3,947 results match your criteria: "NOVA Medical School.[Affiliation]"

Appetite, as the internal drive for food intake, is often dysregulated in a broad spectrum of conditions associated with over- and under-nutrition across the lifespan. Appetite regulation is a complex, integrative process comprising psychological and behavioral events, peripheral and metabolic inputs, and central neurotransmitter and metabolic interactions. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has emerged as a critical mediator of multiple physiological processes, including energy metabolism, brain function, and behavior.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by pronounced immune escape and resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Preliminary investigations revealed a marked overexpression of gasdermin E (GSDME) in GBM. Notably, cisplatin (CDDP) demonstrated a capacity of inducing pyroptosis by activating caspase-3 to cleave GSDME, coupled with the release of proinflammatory factors, indicating the potential as a viable approach of inducing anti-tumor immune activation.

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Epidemiological methods in transition: Minimizing biases in classical and digital approaches.

PLOS Digit Health

January 2025

Social Physics and Complexity (SPAC) Lab, LIP-Laboratory for Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics, Lisboa, Portugal.

Epidemiology and Public Health have increasingly relied on structured and unstructured data, collected inside and outside of typical health systems, to study, identify, and mitigate diseases at the population level. Focusing on infectious diseases, we review the state of Digital Epidemiology at the beginning of 2020 and how it changed after the COVID-19 pandemic, in both nature and breadth. We argue that Epidemiology's progressive use of data generated outside of clinical and public health systems creates several technical challenges, particularly in carrying specific biases that are almost impossible to correct for a priori.

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Mobile Health for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Patients' Preferences and Perception of Patient-Centeredness.

Actas Esp Psiquiatr

January 2025

Institute of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Psychiatry, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal.

Background: The increasingly fast development of mobile health technologies holds significant value for individuals dealing with mental health conditions. However, inadequate consideration of patients' preferences and expectations undermines real-world outcomes, including sustained adherence. Driven by the belief that specific characteristics, such as youth and higher education, of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder make them suitable for digital adoption, we investigated mHealth-related desirability factors within this patient group.

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Introduction: Informal care estimates for use in health-economic models are lacking. We aimed to estimate the association between informal care time and dementia symptoms across Europe.

Methods: A secondary analysis was performed on 13,529 observations in 5,369 persons from 9 European pooled cohort or trial studies in community-dwelling persons with dementia.

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Axial spondyloarthritis manifests as a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the sacroiliac joints and spine. Although chronic back pain and spinal stiffness are typical initial symptoms, peripheral (ie, enthesitis, arthritis, and dactylitis) and extra-musculoskeletal (ie, uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis) manifestations are also common. Timely and accurate diagnosis is challenging and relies on identifying a clinical pattern with a combination of clinical, laboratory (HLA-B27 positivity), and imaging findings (eg, structural damage on pelvic radiographs and bone marrow oedema on MRI of the sacroiliac joints).

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Optimizing Mechanical Ventilation: A Clinical and Practical Bedside Method for the Identification and Management of Patient-Ventilator Asynchronies in Critical Care.

J Clin Med

January 2025

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital de São Francisco Xavier, Unidade Local de Saúde Lisboa Ocidental (ULSLO), Estrada Forte do Alto Duque, 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal.

The prompt identification and correction of patient-ventilator asynchronies (PVA) remain a cornerstone for ensuring the quality of respiratory failure treatment and the prevention of further injury to critically ill patients. These disruptions, whether due to over- or under-assistance, have a profound clinical impact not only on the respiratory mechanics and the mortality associated with mechanical ventilation but also on the patient's cardiac output and hemodynamic profile. Strong evidence has demonstrated that these frequently occurring and often underdiagnosed events have significant prognostic value for mechanical ventilation outcomes and are strongly associated with prolonged ICU stays and hospital mortality.

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Abnormal p53 High-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cancers (Basel)

December 2024

Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal.

Objective: Our primary objective was to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of patients with abnormal p53 FIGO grade 3 (high-grade) endometrioid endometrial cancer. As secondary objectives, we determined the global prevalence of abnormal p53 in grade 3 endometrioid endometrial carcinomas and the geographical variations.

