Clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients initiated on molnupiravir in Denmark - A national registry study.

Background: Molnupiravir (MOV) is an orally bioavailable ribonucleoside with antiviral activity against all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants. We describe the demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of non-hospitalized Danish patients treated with MOV and their clinical outcomes following MOV initiation.

Method: Among all adults (>18 years) who received MOV between 16 December 2021 and 30 April 2022 in an outpatient setting in Denmark, we summarized their demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline and post-MOV outcomes using descriptive statistics.

Onabotulinum Toxin A-Led Urinary Tract Infections-Should we Safeguard? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective of our study was to evaluate the need for antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infection (UTI) prevention before Onabotulinum toxin A injection for overactive bladder (OAB). We hypothesize that the lack of antibiotic prophylaxis might not be inferior to administering prophylaxis.

Methods: This was a multi-centered, nonblinded, randomized controlled trial conducted between August 2022 and September 2024.

Tailoring Exercise Prescription for Effective Diabetes Glucose Management.

Context: Physical activity, exercise, or both are a staple of lifestyle management approaches both for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). While the current literature supports both physical activity and exercise for improving glycemic control, reducing cardiovascular risk, maintaining proper weight, and enhancing overall well-being, the optimal prescription regimen remains debated.

Evidence Acquisition: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies on exercise, insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control in people with T1DM and T2DM.

Pinch-off dynamics of emulsion filaments before and after polymerization of the internal phase.

The capillary break-up of complex fluid filaments occurs in many scientific and industrial applications, particularly in bio-printing where both liquid and polymerized droplets exist in the fluid. The simultaneous presence of fluid and solid particles within a carrier fluid and their interactions lead to deviations in the filament break-up from the well-established capillary breakup dynamics of single-phase liquids. To examine the significance of the dispersed phase and the internal interactions between liquid droplets and solid particles, we prepare emulsions through photopolymerization and conduct experimental investigations into the pinch-off dynamics of fluid filaments, focusing on the impact of varying concentrations of liquid droplets (before polymerization) and polymerized droplets.

Longer disease progression milestone-free time in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treated versus not treated with intravenous edaravone: results from an administrative claims analysis.

To estimate time-to-progression milestones in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PALS) treated versus not treated with intravenous (IV) edaravone (Radicava IV, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America [MTPA], hereafter "IV edaravone") in a real-world setting. IV edaravone is US FDA approved for the treatment of ALS and was shown in clinical trials to slow the rate of physical functional decline. This retrospective observational analysis included PALS continuously enrolled in Optum's Clinformatics Data Mart between 8 August 2017 and 31 December 2021.

Real-world trends and future projections of the prevalence of cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy among commercially and Medicare-insured adults in the United States.

Objectives: Describing cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) burden over time can inform clinical management and resource allocation. Using health care claims data, this observational study examined recent trends in the prevalence of cirrhosis and HE and associated health care resource utilization among commercially and Medicare-insured adults in the United States (US).

Methods: Data from the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database and 100% Medicare Research Identifiable Files were analyzed (2007-2020).

SyncGenie: A programmable event synchronization device for neuroscience research.

In neuroscience, accurately correlating brain activity with stimuli and other events requires precise synchronization between neural data and event timing. To achieve this, purpose-built synchronization devices are often used to detect events. This paper introduces SyncGenie, a programmable synchronization device designed for a range of uses in neuroscience research-primarily as a "trigger box" to align neurophysiological data with physical stimulus events, among other possibilities.

Cosmology of belonging: The role of community in the therapeutic use of psychedelics.

Background: The recent wave of clinical trials of psychedelic substances among patients with life-limiting illness has largely focused on individual healing. This most often translates to a single patient receiving an intervention with researchers guiding them. As social isolation and lack of connection are major drivers of current mental health crises and group work is expected to be an important aspect of psychedelic assisted psychotherapy, it is essential that we understand the role of community in psychedelic healing.

Real world effectiveness, persistence, tolerability, and safety of ofatumumab in clinical practice.

Aims: To describe the 12-month effectiveness, persistence, tolerability, and safety of ofatumumab (OMB), a highly effective disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), in a real-world MS population.

Patients & Methods: Electronic medical records of patients starting OMB from October 2020 to August 2022 at two comprehensive MS centers were reviewed. Demographics and disease characteristics and 6- and 12-month clinical, patient-reported, and radiologic outcome measures were analyzed.

Characteristics of Child Sexual Abuse Material in Peer-to-Peer Networks and Predictors of its Severity: Insights From Filenames.

The Internet has empowered millions of perpetrators who create and consume (CSAM), the current term replacing In this study, we coded data from a random sample of 2980 filenames from files shared in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks from U.S. IP addresses in 2021.

Direct-acting oral anticoagulant removal by intraoperative hemoadsorption in CABG and/or single valve surgery: interim analysis of the International Safe and Timely Antithrombotic Removal (STAR) registry.

