Effect of nanoparticulate CaCO on the biological properties of calcium silicate cement.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nanoparticulate CaCO (NPCC) on the biological properties of calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs), including their cytotoxicity, in vitro osteogenic activity, and interactions with rat femur tissue. The average size of NPCC was 90.3±26.

Hyperspectral inversion of heavy metal content in farmland soil under conservation tillage of black soils.

Globally, heavy metal (HM) soil pollution is becoming an increasingly serious concern. Heavy metals in soils pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence, toxicity, and potential for bioaccumulation. These metals often originate from anthropogenic activities such as industrial emissions, agricultural practices, and improper waste disposal.

The anticancer activity of fucoidan coated selenium nanoparticles and curcumin nanoparticles against colorectal cancer lines.

Cancers still globally endanger millions of people yearly; the incidences/mortalities of colorectal cancers are particularly increasing. The natural nanoparticles (NPs) and marine biopolymers were anticipated to provide effectual safe significances for managing cancers. The transformation of curcumin to nano-curcumin (NCur) was conducted with gum Arabic.

Cost-effectiveness of systematic chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study using Japanese clinical data.

We compared the cost-effectiveness of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) and modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX)-standard first-line treatments for metastatic pancreatic cancer in Japan. This retrospective cohort study included patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer treated at the National Cancer Center Hospital East in Japan between December 2013 and February 2017. A partitioned survival model, featuring five mutually exclusive health states, was developed.

Sulfur-locked multiple resonance emitters for high performance orange-red/deep-red OLEDs.

Multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials are preferred for their high efficiency and high colour purity in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the design strategies of MR-TADF emitters in the red region are very limited. Herein, we propose a concept for a paradigm shift in orange-red/deep-red MR emitters by linking the outer phenyl groups in a classical MR framework through intramolecular sulfur (S) locks.

Carboxylated nanocellulose from quinoa husk for enhanced protease immobilization and stability of protease in biotechnological applications.

Herein, an efficient and feasible approach was developed to oxidize low-cost agricultural waste (quinoa husk, QS) for the synthesis of carboxylated nanocellulose (CNC). The as-prepared rod-like CNCs (average diameter of 10 nm and length of 103 nm) with a high specific surface area (173 m/g) were utilized for the immobilization of a model protease enzyme (PersiProtease1) either physically or via covalent attachment. For chemical immobilization, CNCs were firstly functionalized with N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) to provide DCNCs nanocarrier which could covalently bond to enzyme trough nucleophilic substitution reaction and formation of the amide bond between DCNCs and enzyme.

Production and properties of particleboard and paper from waste poppy straw.

Due to the scarcity of wood in some countries, it is necessary to replace it with other raw materials and at the same time use the waste material. The aim of this research is to use poppy waste straw for the efficient conversion of possible lignocellulosic materials - pulps and particleboards. Their suitability for the production of composites is assessed on the basis of selected physical or mechanical properties.

Solution combustion synthesis of ZnO doped CuO nanocomposite for photocatalytic and sensor applications.

ZnO-doped CuO nanocomposites (CuO-ZnO NPs) of 1, 3, and 5 mol% were prepared by the solution combustion method using ODH as a fuel (Oxlyl-hydrazide) at 500 °C and calcining at 1000 °C for two hours and the Structural, photocatalytic, and electrochemical properties were investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed a crystallite size (D) range of 25 to 31 nm for pure CuO and 1, 3, and 5 mol% CuO-ZnO NPs. According to calculations, the optical energy band gap (Eg) of the NPs is between 2.

Synergistic design of CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs ternary nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light.

This study involves a novel CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs (CCT) nanocomposite, developed by integrating cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light. The photocatalyst was extensively characterized using XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, UV-Vis, BET, and PL analysis. The synthesized CoFe₂O₄ and CuO nanoparticles exhibited crystallite sizes of 46.

Efficient biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using a bifunctional Ce/Mn/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts.

As the demand for sustainable energy sources intensifies, biodiesel emerges as a compelling renewable alternative to petroleum-based fuels. Leveraging waste cooking oil (WCO) as a feedstock not only offers an environmentally friendly fuel source but also addresses waste disposal issues. However, biodiesel production from WCO faces challenges, particularly due to its high free fatty acid (FFA) content, which can hinder efficient conversion and lead to soap formation in traditional alkaline-catalysed processes.

New formyl indole derivatives based on thiobarbituric acid and their nano-formulations; synthesis, characterization, parasitology and histopathology investigations.

New formyl indole derivatives based on thiobarbituric acid were designed for targeting parasitological applications. The new compounds (5-((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione (3a), and 5-((1-benzyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione (3b) were synthesized as thioxodihydropyrimidine derivatives via aldol condensation reaction. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed based on their spectral data via FT-IR, H and C NMR spectral characterization.

Crystal structure of Au-pseudocarbyne(C).