Methods: The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science.

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, linked with a significantly heightened risk of stroke. While moderate exercise reduces AF risk, high-level endurance athletes paradoxically exhibit a higher incidence. However, their stroke risk remains uncertain due to their younger age, higher cardiovascular fitness, and lower rate of comorbidities.

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The "" under this Perspective underline the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and partnerships across several disciplines, such as medical science and technology, medicine, bioengineering, and computational approaches, in bridging the gap between research, manufacturing, and clinical applications. Effective communication is key to bridging team gaps, enhancing trust, and resolving conflicts, thereby fostering teamwork and individual growth toward shared goals. Drawing from the success of the COVID-19 vaccine development, we advocate the application of similar collaborative models in other complex health areas such as nanomedicine and biomedical engineering.

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Differences in association between hypoalbuminaemia and mortality among younger versus older patients on haemodialysis.

Clin Kidney J

January 2025

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Bone and Mineral Research Unit, REDinREN (RD06/0016/1013, RD12/0021/0023 and RD16/0009/0017) and RICORS2040 (RD21/0005/0019) del ISCIII, Oviedo, Spain.

Background: Ageing often affects biomarker production. Yet, clinical/optimal thresholds to guide clinical decisions do not consider this. Serum albumin decreases with age, but hypoalbuminaemia is defined as serum albumin <4.

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Background/objectives: Nutrition labels are an effective tool for providing nutrition information. Additionally, nutrient composition is one of the most dictating factors for athletes' food choices; thus, we aimed to evaluate the use and perceptions regarding the nutrition labels implemented for the meals served at the 2022 European Athletics Championships (EAC).

Methods: During mealtime at the team restaurants, participants completed an online self-administered questionnaire.

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Early Mortality Prediction in Intensive Care Unit Patients Based on Serum Metabolomic Fingerprint.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2024

ISEL-Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisbon, Portugal.

Predicting mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) is essential for timely interventions and efficient resource use, especially during pandemics like COVID-19, where high mortality persisted even after the state of emergency ended. Current mortality prediction methods remain limited, especially for critically ill ICU patients, due to their dynamic metabolic changes and heterogeneous pathophysiological processes. This study evaluated how the serum metabolomic fingerprint, acquired through Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, could support mortality prediction models in COVID-19 ICU patients.

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Maternal severe morbidity and mortality are measures for assessing maternal healthcare, and admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU) can be used to study these metrics. Here, we analyze ICU admissions of pregnant or postpartum women in a tertiary hospital. This is a retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study of obstetric intensive care admissions at a Portuguese hospital spanning 15 years.

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Little is known about the clinical characteristics and pathogens causing hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs) in relation to an intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Population-based cohort study, comprising 35% of the Danish population, 2009-2016. We derived four patient groups with first-time HA-BSIs: no ICU stay during the admission (non-ICU patients) and HA-BSI acquired before, in, or after an ICU stay (before-ICU, in-ICU, and after-ICU patients).

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Age-related conditions, such as being misinformed, having limited oral health literacy, and the loss of manual dexterity, autonomy, or visual acuity, may act as barriers to oral health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different oral hygiene instruction methods on oral hygiene and the self-perception of oral health in older adults. This randomized controlled trial included participants aged 65 and older who completed a questionnaire on socio-economic factors, self-perceived oral health, and oral hygiene behaviours.

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Laser-Based Length-Measuring Board for the Measurement of Infant Body Length from Outside an Incubator: Proposal and Assessment of a Model.

Children (Basel)

December 2024

Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal.

Introduction: Opening the incubator side wall to insert a non-sterile length-measuring device carries the risk of microbial contamination and thermal instability for preterm infants. To reduce this inconvenience, a laser-based length-measuring board is proposed to measure body length from outside the incubator.

Methods: This device has two laser-line-shaped cursors which can be pointed to opposite ends of a segment to be measured.

