Mental health outcomes, associated factors, and coping strategies among LGBTQ adolescent and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.

LGBTQ adolescents and young adults have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to describe the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health among LGBTQ adolescents and young adults, identify associated factors, and summarize coping strategies. A systematic review was conducted by searching six databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, MEDLINE).

Buparlisib and Paclitaxel in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunogenomic Biomarkers of Efficacy from the BERIL-1 Study.

Background: BERIL-1 was a randomized phase 2 study that studied paclitaxel with either buparlisib, a pan-class I PIK3 inhibitor, or placebo in patients with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Considering the therapeutic paradigm shift with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) now approved in the first-line setting, we present an updated immunogenomic analysis of patients enrolled in BERIL-1, including patients with immune-infiltrated tumors.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify biomarkers predictive of treatment efficacy in the context of the post-ICI therapeutic landscape.

Enhancing the Travel Experience for People with Visual Impairments through Multimodal Interaction: NaviGPT, A Real-Time AI-Driven Mobile Navigation System.

Assistive technologies for people with visual impairments (PVI) have made significant advancements, particularly with the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and real-time sensor technologies. However, current solutions often require PVI to switch between multiple apps and tools for tasks like image recognition, navigation, and obstacle detection, which can hinder a seamless and efficient user experience. In this paper, we present NaviGPT, a high-fidelity prototype that integrates LiDAR-based obstacle detection, vibration feedback, and large language model (LLM) responses to provide a comprehensive and real-time navigation aid for PVI.

International trends in the implementation of assessment for learning : Implications for policy and practice in a post-COVID world.

This paper discusses the evolution of assessment for learning (AfL) across the globe with particular attention given to Western educational jurisdictions. Scholars from Australia, Canada, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Norway, and the United States discuss prominent assessment reforms within their respective countries over the last decade. Particular attention is given to the impact of the pandemic as well as technological developments for classroom assessment policies and practices.

Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake.

Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years.

Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines for the role of surgery in the management of patients with diffuse low grade glioma: update.

Target populationAdults with imaging suggestive of a WHO grade II diffuse gliomas (oligodendrogliomas or astrocytomas)QuestionIn adults with imaging suggestive of a WHO grade II diffuse gliomas (oligodendrogliomas or astrocytomas), does surgical resection improve overall survival compared to observation or biopsy?Updated Recommendation from the Prior Version of These Guidelines:Level III: In adults with imaging suggestive of a WHO grade II diffuse gliomas (oligodendrogliomas or astrocytomas), surgical resection is suggested over observation or biopsy to improve overall survival.Question Q2In adults with imaging suggestive of a WHO grade II diffuse gliomas (oligodendrogliomas or astrocytomas), does maximal surgical resection improve progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to subtotal resection/biopsy?Unchanged Recommendations from the Prior Version of These GuidelinesLevel II It is recommended that GTR or STR be accomplished instead of biopsy alone when safe and feasible so as to decrease the frequency of tumor progression recognizing that the rate of progression after GTR is fairly high.Level III Greater extent of resection can improve OS in WHO grade II diffuse gliomas patients.

Ultrasensitive ctDNA detection for preoperative disease stratification in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection can predict clinical risk in early-stage tumors. However, clinical applications are constrained by the sensitivity of clinically validated ctDNA detection approaches. NeXT Personal is a whole-genome-based, tumor-informed platform that has been analytically validated for ultrasensitive ctDNA detection at 1-3 ppm of ctDNA with 99.

The integration of self-efficacy and response-efficacy in decision making.

The belief that we can exert an influence in our environment is dependent on distinct components of perceived control. Here, we investigate the neural representations that differentially code for self-efficacy (belief in successfully executing a behavior) and response-efficacy (belief that the behavior leads to an expected outcome) and how such signals may be integrated to inform decision-making. Participants provided confidence ratings related to executing a behavior (self-efficacy), and the potential for a rewarding outcome (response-efficacy).

Short- and Mid-Term Outcomes Following ALIF and TLIF in L5-S1 Isthmic Spondylolisthesis Patients.

Background: A limited number of studies have compared the outcomes of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) to transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for the treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis. This study aims to compare postoperative complications between these two surgical approaches.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed using a large national database.

Occult collision tumor of the gastroesophageal junction comprising adenocarcinomas with distinct molecular profiles.

Collision tumors, characterized by the coexistence of two unique neoplasms in close approximation, are rare and pose diagnostic challenges. This is particularly true when the unique neoplasms are of the same histologic type. Here we report such a case where comprehensive tumor profiling by next generation sequencing (NGS) as well as immunohistochemistry revealed two independent adenocarcinomas comprising what was initially diagnosed as a single adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal (GEJ) junction.

Safety and Efficacy of IV Onasemnogene Abeparvovec for Pediatric Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy: The Phase 3b SMART Study.

Background And Objectives: Safety and efficacy of IV onasemnogene abeparvovec has been demonstrated for patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) weighing <8.5 kg. SMART was the first clinical trial to evaluate onasemnogene abeparvovec for participants weighing 8.

Efficacy of absorbable vs. non-absorbable patient-specific, 3D-printed implants for the treatment of facial bone fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis compares the efficacy and complication rate of absorbable versus non-absorbable 3D-printed, patient-customized, maxillofacial implants in facial trauma patients.

Data Sources: A comprehensive search of four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane) was conducted.