Objective: Patients on direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are at high risk of perioperative bleeding complications. Intraoperative hemoadsorption is a novel strategy to reduce perioperative bleeding in patients on DOACs undergoing non-deferable cardiac surgery. The international STAR-registry reports real-world clinical outcomes associated with this application.

Real-world satisfaction and experience with injection and autoinjector device for ofatumumab indicated for multiple sclerosis.

Background: To evaluate the overall satisfaction, device usability, and injection experience of MS patients self-administering ofatumumab using the Sensoready autoinjector device in the United States (US).

Methods: This US-based, cross-sectional survey study included patients with MS (≥ 18 years) who self-administered ofatumumab using the Sensoready device within the previous 12 months of the survey. Eligible patients were administered a 30-item de novo questionnaire that focused on overall device satisfaction, device usability, convenience/flexibility for travel with the device, user confidence, injection experience, and time to administer the injection.

Application of Deep Learning Accelerated Image Reconstruction in T2-weighted Turbo Spin Echo Imaging of the Brain at 7T.

Prolonged imaging times and motion sensitivity at 7T necessitate advancements in image acceleration techniques. This study evaluates a 7T deep-learning (DL)-based image reconstruction using a deep neural network trained on 7T data, applied to T2-weighted turbo spin echo imaging. Raw k-space data from 30 consecutive clinical 7T brain MRI patients was reconstructed using both DL and standard methods.

Deep learning-based defect detection in film-coated tablets using a convolutional neural network.

Film-coating is a critical step in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Traditional visual inspections for film-coated tablet defect assessment are subjective, inefficient, and labor-intensive. We propose a novel approach utilizing machine learning and image analysis to address these limitations.

Inter-brain plasticity as a mechanism of change in psychotherapy: A proof of concept focusing on test anxiety.

Objective.: There is a growing consensus that interpersonal processes are key to understanding psychotherapy. How might that be reflected in the brain? Recent research proposes that inter-brain synchrony is a crucial neural component of interpersonal interaction.

Clinicopathologic characteristics of ductal carcinoma in situ and risk of subsequent invasive breast cancer: a multicenter, population-based cohort study.

Purpose: To study the association between clinicopathologic characteristics of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and risk of subsequent invasive breast cancer (IBC).

Methods: We conducted a case-control study nested in a multicenter, population-based cohort of 8175 women aged ≥ 18 years with DCIS diagnosed between 1987 and 2016 and followed for a median duration of 83 months. Cases (n = 497) were women with a first diagnosis of DCIS who developed a subsequent IBC ≥ 6 months later; controls (2/case; n = 959) were matched to cases on age at and calendar year of DCIS diagnosis.

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Anti-obesity Agent, S-309309, in Healthy Adults with or Without Obesity.

Background: Anti-obesity medications are recommended for patients who do not achieve and maintain weight loss despite lifestyle interventions. S-309309 is a novel oral inhibitor of monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 being developed as a treatment for obesity.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the safety, clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic biomarker of S-309309.

Intravenous antibiotics for pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Cystic fibrosis is a multisystem disease characterised by the production of thick secretions causing recurrent pulmonary infection, often with unusual bacteria. Intravenous (IV) antibiotics are commonly used in the treatment of acute deteriorations in symptoms (pulmonary exacerbations); however, recently the assumption that exacerbations are due to increases in bacterial burden has been questioned. This is an update of a previously published review.

Case series on the use of the indocyanine green fluorescence real-time imaging technique for lymph node sorting in patients undergoing radical esophagectomy.

Background: There is a clear correlation between accurate postoperative lymph node staging and the survival prognosis of patients. This study aimed to explore the application and value of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence real-time imaging technology in lymph node sorting during radical esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Methods: From August 2022 to June 2023, the specimens of 66 patients who underwent esophageal cancer resection with lymph node dissection were examined.

The Simons Observatory: Design, Optimization, and Performance of Low-Frequency Detectors.

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment located in the Atacama Desert in Chile that will make precise temperature and polarization measurements over six spectral bands ranging from 27 to 285 GHz. Three small aperture telescopes (SATs) and one large aperture telescope (LAT) will house 60,000 detectors and cover angular scales between one arcminute and tens of degrees. We present the performance of the dichroic, low-frequency (LF) lenslet-coupled sinuous antenna transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometer arrays with bands centered at 27 and 39 GHz.

Direct observation of small molecule activator binding to single PR65 protein.

The reactivation of heterotrimeric protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) through small molecule activators is of interest to therapeutic intervention due to its dysregulation, which is linked to chronic conditions. This study focuses on the PP2A scaffold subunit PR65 and a small molecule activator, ATUX-8385, designed to bind directly to this subunit. Using a label-free single-molecule approach with nanoaperture optical tweezers (NOT), we quantify its binding, obtaining a dissociation constant of 13.

The impact of mutations on the clinical outcome and immune response following immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is predicted to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. This is driven by a high case-fatality rate with most patients even with radiologically localized PDAC at diagnosis ultimately relapsing with metastatic disease. mutations present in 90% to 95% of PDAC drive these poor statistics through its role in driving cellular growth, inhibition of apoptosis, and immunosuppression.