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Determinants of Neonatal Mortality at a Referral Paediatric Hospital in Angola: A Case-Control Study Using Theoretical Frameworks.

Int J Environ Res Public Health

November 2024

Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.

Neonatal mortality rates in developing countries are influenced by a complex array of factors. Despite advancements in healthcare, Angola has one of the highest neonatal mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa, with significant contributors including premature birth, intrapartum events, tetanus, and sepsis. This study, utilizing key theoretical frameworks such as intersectionality, social determinants of health (SDOH), and ecosocial theory, aimed to identify the primary causes and contributing factors of neonatal mortality among infants admitted to the Neonatology Service at DBPH in Luanda from May 2022 to June 2023.

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Health and Liver Diagnostic Markers Influencing Glycemia in Subjects with Prediabetes: Preview Study.

Diagnostics (Basel)

December 2024

Centre for Nutrition Research, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain.

Introduction: Glucose homeostasis may be dependent on liver conditions and influence health-related markers and quality of life (QoL) objective measurements. This study aimed to analyze the interactions of glycemia with liver and health status in a prediabetic population.

Subjects And Methods: This study included 2220 overweight/obese prediabetics from the multinational PREVIEW project.

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Background: species are the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease and, as ubiquitous waterborne bacteria, are prone to antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) acquisition and dissemination due to the antimicrobial contamination of natural environments. Given the potential health risks associated with ARGs, it is crucial to assess their presence in the population.

Methods: The ARGs and were detected in 348 samples, isolates, and DNA extracts using conventional PCR.

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In Parkinson's disease, dopaminergic neurons (DANs) in the midbrain gradually degenerate, with ventral substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) DANs exhibiting greater vulnerability. However, it remains unclear whether specific molecular subtypes of ventral SNc DANs are more susceptible to degeneration in PD, and if they contribute to the early motor symptoms associated with the disease. We identified a subtype of + DANs, +, which are selectively lost earlier than other DANs, and with a time course that aligns with the development of motor symptoms in MitoPark mice.

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Intralesional bleomycin sclerotherapy for head and neck low-flow vascular malformations - A retrospective single-center experience.

J Craniomaxillofac Surg

January 2025

Neuroradiology Department, ULS São José, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro Clínico Académico de Lisboa (CCAL), Lisbon, Portugal.

Low-flow vascular malformations (LFVMs) account for over 90% of all vascular malformations, with the highest prevalence in the head and neck region. Intralesional sclerotherapy is the treatment of choice for subcutaneous LFVMs, although there is no consensus on optimal agent selection or dosage. Mild sclerosing agents, such as bleomycin, are commonly used in sensitive anatomical areas, including the head and neck, due to their favorable safety profile, despite slightly lower efficacy.

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Background: The percentage of Portuguese psoriasis patients with psoriatic arthritis is unknown but musculoskeletal complaints related to PsA affect up to a third of patients. Dermatologists can identify early PsA as skin symptoms often precede joint symptoms in 80% of patients. Efficient and easy to perform screening tools are needed to help dermatologists effectively discriminate between Pso and PsA patients.

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Introduction: The identification of type 1 diabetes at an early presymptomatic stage has clinical benefits. These include a reduced risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the clinical manifestation of the disease and a significant reduction in clinical symptoms. The European action for the Diagnosis of Early Non-clinical Type 1 diabetes For disease Interception (EDENT1FI) represents a pioneering effort to advance early detection of type 1 diabetes through public health screening.

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DMEK Surgical Strategy in Aphakic and Vitrectomized Eyes.

Eur J Ophthalmol

January 2025

Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Instituto de Microcirugía Ocular (IMO), Barcelona, 08035, Spain.

Article Synopsis
  • After 15 years of DMEK experience, the technique has shown high success rates but still struggles with certain eye conditions like aphakia and eyes that have had vitrectomy.
  • A new method involves injecting an air bubble under the Descemet membrane graft to help unroll it more efficiently during surgery.
  • This approach has been found to decrease surgical time while ensuring successful attachment of the graft, offering a promising option for complex DMEK cases.
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