Application of colored filters in patients post-traumatic brain injury: A review.

Background: Tinted lenses have been used to manage visual discomfort and photosensitivity in patients with migraines, benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and epilepsy.

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to examine the existing clinical research regarding the use of colored filters among patients recovering from traumatic brain injuries.

Methods: A review of English articles from PubMed, Embase from embase.

Bringing the age-related macular degeneration high-risk allele age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 into focus with stem cell technology.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness in older adults in developed countries. It is a multifactorial disease triggered by both environmental and genetic factors. High-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2) are two genes that are strongly associated with AMD.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Outer Retinal Disease.

The retina, which is composed of multiple layers of differing cell types, has been considered the first choice for gene therapy, disease modeling, and stem cell-derived retinal cell transplant therapy. Because of its special characteristics, the retina, located in the posterior part of the eye, can be well observed directly after gene therapy or transplantation. The blood-retinal barrier is part of a specialized ocular microenvironment that is immune privileged.

Use of ready-made spectacles to meet visual needs in a low-resource adult population.

Purpose: In affluent societies, distance and near vision problems are typically corrected with custom-made eyeglasses. Many persons in less affluent areas do not have the resources for such. The purpose of this study was to assess the use of less expensive ready-made (RM) bifocals and readers to correct distance and near refractive error and presbyopia in an outreach clinic in Nicaragua.

Sensitivity and specificity of the iVue iWellnessExam™ in detecting retinal and optic nerve disorders.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the specificity and sensitivity of the iWellnessExam™ screening protocol available on iVue spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), in a cohort of confirmed normal subjects and subjects with confirmed disease.

Methods: In total, 126 of 132 confirmed normal subjects and 101 of 107 subjects with confirmed disease were included for analysis. Of the patients with confirmed disease, 67 had retinal disease, 50 had optic nerve disease, and 16 had both retinal and optic nerve pathology.