Synthesis of Deuterium-Labeled Pyrrolylcarnosine.

The effect of temperature on the effectiveness of the incorporation of deuterium into pyrrolylcarnosine (PC) was studied. Deuterium gas and heavy water were used as a source of deuterium. Isotope exchange was carried out using solid-phase and liquid-phase methods.

Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds on Biofilms and Swimming Motility of .

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by bacteria play an important role in the interaction between microorganisms and other organisms. They can inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic microorganisms, modulate plant growth, and serve as infochemicals. Here, we investigated the effects of ketones, alcohols, and terpenes on the colony biofilms of plant pathogenic strains and swimming motility, which can play an important role in the formation of biofilms.

The Effect of Volatile Organic Compounds on Different Organisms: Agrobacteria, Plants and Insects.

Bacteria and fungi emit a huge variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can provide a valuable arsenal for practical use. However, the biological activities and functions of the VOCs are poorly understood. This work aimed to study the action of individual VOCs on the bacteria , plants, and fruit flies .

Assessment of the Cytotoxicity of Peptide Modifications of Doxorubicin on Tetrahymena pyriformis.

The cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (Dox) and its peptide modifications Z-Gly-Pro-Dox and Boc-Gly-Pro-Dox were studied. Tetrahymena pyriformis was used as a test system, which made it possible, due to the short life cycle and high reproduction rate of ciliates, to trace their response to the effects of toxicants over several generations. It was found that peptide modification of the Dox molecule markedly reduces its cytotoxic and cytostatic effect.

Universal functions of the σ finger in alternative σ factors during transcription initiation by bacterial RNA polymerase.

The bacterial σ factor plays the central role in promoter recognition by RNA polymerase (RNAP). The primary σ factor, involved in transcription of housekeeping genes, was also shown to participate in the initiation of RNA synthesis and promoter escape by RNAP. In the open promoter complex, the σ finger formed by σ region 3.

Recognition of double-stranded DNA by the Rhodobacter sphaeroides Argonaute protein.

In contrast to eukaryotic Argonaute proteins that act on RNA targets, prokaryotic Argonautes (pAgos) can target DNA, using either small RNA or small DNA guides for its recognition. Since pAgos can recognize only a single strand of DNA and lack a helicase activity, it remains unknown how double-stranded DNA can be bound both in vitro and in vivo. Here, using in vitro reconstitution and footprinting assays we analyze formation of specific complexes with target DNA by a catalytically inactive pAgo, RsAgo from Rhodobacter sphaeroides programmed with small guide RNAs.

Knockdown of the neuronal gene Lim3 at the early stages of development affects mitochondrial function and lifespan in Drosophila.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying variation in lifespan is central to ensure long life. Lim3 encoding a homolog of the vertebrate Lhx3/4 transcription factors plays a key role in Drosophila neuron development. Here, we demonstrated that Lim3 knockdown early in life decreased survival of adult flies.