Methods: A systematic review and single-proportion meta-analysis was conducted employing PRISMA guidelines.

A Review of the Prospera Spinal Cord Stimulation System with Multiphase Stimulation and Proactive Care.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to describe the development and key features of the Prospera™ Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) System, as well as the clinical evidence supporting its use. Prospera delivers therapy using a proprietary multiphase stimulation paradigm and is the first SCS system to offer proactive care through automatic, objective, daily, remote device monitoring and remote programming capabilities.

Recent Findings: Results from the recently published BENEFIT-02 trial support the short-term safety and efficacy of multiphase stimulation in patients with chronic pain.

PARADIGM-PV: a randomized, multicenter phase 4 study to assess the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with low- or high-risk polycythemia vera.

Polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by clonal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells with constitutively active somatic mutation(s) in the Janus kinase 2 gene. Phlebotomy (Phl) and aspirin are often used alone for low-risk PV patients. However, data from the Low-PV study demonstrated that Phl and aspirin may not be adequate for patients.

ZNFX1 functions as a master regulator of epigenetically induced pathogen mimicry and inflammasome signaling in cancer.

DNA methyltransferase and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (DNMTis, PARPis) induce a stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent pathogen mimicry response (PMR) in ovarian and other cancers. Here, we showed that combining DNMTis and PARPis upregulates expression of the nucleic-acid sensor NFX1-type zinc finger-containing 1 protein (ZNFX1). ZNFX1 mediated induction of PMR in mitochondria, serving as a gateway for STING-dependent interferon/inflammasome signaling.

Evaluating the impact of media and feed combinations on CHO cell culture performance and monoclonal antibody (trastuzumab) production.

Unlabelled: The choice of media and feeds significantly influences the performance of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) mammalian cell cultures in producing desired biologics like monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Sub-optimal nutrient feed/media composition can severely impact cell proliferation and the quality of the final mAb product. For instance, proper protein glycosylation, crucial for mAb stability, safety, and efficacy, heavily relies on cell culture conditions.

Microfluidic Cultures of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons for Assessing Retrograde Cell Death by Live Imaging.

Neurons are highly polarized cells, with axons that may innervate distant target regions. In the brain, basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) possess extensive axons that project to several target regions such as the cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala, and may be exposed to a specific microenvironment in their axon targets that may have retrograde effects on neuronal health. Interestingly, BFCNs express the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR throughout life while also concomitantly co-expressing all Trk receptors, making them capable of responding to both mature and precursor neurotrophins to promote survival or apoptosis, respectively.

Transportation considerations in underserved patient populations receiving multidisciplinary head and neck cancer care.

Background: Underinsured patients with advanced head and neck cancer experience worse outcomes compared to their well-insured peers.

Methods: Retrospective logistic regression analysis testing associations between demographic, geospatial, transportation, disease, and treatment factors in 50 government insured or uninsured patients receiving curative-intent, multidisciplinary cancer care.

Results: Forty percent of patients missed at least one treatment or surveillance appointment within the first year.

Targeted Delivery of BMS-1166 for Enhanced Breast Cancer Immunotherapy.

Background: Cancer immunotherapy has achieved great success in breast cancer treatment in recent years. The Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) /Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway is among the most studied. BMS-1166, a PD-L1 inhibitor, can interfere with PD-1 and PD-L1 interaction.

An optimized plasmalogen modulating dietary supplement provides greater protection in a male than female mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy.

We previously reported that plasmalogens, a class of phospholipids, were decreased in a setting of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Plasmalogen levels can be modulated via a dietary supplement called alkylglycerols (AG) which has demonstrated benefits in some disease settings. However, its therapeutic potential in DCM remained unknown.

Diabetes medication prescribing trends based on provider type and location in the United States.

Background: As primary care physician numbers continue to decline, more patients with type 2 diabetes are likely to receive care from advanced practice providers (APPs), including physician assistants and nurse practitioners. Analyzing diabetes medication prescribing trends among these provider types is essential for ensuring evidence-based diabetes care. This retrospective, cross-sectional pilot study aimed to examine differences in type 2 diabetes medication prescribing trends by provider type (physicians vs.

Iris retractor-assisted optic capture of a 3-piece intraocular lens.

Optic capture of a three-piece lens in the absence of posterior capsule support is an effective strategy for stabilizing and sequestering the optic to reduce the risk of dislocation and UGH syndrome compared to sulcus placement. We present a novel technique that facilitates optic capture in the presence of a contracted, fibrotic rhexis opening, while minimizing stress on the zonules by using iris retractors to assist in stabilization and expansion of the rhexis, followed by direct injection of the optic of the lens behind the anterior capsule opening into an optic captured configuration.

Doctors' satisfaction with the rehabilitation system for anti-terrorist operation participants: A factor analysis.

Background: A war has a catastrophic effect on veterans' health. However, there is a knowledge gap about the veterans' rehabilitation system, requirements, and the satisfaction of doctor-organizers. The present study aims to assess the level of satisfaction of the doctor-organizers of health care with the existing rehabilitation system for anti-terrorist operation (ATO) veterans in Ukraine.

Accelerating ASEAN's energy transition in the power sector through cross-border transmission and a net-zero 2050 view.

Faced with energy transition objectives, the ten countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have technology options to decarbonize power sector. This study investigates the hypothetical decarbonization pathways for ASEAN's power sector. Here, we present an integrated power system capacity expansion model for ASEAN over 2018-2050.