Carbyne-related materials permit exploring the potentially extraordinary properties of this long-sought but still elusive carbon allotrope. However, accurate understanding of these materials is challenging. Here we report the crystal structure of a Au-pseudocarbyne, a representative of a possible new family of materials consisting of sp-hybridized carbon chains and stabilizing metal atoms.

Next generation thiazolyl ketone inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase A α for targeted cancer therapy.

Eicosanoids are key players in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Targeting their production by inhibiting Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A (cPLAα) offers a promising approach for cancer therapy. In this study, we synthesize a second generation of thiazolyl ketone inhibitors of cPLAα starting with compound GK470 (AVX235) and test their in vitro and cellular activities.

Engineering ultra-strong electron-phonon coupling and nonclassical electron transport in crystalline gold with nanoscale interfaces.

Electrical resistivity in good metals, particularly noble metals such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), or copper, increases linearly with temperature (T) for T > Θ, where Θ is the Debye temperature. This is because the coupling (λ) between the electrons and the lattice vibrations, or phonons, in these metals is weak, with λ ~ 0.1-0.

Quantum key distribution implemented with d-level time-bin entangled photons.

High-dimensional photon states (qudits) are pivotal to enhance the information capacity, noise robustness, and data rates of quantum communications. Time-bin entangled qudits are promising candidates for implementing high-dimensional quantum communications over optical fiber networks with processing rates approaching those of classical telecommunications. However, their use is hindered by phase instability, timing inaccuracy, and low scalability of interferometric schemes needed for time-bin processing.

The glycerol stabilized calcium phosphate cluster for rapid remineralization of tooth enamel by a water-triggered transformation.

Remineralization is a common strategy for the repair of early demineralized tooth enamels, but the harsh dynamic oral environment often hampers its efficacy. Rapid remineralization is expected to address this challenge, however, the stabilizers of remineralization materials often resist their transformation required for repair. Here, by dissolving the ions of calcium and phosphate in glycerol-dominant solvents, we obtain the calcium phosphate clusters (1-2 nm), which are stabilized by glycerol (with high viscosity and affinity to clusters), but can perform a fast enamel repair via the water-triggered transformation in both static and dynamic environments.

PEGylated Platinum Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Study of Their Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects.

Pain and inflammation are common symptoms of a majority of the diseases. Chronic pain and inflammation, as well as related dreadful disorders, remain difficult to control due to a lack of safe and effective medications. In this work, biocompatible platinum nanoparticles with significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory action were synthesized through a wet chemical method using polyethylene glycol-400 as a capping agent and sodium borohydride as a reducing agent.

The molecular reach of antibodies crucially underpins their viral neutralisation capacity.

Key functions of antibodies, such as viral neutralisation, depend on high-affinity binding. However, viral neutralisation poorly correlates with antigen affinity for reasons that have been unclear. Here, we use a new mechanistic model of bivalent binding to study  >45 patient-isolated IgG1 antibodies interacting with SARS-CoV-2 RBD surfaces.

An Efficient Ultra-Narrowband Yellow Emitter Based on a Double-Boron-Embedded Tetraazacyclophane.

Ultra-narrowband and highly modifiable multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials are crucial for realizing high-performance wide-color-gamut display applications. Despite progress, most MR-TADF emitters remain confined to blue and green wavelengths, with difficulties extending into longer wavelengths without significant spectral broadening, which compromises color purity in full-color organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays. In this work, we present a novel tetraazacyclophane-based architecture embedding dual boron atoms to remarkedly enhance intramolecular charge transfer through the strategic positioning of boron and nitrogen atoms.

Further evidence that a specific homozygous variant results in non-syndromic maculopathy and can be mistaken for prior ocular toxoplasmosis infection.

Introduction: Round atrophic macular scars with a hyperpigmented rim in an otherwise healthy child are characteristic for prior ocular toxoplasmosis infection, the most common etiology of self-resolved retinitis in immunocompetent patients. However, a specific homozygous gene mutation (NM_148960: : c. 263T>A; p.

Simultaneous Eco-Friendly Spectrofluorometric Estimation of Itraconazole and Ibuprofen in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices.

A rapid, facile, and green spectrofluorometric method was developed for the concurrent precise estimation of itraconazole and ibuprofen. The developed method involved the use of Tween-80 micelle as a green sample matrix for the efficient assay of the analytes of interest. Besides the greenness of Tween-80, it significantly enhanced the native fluorescence of itraconazole by about 450%.

First-in-Human Study of [C]NCGG401 for Imaging Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptors in the Brain.

Microglia, the immune cells in the brain, play a significant role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. To visualize these cells in the living brain, we developed a PET ligand, [C]NCGG401 (4-{2-[((1,2)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)(methyl)amino]benzothiazol-6-yloxy}--methylpicolinamide, NCGG401), that targets colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). In this study, we present the first-in-human evaluation of [C]NCGG401 to assess its safety profile and then to evaluate its kinetics to quantify CSF1R in the human brain.