithm to provide tailored approach for every patient.

The Normal Static Two-Point Discrimination in the Palmar Aspect of Hand in Adults and Children in a Sample Indian Population.

 The normal ability to distinguish two points from one is known as the two-point discriminative (2PD) sense. This forms an extremely important assessment in patient with injuries to the nerves distributed to the upper extremity.  The aim of this study was to estimate the normal reference values of static 2PD in healthy adults and children.

Evaluation of high-frequency ultrasonography for diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. The cross-sectional area of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel for a positive diagnosis had a sensitivity of ∼ 98.6% but a specificity of 60%.

Duragen: A dermal substitute for the management of suboptimal wounds.

Using a flap in a large wound with a very small area of exposed vital structures may be an excessive intrusion and cause unnecessary donor site morbidity. Dermal matrix (DuraGen) was applied onto critical areas where bone or tendons were exposed and a split skin graft was placed thereon. All patients had satisfactory wound closure without the need for a flap.

Flap blood glucose measurement for flap monitoring and early detection of circulatory problems.

Postoperative monitoring of skin flaps is subjective and cannot detect early circulatory problems in the flap. Early detection and rapid remedial re-exploration are important for flap salvage. We evaluated flap glucose measurement to monitor the flaps for early detection of circulatory problems.

Achieving Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anesthesia (SOTA) care for all in South Asia.

South Asia is a demographically crucial, economically aspiring, and socio-culturally diverse region in the world. The region contributes to a large burden of surgically-treatable disease conditions. A large number of people in South Asia cannot access safe and affordable surgical, obstetric, trauma, and anesthesia (SOTA) care when in need.

Correlation of thermal burn hepatic dysfunction with outcomes.

Introduction: Organ dysfunction and failure increase the morbidity and mortality following major burn. Alteration of liver morphology and function is common following major burns; however, it has not received much attention. In this study we have assessed the impact of thermal burn on liver in relation with mortality.

Hydatid cyst of the infraspinatus muscle.

Muscle hydatidosis is rare accounting only for 3%-5% of cases. Until now, only one case of muscular hydatidosis involving the infraspinatus muscle has been recorded. Hereby, we present a case report of primary hydatidosis of infraspinatus muscle in a 32-year-old woman from Central India who presented with painful soft-tissue swelling.

Dual natural orifice per luminal endoscopic repair of vesico-vaginal fistula: A case report.

Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) is a dreaded complication of gynaecologic and obstetric procedures with many approaches and techniques described for its repair. We present a novel technique of dual natural orifice transluminal endoscopic repair of VVF.

Seventh Cervical Nerve (C7) Transection for Spastic Arm Paralysis After Cerebral Injury.

Background: Spastic limb paralysis because of cerebral injury can cause long-term disability. Its treatment varies from conservative to operative; however, the optimum treatment is yet to be found.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that patients with spastic arm paralysis who receive C7 nerve transection to their paralyzed side might have reduction in spasticity, pain, and improvement in arm function.

Frugal indigenous vessel loop made from a surgical glove.

We report a simple cost effective alternative to commercially available vessel loops made from sterilized surgical gloves for retraction of vital structures during vascular trauma, micro-vascular, micro-neural surgery.

Personal financial literacy among Indian postgraduate residents.

Background Postgraduate residents' ability to understand and effectively manage their finances is variable. We conducted this study to assess the awareness of personal financial literacy among Indian residents. Methods We circulated a web-based cross-sectional Google Forms multiple-choice questionnaire having questions in three categories including financial awareness, current financial status and plans among 400 Indian residents.

Assessment of prevalence and morphology of plantaris tendon in Indian population by ultrasound.

Background: There is wide racial difference in the prevalence of the absence of the plantaris tendon. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of plantaris tendon in Indian population.

Materials And Methods: The presence of the plantaris tendon was determined by ultrasound in 250 healthy volunteers using the standard technique.

Effectiveness of adhesive taping to reduce pain, swelling and trismus after fracture mandible surgery.

Swelling, pain and trismus constitute the major post-operative morbidity after surgery for mandibular fractures. We assessed the role of kinesio taping in mitigating these. Two groups of 15 patients were compared; those who had such applied to the side of the fracture and a control group of those who did not.

Delayed revascularization of extremities following vascular injuries: Challenges and outcome.

Purpose: In developing countries delayed presentation following major vascular injury is common due to limited vascular trauma units; delay in diagnosis and time lost in transit which pose a major challenge for limb salvage. Aim of this study was to assess limb survival and complications after delayed revascularization of extremity following major vascular injury.

Method: 20 patients, (19 males and 1 female, mean age 31.